美國(guó)醫(yī)生離職后競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度探究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-11 12:20
【摘要】：美國(guó)競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)期發(fā)展，已經(jīng)漸成體系，對(duì)各種判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行細(xì)化規(guī)定，且區(qū)分行業(yè)對(duì)競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議進(jìn)行區(qū)別對(duì)待。醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議在美國(guó)就因?yàn)獒t(yī)生行業(yè)的特殊性而在各州予以另行規(guī)定。在美國(guó)，各州普遍都禁止律師競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議，但是對(duì)于醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議各州態(tài)度不一，有的州認(rèn)為該協(xié)議本身即是無(wú)效，而有的州則給予特殊限制，而絕大多數(shù)州則認(rèn)為應(yīng)該采用“合理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”判斷醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的有效性和可執(zhí)行性。 在我國(guó)由于醫(yī)生流動(dòng)制度及醫(yī)院人事制度等的問(wèn)題，極大的限制了醫(yī)生的流動(dòng)，醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的案例更是絕無(wú)僅有，有關(guān)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止的立法規(guī)定或者是學(xué)術(shù)探討更是少之甚少。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展及對(duì)醫(yī)生流動(dòng)制度的改進(jìn)，必然伴隨著更多的醫(yī)生流動(dòng)，而因此可能導(dǎo)致的醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止問(wèn)題將應(yīng)然而生。 本文擬從以下三個(gè)方面入手，通過(guò)探究美國(guó)各州對(duì)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議迥然不同的做法，查找美國(guó)各州區(qū)別對(duì)待律師競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議與醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的內(nèi)在原因，分析判斷醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的各項(xiàng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，提出能夠更好平衡雇主與雇員醫(yī)生及其病人之間利益的解決方法，以期能夠吸收借鑒相關(guān)判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)指導(dǎo)我國(guó)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止制度的發(fā)展。 第一章主要是對(duì)美國(guó)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的立法及司法實(shí)踐進(jìn)行介紹。分為兩個(gè)部分。第一部分介紹美國(guó)各州對(duì)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的立法及司法現(xiàn)狀，第二部分主要是對(duì)立法特別規(guī)定醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的理論基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行剖析。本章通過(guò)各州立法比較、案例比較，描述各州醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止的立法司法現(xiàn)狀，而后又從醫(yī)生行業(yè)的特殊性著手，論述區(qū)別對(duì)待醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止的法律基礎(chǔ)、現(xiàn)實(shí)基礎(chǔ)等。 第二章主要是對(duì)美國(guó)“合理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”進(jìn)行論述，詳細(xì)介紹了美國(guó)“合理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”的具體考量因素，結(jié)合相關(guān)案例，對(duì)“合理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”在醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止中的具體適用進(jìn)行介紹。 第三章先是評(píng)析了我國(guó)競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議立法及司法現(xiàn)狀，及該立法及司法在醫(yī)生行業(yè)中的適用情況，然后分析我國(guó)對(duì)于醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的立法不足，以及我國(guó)司法實(shí)踐中關(guān)于醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的相關(guān)案例，最后論述了我國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的立法及司法實(shí)踐的借鑒與吸收。 綜上所述，筆者是希望通過(guò)本文，通過(guò)分析美國(guó)各州對(duì)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議的立法及司法態(tài)度，同時(shí)結(jié)合大多數(shù)州適用的“合理標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”，以期通過(guò)分析對(duì)醫(yī)生競(jìng)業(yè)禁止協(xié)議在美國(guó)的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，合理分析美國(guó)立法及司法實(shí)踐的各種做法，，從中借鑒或者吸收適合我國(guó)醫(yī)生行業(yè)發(fā)展的相關(guān)制度，以指導(dǎo)我國(guó)醫(yī)療行業(yè)健康發(fā)展的同時(shí)，平衡好雇主、醫(yī)生與病人之間的利益關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:After a long period of development, the American non-compete system has gradually become a system, which specifies the various judgment criteria, and distinguishes the industry from the non-compete agreement. Doctor non-competition agreement in the United States because of the particularity of the doctor industry in the state to be separately stipulated. In the United States, states generally prohibit a lawyer's non-compete agreement, but there are different attitudes toward a doctor's non-compete agreement. Some states consider the agreement to be null and void, while others impose special restrictions. Most states believe that a "reasonable standard" should be used to judge the effectiveness and enforceability of a doctor's non-compete agreement. In our country, due to the problems of doctors' mobility system and hospital personnel system, the mobility of doctors is greatly restricted, and the cases of doctors' non-competition agreement are even more rare. There are few legislative provisions or academic discussions on the prohibition of competition among doctors. With the development of our country's economy and the improvement of the system of doctors' mobility, more doctors' mobility will inevitably accompany, and the problem of the prohibition of doctors' competition will arise. This paper attempts to explore the different approaches of the American states to the non-compete agreements of doctors from the following three aspects, and to find out the internal reasons why the States in the United States treat lawyers' non-compete agreements differently from doctors' non-compete agreements. On the basis of analyzing and judging the criteria of doctors' non-competition agreement, this paper proposes a solution which can better balance the interests of the employer and the employee doctors and their patients. In order to absorb and draw lessons from the relevant criteria to guide the development of non-competitive system of doctors in China. The first chapter mainly introduces the legislation and judicial practice of American doctor non-compete agreement. It is divided into two parts. The first part introduces the current legislation and judicial status of the non-compete agreements for doctors in the United States. The second part mainly analyzes the theoretical basis of the special provisions of the legislation on the non-compete agreements of doctors. In this chapter, through the comparison of state legislation and case comparison, the author describes the legislative and judicial status quo of the prohibition of doctors' competition, and then discusses the legal basis and realistic basis of distinguishing between doctors' competition prohibition from the particularity of doctors' profession. The second chapter mainly discusses the "reasonable standard" of the United States, introduces in detail the specific consideration factors of the "reasonable standard" of the United States, combined with the relevant cases, introduces the specific application of the "reasonable standard" in the prohibition of doctor competition. The third chapter first analyzes the current situation of the legislation and judicature of the non-compete agreement in China, and the application of the legislation and the judicature in the medical profession, and then analyzes the lack of legislation on the non-compete agreement of doctors in our country. Finally, it discusses the reference and absorption of the legislation and judicial practice of American doctors' non-compete agreement in our country. To sum up, the author hopes that through this article, through the analysis of the legislative and judicial attitude of the United States to the non-compete agreement of doctors, and at the same time combining with the "reasonable standards" applied by most states, Through the analysis of the current situation and development of the non-compete agreement of doctors in the United States, and the reasonable analysis of various practices in the legislation and judicial practice of the United States, we can draw lessons from or absorb the relevant systems suitable for the development of the medical profession in our country. In order to guide the healthy development of the medical industry, balance the interests of employers, doctors and patients.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D971.2;DD912.1
本文編號(hào)：2236671
[Abstract]:After a long period of development, the American non-compete system has gradually become a system, which specifies the various judgment criteria, and distinguishes the industry from the non-compete agreement. Doctor non-competition agreement in the United States because of the particularity of the doctor industry in the state to be separately stipulated. In the United States, states generally prohibit a lawyer's non-compete agreement, but there are different attitudes toward a doctor's non-compete agreement. Some states consider the agreement to be null and void, while others impose special restrictions. Most states believe that a "reasonable standard" should be used to judge the effectiveness and enforceability of a doctor's non-compete agreement. In our country, due to the problems of doctors' mobility system and hospital personnel system, the mobility of doctors is greatly restricted, and the cases of doctors' non-competition agreement are even more rare. There are few legislative provisions or academic discussions on the prohibition of competition among doctors. With the development of our country's economy and the improvement of the system of doctors' mobility, more doctors' mobility will inevitably accompany, and the problem of the prohibition of doctors' competition will arise. This paper attempts to explore the different approaches of the American states to the non-compete agreements of doctors from the following three aspects, and to find out the internal reasons why the States in the United States treat lawyers' non-compete agreements differently from doctors' non-compete agreements. On the basis of analyzing and judging the criteria of doctors' non-competition agreement, this paper proposes a solution which can better balance the interests of the employer and the employee doctors and their patients. In order to absorb and draw lessons from the relevant criteria to guide the development of non-competitive system of doctors in China. The first chapter mainly introduces the legislation and judicial practice of American doctor non-compete agreement. It is divided into two parts. The first part introduces the current legislation and judicial status of the non-compete agreements for doctors in the United States. The second part mainly analyzes the theoretical basis of the special provisions of the legislation on the non-compete agreements of doctors. In this chapter, through the comparison of state legislation and case comparison, the author describes the legislative and judicial status quo of the prohibition of doctors' competition, and then discusses the legal basis and realistic basis of distinguishing between doctors' competition prohibition from the particularity of doctors' profession. The second chapter mainly discusses the "reasonable standard" of the United States, introduces in detail the specific consideration factors of the "reasonable standard" of the United States, combined with the relevant cases, introduces the specific application of the "reasonable standard" in the prohibition of doctor competition. The third chapter first analyzes the current situation of the legislation and judicature of the non-compete agreement in China, and the application of the legislation and the judicature in the medical profession, and then analyzes the lack of legislation on the non-compete agreement of doctors in our country. Finally, it discusses the reference and absorption of the legislation and judicial practice of American doctors' non-compete agreement in our country. To sum up, the author hopes that through this article, through the analysis of the legislative and judicial attitude of the United States to the non-compete agreement of doctors, and at the same time combining with the "reasonable standards" applied by most states, Through the analysis of the current situation and development of the non-compete agreement of doctors in the United States, and the reasonable analysis of various practices in the legislation and judicial practice of the United States, we can draw lessons from or absorb the relevant systems suitable for the development of the medical profession in our country. In order to guide the healthy development of the medical industry, balance the interests of employers, doctors and patients.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D971.2;DD912.1
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本文編號(hào)：2236671
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