【摘要】：近年來(lái),有不少德國(guó)學(xué)者認(rèn)為黑格爾是積極一般預(yù)防理論的鼻祖之一。黑格爾的刑罰理論與雅科布斯的積極一般預(yù)防理論之間有著高度的相似性,黑格爾的犯罪觀契合了積極一般預(yù)防理論的實(shí)質(zhì)。在刑罰理論發(fā)展史上,正是刑法學(xué)領(lǐng)域內(nèi)的"黑格爾復(fù)興"助產(chǎn)了積極一般預(yù)防理論。傳統(tǒng)的觀點(diǎn)一直認(rèn)為黑格爾是報(bào)應(yīng)刑論的典型代表,其報(bào)應(yīng)理論來(lái)自于康德的反射性報(bào)應(yīng)理論,這種絕對(duì)主義的立場(chǎng)能夠避免將個(gè)人當(dāng)成實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)目的的工具。為了兼顧預(yù)防的必要性,黑格爾放棄了康德的等量報(bào)應(yīng)觀念,提出了"等價(jià)報(bào)應(yīng)理論",即允許作為犯罪影像的刑罰在犯罪的基礎(chǔ)上發(fā)生一定的"變形"。但等價(jià)報(bào)應(yīng)理論并不能緩解刑罰目的與人格尊嚴(yán)之間的緊張關(guān)系,解決問(wèn)題的出路在于區(qū)分刑罰理論與量刑理論,將前者作為宏觀的問(wèn)題,以積極一般預(yù)防理論為內(nèi)核;將后者作為微觀的運(yùn)作程序,以同等對(duì)待原則為指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, many German scholars believe that Heger is one of the ancestors of positive general prevention theory. There is a high degree of similarity between Heger's penalty theory and Jacobs' positive general prevention theory. Heger's view of crime fits into the essence of positive general prevention theory. In the history of the development of penalty theory, it is the Hegelian Revival in the field of criminal law that has assisted the theory of positive general prevention. The traditional view has always believed that Heger is a typical representative of retribution theory, and his retribution theory comes from Kant's reflective retribution theory, which can avoid using the individual as a tool to achieve social goals. In order to take into account the necessity of prevention, Heger abandoned Kant's concept of equal retribution and put forward the theory of equivalent retribution, that is, to allow the penalty as a criminal image to undergo certain "deformation" on the basis of crime. However, the theory of equivalent retribution can not alleviate the tension between the purpose of penalty and the dignity of human person. The way to solve the problem lies in distinguishing the theory of penalty from the theory of sentencing, taking the former as a macro problem and taking the theory of positive general prevention as the core. The latter as a micro operating procedure, guided by the principle of equal treatment.
【作者單位】： 武漢大學(xué)法學(xué)院;武漢大學(xué)哲學(xué)學(xué)院博士后科研流動(dòng)站;
【基金】：武漢大學(xué)“70后”學(xué)術(shù)團(tuán)隊(duì)“我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中的刑事法治問(wèn)題研究團(tuán)隊(duì)”、中國(guó)博士后科學(xué)基金面上項(xiàng)目“‘法官釋法'的困境分析”(項(xiàng)目編號(hào)為2012M521447)的階段性成果之一
【分類號(hào)】：D909.1;D914

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