權利及其正當性問題研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-23 14:21
【摘要】：在當代社會，權利作為道德價值體系的一個重要方面，標志著一個社會的文明程度，同時也作為一種觀念深入人心。社會對人的尊嚴給予尊重，對人的權利積極保障，無不體現著這個社會對人們自身價值的肯定與支持。權利從無到有，從原始的自然權利到現在以社會為基礎的公民權利，權利正在不斷進步，這是人類發(fā)展的必然要求，也是社會發(fā)展不能缺少的。權利最終要以社會為基礎而存在，這是權利的最合理形式。在人類歷史發(fā)展形成的過程里，權利學說的各派之爭從未停止，矛盾也由此產生，而正因為這種紛爭才推動了社會的進步發(fā)展，因此，權利的合法化并使公民受益是權利發(fā)展的必然趨勢。 自有法律以來，權利就是法學理論所要研究的核心，而權利最重要的本質就是權利的正當性。人們尋求自我價值的體現和道德的升華，這必然要求權利要具備正當性的特質，缺少正當性的權利有可能演變?yōu)樘貦嗌踔潦潜┝�。無論從人們產生意識以來所形成的權利還是到現在上升為法律保護的權利，或是權利的道德層面、社會層面（即合理性層面），都必須以“正當”為其基礎，它是權利的價值體現。本文所要討論的，除了最初產生的權利以及各個學派的權利觀之外，重點是在權利的形成發(fā)展過程中，不同的時期對權利的正當性有不同的要求，共同點是權利必須是有益于個人和社會的，也即權利不僅要無害，同時也要被社會承認。一個社會要保證其穩(wěn)定的存在和發(fā)展，就要求公民權利具備正當性。只有這樣的權利，才能更好的發(fā)揮其作用，，強調權利的正當性，能更好的保護權利，同時有助于推動權利的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In contemporary society, rights, as an important aspect of the moral value system, symbolize the degree of civilization of a society, but also as a concept deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. From the beginning of natural rights to the present civil rights based on society, rights are progressing, which is the inevitable requirement of human development and is indispensable to social development. Rights should eventually exist on the basis of society, which is the most reasonable form of rights. Contradictions arise without stopping, and it is precisely because of these disputes that social progress and development is promoted. Therefore, the legitimization of rights and the benefit of citizens is the inevitable trend of the development of rights.
Since the existence of law, right is the core of legal theory, and the most important essence of right is the legitimacy of right. People seek the embodiment of self-value and the sublimation of morality, which necessarily requires the right to have the characteristics of legitimacy, the lack of legitimacy of the right may evolve into rights and even violence. Whether the rights formed since the birth of consciousness have risen to the level of legal protection, or the level of morality and rationality of rights, the social level (that is, the level of rationality) must be based on "legitimacy", which is the embodiment of the value of rights. The point is that in the process of the formation and development of rights, there are different requirements for the legitimacy of rights in different periods. The common point is that rights must be beneficial to individuals and society, that is, rights should not only be harmless, but also be recognized by society. Only in this way can we better play its role, emphasize the legitimacy of rights, better protect rights, and help promote the development of rights.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90
本文編號：2199334
[Abstract]:In contemporary society, rights, as an important aspect of the moral value system, symbolize the degree of civilization of a society, but also as a concept deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. From the beginning of natural rights to the present civil rights based on society, rights are progressing, which is the inevitable requirement of human development and is indispensable to social development. Rights should eventually exist on the basis of society, which is the most reasonable form of rights. Contradictions arise without stopping, and it is precisely because of these disputes that social progress and development is promoted. Therefore, the legitimization of rights and the benefit of citizens is the inevitable trend of the development of rights.
Since the existence of law, right is the core of legal theory, and the most important essence of right is the legitimacy of right. People seek the embodiment of self-value and the sublimation of morality, which necessarily requires the right to have the characteristics of legitimacy, the lack of legitimacy of the right may evolve into rights and even violence. Whether the rights formed since the birth of consciousness have risen to the level of legal protection, or the level of morality and rationality of rights, the social level (that is, the level of rationality) must be based on "legitimacy", which is the embodiment of the value of rights. The point is that in the process of the formation and development of rights, there are different requirements for the legitimacy of rights in different periods. The common point is that rights must be beneficial to individuals and society, that is, rights should not only be harmless, but also be recognized by society. Only in this way can we better play its role, emphasize the legitimacy of rights, better protect rights, and help promote the development of rights.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90
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