仇恨言論的法律規(guī)制研究
[Abstract]:The so-called hate speech refers to a kind of speech which, under the guidance of hate intent, causes discrimination and hatred among groups on the basis of national, racial, nationality, gender and religious identity characteristics. Hate speech is not only easy to cause psychological and physical harm to its target, but also has great harm to the whole society and is in fact contrary to it. Back to the core value of freedom of speech.
The difficulty of legal regulation of hate speech stems mainly from the paradox in its theory and practice: on the one hand, people should enjoy freedom of speech, and restricting hate speech may harm this basic right of the people; on the other hand, hate speech expresses and transmits hatred rather than useful information, and this kind of information. Hatred is not only harmful to the overall interests of society, but also prone to contradictions and conflicts among different groups in society. It also violates the dignity of individuals. It is a violation of personal personality and reputation. The reason why hate speech may have a certain value is that it may have the relevant value of freedom of speech as a form of speech, so we need to maintain a certain tolerance of it. Second, starting from hatred, we should examine the harm of hate speech to society and individuals. Value analysis shows that restricting hate speech does not damage the value of freedom of speech.
On the basis of the freedom and harmfulness of hate speech, there are two different ways to regulate hate speech: one is the way of legal regulation of hate speech based on freedom, that is, in the legal regulation of hate speech, the free nature of hate speech is emphasized, and the legal regulation of hate speech is based on both ideas and measures. This approach, represented by the United States, advocates tolerance of hate speech and prefers to tolerate the harm caused by hate speech in order to protect freedom of speech. The second approach is the legal regulation of hate speech based on dignity, that is, the legal regulation of hate speech focuses mainly on the harm caused by hate speech. In order to protect human dignity, they are willing to make the necessary sacrifices in freedom of speech. For these two approaches, this paper selects the representative of the United States and Germany. Germany conducted an investigation.
The United States upholds freedom of speech as the foundation of the nation and advocates a high degree of protection of freedom of speech. Its view of freedom of speech takes "free market of thought" and "theory of free discussion of public affairs" as its core values and regards the principle of content neutrality as its core regulatory norm. In more than 70 years since it entered the United States courts in 1940, the attitude of American courts to hate speech has generally been more tolerant. Although in early cases, the United States courts allowed restrictions on hate speech, since the rise of the civil rights movement in the 1960s, the United States courts have generally been relatively tolerant in the treatment of hate speech. Attitudes. It is only in recent years that there has been a gradual fine-tuning of tolerance, but in essence the attitude of American courts towards hate speech has not changed fundamentally. In the early Boarney case, the U.S. Supreme Court mainly regulated hate speech by "group defamation"; in the Brandenburg case in 1969, it was dealt with by "inciting illegal speech"; in the Victora case in 1992, it was attributed to "provocative speech." By 2003, the Black case was dealt with in accordance with the "real threat" principle. Although it was a new way out of the "real threat", it was still largely dominated by Victora's decision to tolerate hate speech.
Deeply influenced by the Nazi history, Germany abhors hate speech, especially those involving Jewish groups. Against this historical background, Germany attaches great importance to the value of human dignity and believes that freedom of speech is not only a negative right, but also a positive right. The government promotes and encourages those who are beneficial to discovering the truth and to the Jewish community. Germany holds that hate speech has no value and that "prohibition of lies does not hinder the pursuit of truth" is aimed at preventing alienation of society and individuals under the instigation of hate speech and repeating historical repetition. German law clearly stipulates that as long as racist information poses a broad threat to public security and human life and dignity, it is sufficient to impose legal sanctions on it. Misrepresentation should not be protected by freedom of speech; the expression of ideas and value judgments can not be protected if they are aimed at blasphemy and derogation of human dignity. In specific judicial decisions, the German Constitutional Court has gradually developed the principle of comparing freedom of speech with other constitutional rights.
Although the American approach emphasizes freedom and the German approach emphasizes dignity, there has been a certain convergence between the two in recent years. This shows that in the legal regulation of hate speech, we need to reconcile the contradiction between the value of freedom and the value of dignity, and integrate the value of freedom and the value of dignity into an organic whole. There is a convergence approach between the German approaches, which guarantees freedom of speech but permits limited restrictions on hate speech. The convergence approach is a minimal regulatory approach that conforms to the realization of the fundamental right of freedom of speech and a realistic choice for countries to use for reference in dealing with the thorny issue of hate speech.
【學位授予單位】:山東大學
【學位級別】:博士
【學位授予年份】:2011
【分類號】:D90
【相似文獻】
相關期刊論文 前10條
1 羅小麗;;我國價格卡特爾及其法律規(guī)制的研究[J];經營管理者;2011年14期
2 張猛;;論網絡廣告的法律規(guī)制[J];法制與社會;2011年21期
3 郜潔;;論家庭暴力及其法律規(guī)制[J];新鄉(xiāng)學院學報(社會科學版);2010年06期
4 杜興濤;;小額貸款公司的法律規(guī)制[J];合作經濟與科技;2011年15期
5 尚毅;;我國對外資并購反壟斷法律規(guī)制的現(xiàn)狀與完善[J];重慶科技學院學報(社會科學版);2011年13期
6 侯佳曼;;論管理層收購的法律規(guī)制[J];法制與社會;2011年20期
7 蔣惠嶺;;法治“刀刃”須用好鋼鑄造[J];法制資訊;2011年06期
8 李玉運;;一人公司及其法律規(guī)制[J];中國-東盟博覽;2011年04期
9 王曉剛;;保障性住房的相關法律問題探析[J];東方企業(yè)文化;2011年06期
10 黃亞宇;;芻議低碳經濟下完善碳排放權交易的法律規(guī)制[J];商業(yè)時代;2011年19期
相關會議論文 前10條
1 薛靜;杜洪波;;論性的法律規(guī)制[A];中國性學會第五屆年會學術論文集[C];2003年
2 馬慶林;;從一則案例看美國法院對案件的推理[A];第二屆全國邊緣法學研討會論文集[C];2007年
3 柯堅;;關于我國環(huán)保產業(yè)發(fā)展的法律思考[A];中國環(huán)境保護產業(yè)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略論壇論文集[C];2000年
4 王桂林;張樹興;;我國西部生態(tài)恢復與重建的法律規(guī)制探討[A];生態(tài)文明與環(huán)境資源法--2009年全國環(huán)境資源法學研討會(年會)論文集[C];2009年
5 戈華清;;數(shù)字環(huán)保的法律規(guī)范與法律思考[A];適應市場機制的環(huán)境法制建設問題研究——2002年中國環(huán)境資源法學研討會論文集(上冊)[C];2002年
6 朱曄;;私募基金法律調控探析[A];城市經濟與微區(qū)位研究——全國城市經濟地理與微區(qū)位學術研討會論文集[C];2004年
7 朱娟;;對我國非點源污染狀況的考察及法律思考[A];水污染防治立法和循環(huán)經濟立法研究——2005年全國環(huán)境資源法學研討會論文集(第一冊)[C];2005年
8 陳海東;孫淑云;;芻議新型農村合作醫(yī)療管理機構的法律規(guī)制[A];農村衛(wèi)生改革與發(fā)展研討會論文集[C];2006年
9 陳芳;;關于循環(huán)經濟下企業(yè)行為法律規(guī)制的幾點思考[A];2008中國環(huán)境科學學會學術年會優(yōu)秀論文集(上卷)[C];2008年
10 夏少敏;張娟紅;;外來物種入侵的法律規(guī)制[A];浙江省第二屆生物多樣性保護與可持續(xù)發(fā)展研討會論文摘要集[C];2004年
相關重要報紙文章 前10條
1 ;美國法院批準AMD的文件保留請求[N];計算機世界;2005年
2 汕頭市食品藥品監(jiān)督管理局 廖仲宇;淺談危險廢物的法律規(guī)制[N];汕頭日報;2009年
3 蘇殷;高速公路免費放行需要法律規(guī)制[N];檢察日報;2010年
4 記者 李小彤;“全球經濟衰退與法律規(guī)制” 國際研討會在京舉行[N];中國勞動保障報;2010年
5 記者 劉丹;美籍夫婦離異分在華財產,美國法院說了算?[N];新華每日電訊;2008年
6 檢察官 王新環(huán);現(xiàn)場狙擊的法律規(guī)制[N];檢察日報;2009年
7 周曉言;家庭“冷暴力”亟待法律規(guī)制[N];江蘇法制報;2011年
8 景永利;“新聞打假”還需法律規(guī)制[N];人民法院報;2011年
9 教授 劉誠;強化法律規(guī)制以應對金融危機[N];法制日報;2009年
10 記者 劉詩平 白潔純;中行發(fā)言人:支持美國法院關于“開平案”的判決[N];經濟參考報;2009年
相關博士學位論文 前10條
1 龔艷;仇恨言論的法律規(guī)制研究[D];山東大學;2011年
2 張立先;金融應急管理的法律規(guī)制研究[D];山東大學;2012年
3 朱文雁;論英國對誹謗的法律規(guī)制[D];山東大學;2012年
4 張健;專利權濫用及其法律規(guī)制研究[D];吉林大學;2011年
5 汪澤;論對場外衍生產品的法律規(guī)制[D];對外經濟貿易大學;2006年
6 曹霞;可持續(xù)發(fā)展視野下中國小礦的法律規(guī)制[D];中國人民大學;2010年
7 向東;我國政府債券法律制度研究[D];中央民族大學;2007年
8 孫威;公司與其管理者利益沖突及法律規(guī)制研究[D];對外經濟貿易大學;2006年
9 邢鋼;從國際私法角度論外國公司的法律規(guī)制[D];中國政法大學;2006年
10 胡正良;中國航運法之研究[D];大連海事大學;2003年
相關碩士學位論文 前10條
1 安雪梅;論我國證券公司治理結構的法律規(guī)制[D];湘潭大學;2003年
2 趙向軍;上市公司收購中主體利益沖突及法律規(guī)制[D];鄭州大學;2004年
3 皇甫婧琪;電信業(yè)法律規(guī)制問題研究[D];山西大學;2005年
4 韓鵬飛;企業(yè)合并的法律規(guī)制問題研究[D];鄭州大學;2005年
5 劉欣然;缺陷產品法律規(guī)制研究[D];鄭州大學;2005年
6 許雪衛(wèi);論知識產權許可中限制性條款的法律規(guī)制[D];蘇州大學;2005年
7 蔡文輝;經濟轉型時期尋租行為的法律規(guī)制[D];中南大學;2005年
8 劉俊;行政自由裁量權研究[D];蘇州大學;2004年
9 牛晨;論我國的一人公司及其法律規(guī)制[D];對外經濟貿易大學;2006年
10 徐黎虹;食品安全法律規(guī)制研究[D];首都經濟貿易大學;2006年
,本文編號:2241307
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/falvlunwen/falilunwen/2241307.html