【摘要】：改革開放以來,我國大量立法冠以"試行"或"暫行"的名稱,使試行法和暫行法成為我國法律體系的一個有機組成部分。考察近40年的立法情況發(fā)現(xiàn),試行法與暫行法"有試無驗""有始無終"的現(xiàn)象普遍存在,且在內(nèi)容結(jié)構(gòu)、制定程序、規(guī)范效力以及應(yīng)用范圍等方面與正式立法沒有顯著區(qū)別,故有人否定試行法和暫行法存在的必要性。鑒于我國改革試驗的漸進主義路徑及其地方性、多樣性和不確定性,在"重大改革于法有據(jù)"的法治原則下,試行法和暫行法仍有存在意義和發(fā)展空間,但須加以完善,使其回歸本位。作為試驗立法,試行法和暫行法應(yīng)只能為改革試驗而制定,在總則中應(yīng)明確規(guī)定試驗?zāi)康暮驮囼炓?在附則中應(yīng)明確規(guī)定其與現(xiàn)行法之間的適用關(guān)系及實施期限,并建立相應(yīng)的信息反饋渠道和評估程序,將試驗成果及時轉(zhuǎn)化為正式立法,妥善維護試行法和暫行法形成的社會關(guān)系或法律秩序。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, a large number of legislation in our country is called "trial" or "temporary", which makes the trial law and temporary law become an organic part of our legal system. In the past 40 years, it is found that the trial law and the provisional law have no obvious difference from the formal legislation in terms of content structure, formulation procedure, normative effect and scope of application, and there is no significant difference between the trial law and the provisional law in terms of content structure, formulation procedure, normative effect and scope of application. Therefore, some people deny the necessity of trial law and temporary law. In view of the path of gradualism and its locality, diversity and uncertainty in China's reform experiment, under the rule of law principle of "great reform is based on law", the trial law and the temporary law still have significance and room for development, but they must be perfected. Bring it back to its standard. As experimental legislation, the trial law and the provisional law should only be formulated for the purpose of reforming the test, the purpose and requirements of the test should be clearly specified in the general provisions, and the application relationship and the implementation period between them and the existing law should be clearly stipulated in the supplementary provisions. It also establishes the corresponding information feedback channel and evaluation procedure, converts the experimental results into formal legislation in time, and properly maintains the social relations or legal order formed by the trial and temporary laws.
【作者單位】： 南京師范大學(xué)法學(xué)院;南京師范大學(xué)中國法治現(xiàn)代化研究院;
【基金】：江蘇省“333”高層次人才培養(yǎng)工程資助項目(BRA2015333)
【分類號】：D920.0

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