回應(yīng)型立法模式論
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-10 05:32
【摘要】：伴隨社會改革向縱深方向發(fā)展以及社會矛盾日益復(fù)雜化、民眾參與意識增強、社會法律需求的增多、社會信息沖擊的加大,傳統(tǒng)自上而下與趕超型的立法模式所表現(xiàn)出的變革立法、經(jīng)濟(jì)立法、數(shù)量立法以及移植立法越來難以適應(yīng)這種社會現(xiàn)狀而暴露出諸多弊端,社會變遷對立法轉(zhuǎn)型提出了挑戰(zhàn)。在這種背景之下,回應(yīng)型立法模式作為以公眾呼聲、社會需求為主導(dǎo)的立法模式因為其直接的參與性與回應(yīng)性、開放的立法體系而具有與現(xiàn)行社會變遷相容共促的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)而備受推崇�；貞�(yīng)型立法模式強調(diào)一種適時立法、被動立法、強調(diào)將法的運作作為一個廣義的立法過程來對待,可以回應(yīng)不斷增多的社會需求。從實證角度分析,回應(yīng)型立法模式的產(chǎn)生的有其必要性與實踐中的可行性,必要性包括社會矛盾突出、傳統(tǒng)立法模式失靈、公眾參與困境的要求等；可行性包括是社會主義法律體系的建立、社會法律需求的增多等。而且這種新型的立法模式具有跨學(xué)科的理論支撐與基礎(chǔ),同制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、管理學(xué)等諸多學(xué)科的發(fā)展方向具有內(nèi)在的理論契合點與同源性,作為人文學(xué)科的發(fā)展方向,它們有內(nèi)在的統(tǒng)一性,都蘊含一種平等、對話、軟性的理念。符合社會人文學(xué)科的發(fā)展方向與研究前沿。 但是作為一種理想化的立法模式,構(gòu)建理想的回應(yīng)型立法模式的運作體制。從回應(yīng)型立法模式的要素來看,首先需要充足的立法呼聲與參與意見,這是立法關(guān)注回應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)所在,其次要有專業(yè)理性的分析工具與模型對隱匿于民意背后的立法需求予以提練并分析,這是回應(yīng)型立法模式的控制閥,這一環(huán)節(jié)如果運行有問題,將直接導(dǎo)致陷入民粹立法的深淵,最后需要及時負(fù)責(zé)任的對話與回應(yīng),這既是對回應(yīng)型立法模式的要求,也可以從更好的激發(fā)民眾參與的積極性�？偠灾�,回應(yīng)型立法模式需要廣闊海量的信息輸入作為信息處理前提、專業(yè)的立法理論評析信息、健全的渠道機制進(jìn)行回應(yīng)。但遺憾的是受我國目前的社會、政治體制等諸多因素的影響,離這種新型的立法模式還有相當(dāng)漫長的道路,以《中華人民共和國個人所得稅法》的修改為例,考察我國立法回應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀,無論從體制機制異或從基礎(chǔ)要索的積累都與理想的模式存在較大的差距。為此在可接受的程度內(nèi),比較務(wù)實之選就是采取由下面上的逐步推廣、在現(xiàn)行立法體制中嵌入回應(yīng)型立法的若干原則與精神,在現(xiàn)階段實踐這種立法模式的可行之選就是在現(xiàn)有立法體制內(nèi)嵌入帶有立法回應(yīng)色彩,并加強理論上研究,并逐步采取試點推行的方式或者在小范圍之內(nèi)予以貫徹,以期為大范圍推廣積累經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:With the development of social reform in the direction of depth and the increasing complexity of social contradictions, the awareness of public participation, the increase of social legal demand and the impact of social information are becoming more and more complex. The traditional top-down and catch-up legislative model shows that the reform legislation, economic legislation, quantitative legislation and transplantation legislation are more and more difficult to adapt to this social situation and expose many drawbacks. Social changes pose a challenge to the legislative transformation. In this context, the responsive legislative model is a legislative model dominated by public voice and social demand because of its direct participation and responsiveness. The open legislative system has the inherent quality which is compatible with the current social change and is highly respected. The responsive legislative model emphasizes a kind of timely legislation, passive legislation, and emphasizes that the operation of the law can be treated as a broad legislative process, which can respond to the increasing social needs. From the empirical point of view, the emergence of the responsive legislative model has its necessity and feasibility in practice, including the prominent social contradictions, the failure of the traditional legislative model, the requirements of the dilemma of public participation, and so on. Feasibility includes the establishment of socialist legal system, the increase of social legal demand and so on. Moreover, this new legislative model has interdisciplinary theoretical support and foundation, and has inherent theoretical coincidence and homology with the development direction of many disciplines, such as institutional economics, management and so on, as the development direction of humanities. They have inherent unity and contain a concept of equality, dialogue and softness. In line with the development direction and research frontier of social humanities. However, as an idealized legislative model, the operation system of ideal responsive legislative model is constructed. From the point of view of the elements of the responsive legislative model, we first need adequate legislative calls and participating opinions, which is the basis of the legislative attention response. Secondly, it is necessary to have professional and rational analysis tools and models to train and analyze the legislative needs hidden behind public opinion, which is the control valve of the responsive legislative model, and if there is a problem in the operation of this link, It will directly lead to falling into the abyss of populist legislation, and finally requires timely and responsible dialogue and response, which is not only the requirement of the responsive legislative model, but also can better stimulate the enthusiasm of the people to participate. In a word, the responsive legislative model needs extensive and massive information input as the premise of information processing, professional legislative theory evaluation of information, sound channel mechanism to respond. However, unfortunately, influenced by many factors, such as the current social and political system of our country, there is still a long way from this new legislative model, taking the revision of the personal income tax Law of the people's Republic of China as an example. To investigate the present situation of legislative response in our country, there is a big gap between the accumulation of institutional mechanism and foundation, and the ideal model. To this end, to an acceptable extent, the more pragmatic choice is to adopt the following gradual promotion, embedding some principles and spirits of responsive legislation in the current legislative system. The feasible choice to practice this legislative model at this stage is to embed the color of legislative response in the existing legislative system, and to strengthen the theoretical research, and gradually adopt the way of pilot implementation or implement it on a small scale. In order to popularize and accumulate experience on a large scale.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D920.0
本文編號：2496212
[Abstract]:With the development of social reform in the direction of depth and the increasing complexity of social contradictions, the awareness of public participation, the increase of social legal demand and the impact of social information are becoming more and more complex. The traditional top-down and catch-up legislative model shows that the reform legislation, economic legislation, quantitative legislation and transplantation legislation are more and more difficult to adapt to this social situation and expose many drawbacks. Social changes pose a challenge to the legislative transformation. In this context, the responsive legislative model is a legislative model dominated by public voice and social demand because of its direct participation and responsiveness. The open legislative system has the inherent quality which is compatible with the current social change and is highly respected. The responsive legislative model emphasizes a kind of timely legislation, passive legislation, and emphasizes that the operation of the law can be treated as a broad legislative process, which can respond to the increasing social needs. From the empirical point of view, the emergence of the responsive legislative model has its necessity and feasibility in practice, including the prominent social contradictions, the failure of the traditional legislative model, the requirements of the dilemma of public participation, and so on. Feasibility includes the establishment of socialist legal system, the increase of social legal demand and so on. Moreover, this new legislative model has interdisciplinary theoretical support and foundation, and has inherent theoretical coincidence and homology with the development direction of many disciplines, such as institutional economics, management and so on, as the development direction of humanities. They have inherent unity and contain a concept of equality, dialogue and softness. In line with the development direction and research frontier of social humanities. However, as an idealized legislative model, the operation system of ideal responsive legislative model is constructed. From the point of view of the elements of the responsive legislative model, we first need adequate legislative calls and participating opinions, which is the basis of the legislative attention response. Secondly, it is necessary to have professional and rational analysis tools and models to train and analyze the legislative needs hidden behind public opinion, which is the control valve of the responsive legislative model, and if there is a problem in the operation of this link, It will directly lead to falling into the abyss of populist legislation, and finally requires timely and responsible dialogue and response, which is not only the requirement of the responsive legislative model, but also can better stimulate the enthusiasm of the people to participate. In a word, the responsive legislative model needs extensive and massive information input as the premise of information processing, professional legislative theory evaluation of information, sound channel mechanism to respond. However, unfortunately, influenced by many factors, such as the current social and political system of our country, there is still a long way from this new legislative model, taking the revision of the personal income tax Law of the people's Republic of China as an example. To investigate the present situation of legislative response in our country, there is a big gap between the accumulation of institutional mechanism and foundation, and the ideal model. To this end, to an acceptable extent, the more pragmatic choice is to adopt the following gradual promotion, embedding some principles and spirits of responsive legislation in the current legislative system. The feasible choice to practice this legislative model at this stage is to embed the color of legislative response in the existing legislative system, and to strengthen the theoretical research, and gradually adopt the way of pilot implementation or implement it on a small scale. In order to popularize and accumulate experience on a large scale.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D920.0
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 周旺生;關(guān)于立法規(guī)劃的幾個理論問題[J];北京大學(xué)學(xué)報(哲學(xué)社會科學(xué)版);1993年03期
2 許章潤;《法治及其本土資源》隨談[J];比較法研究;1997年01期
3 林蕾;黃進(jìn)喜;;中國法治建設(shè)的大眾化進(jìn)路及其推進(jìn)方式[J];東南學(xué)術(shù);2008年05期
4 汪全勝;試論構(gòu)建我國的立法準(zhǔn)備制度[J];福建政法管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報;2002年01期
5 張文顯;論立法中的法律移植[J];法學(xué);1996年01期
6 王稱心;試論我國立法體制的現(xiàn)狀與完善[J];中央政法管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報;1999年05期
7 王元元;呂新云;;和諧社會構(gòu)建中“以人為本”思想的法理解讀[J];石家莊經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2010年03期
8 饒龍飛;許秀姿;;立法時機三論[J];井岡山學(xué)院學(xué)報;2009年01期
9 鄭文靜;論政府回應(yīng)的公眾環(huán)境[J];理論探索;2001年02期
10 李強;;國家控制相對弱化下的社會法律需求[J];湖北經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院學(xué)報(人文社會科學(xué)版);2007年12期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 梁存寧;全國人大及其常委會立法議案制度研究[D];華東政法學(xué)院;2004年
2 鄭娟;我國社會轉(zhuǎn)型期府際關(guān)系框架下的中央與地方立法權(quán)限研究[D];上海師范大學(xué);2008年
，本文編號：2496212
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/falvlunwen/falilunwen/2496212.html
