【摘要】：在德國,假設承諾是最近十年才出現(xiàn)在聯(lián)邦法院判例中的新事物。它指的是:在醫(yī)事手術上,如果醫(yī)生向病人作了如實的說明,病人也會作出承諾,那醫(yī)生的說明瑕疵不會使得其醫(yī)事手術失去正當性。相對于事實的承諾和推定承諾,假設承諾沒有弱化當事人的自決權。由于病人同意手術的決策以及相應的手術侵犯,并非確切地由說明瑕疵所導致,所以它們兩者之間不存在義務違反性的關聯(lián),進而缺乏可歸屬性。即使醫(yī)生采取了合乎義務的替代性舉止,結果發(fā)生的概率也同樣會達到相當確定的程度。此外,依照"有疑問時,有利于被告人"的原則,亦可得出有利于醫(yī)生的結論。在德國民事判例上,當事醫(yī)生毋需為其說明瑕疵承擔責任,基于統(tǒng)一法秩序的原理,醫(yī)生也不應承擔刑事責任(除非構成未遂)。
[Abstract]:In Germany, the hypothetical promise is something new to the Federal Court's jurisprudence in the last decade. It means that in medical surgery, if a doctor makes a truthful statement to a patient, the patient also makes a promise, and the doctor's flaw does not render his medical operation unjustified. In contrast to factual and presumptive promises, hypothetical commitments do not weaken the parties' right to self-determination. Because the patient agrees to the operation decision and the corresponding operation invasion, it is not exactly caused by the defect of explanation, so there is no relationship between them, and then they lack the attributive attribute. Even if the doctor adopts a responsible alternative behavior, the probability of the outcome will be fairly certain. In addition, in accordance with the principle of "in case of doubt, in favour of the accused", a conclusion may be drawn in favour of the doctor. In German civil law, the doctor is not liable for the defect, nor shall he be criminally liable (unless it constitutes an attempt) on the basis of the principles of the uniform law order.
【作者單位】： 德國奧格斯堡大學法學院;北京大學刑事法治研究中心;
【分類號】：D951.6
，

本文編號：2164524