發(fā)布時間：2018-06-24 02:04

  本文選題：民族精神 + 薩維尼�。� 參考：《廣西師范大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：民族是人類群體存在的最為普遍的形式,在長期的民族共同生活和社會實踐中,會產(chǎn)生為民族大多數(shù)成員所認同和接受的思想觀念、價值取向、心理情感、道德規(guī)范和文化傳統(tǒng),這些因素的總和和延伸便表現(xiàn)出為民族精神,民族精神成為民族生生不息持續(xù)進步的內(nèi)在源力,并對民族的語言、藝術(shù)、宗教以及法律的起源和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生重要的作用和影響。 民族精神作為一個現(xiàn)代話語,其概念最早是由西方學者提出的,是十八世紀的歐洲“精神科學”發(fā)展的理論結(jié)果,也是歐洲民族主義形成過程中的重要成果。因而,在法學領(lǐng)域,維柯、孟德斯鳩、黑格爾以及以薩維尼為代表的歷史法學派對民族精神與法之間的關(guān)系都有過不同角度的理解和分析,提出了各自鮮明的觀點和理論。木文正是基于法的民族精神的歷史考察,從法理學的角度對民族精神與法的互動關(guān)系進行探析和研究,力求明晰法與民族、法與民族精神之間存在的相互作用和影響,通過對民族精神與法的精神、法律文化、法的運行、法律移植的關(guān)系的分析,以求多視角展現(xiàn)法的民族精神的體現(xiàn)和貫徹的手段和過程。進而在論述法的民族精神的一般原理的基礎(chǔ)上,將視角轉(zhuǎn)向中國法,一方面探求中國傳統(tǒng)法的民族精神所具有的內(nèi)涵,強調(diào)中國法的民族性特點；另一方面,探討在當今各民族國家競爭日益加劇的現(xiàn)實環(huán)境中,對如何培育和弘揚當代中國法的民族精神以及如何促進中國法治建設(shè)的問題進行討論。 本文主要分四個部分。 第一部分主要探討了民族精神的一般概念。即從民族以及民族精神歷史發(fā)展的角度,對民族精神概念在十八世紀歐洲誕生的背景、路徑以及各學者對其的解讀進行研究,并分析了當前國內(nèi)對民族精神概念的分歧,表明作為學術(shù)研究的“民族精神”概念和作為教育宣傳的“民族精神”的概念是有所區(qū)別的,為下文關(guān)于法的民族精神的探討做好理論準備。 第二部分是基于法理學的視野展開對民族精神的研究。在西方法學思想中,各個思想家關(guān)于法的民族精神的論述各有特點,但法的民族精神論的集大成者還是歷史法學派代表人薩維尼,其所提出的“法源自民族精神”的觀點沖擊了理性自然法的基礎(chǔ),引導人們關(guān)注對歷史和民族的考察,其理論也為后人所激烈爭辯。在對法的民族精神歷史研究的基礎(chǔ)上,本文粗略總結(jié)了法的民族精神的概念和特點,并試圖擴大民族精神的法理維度,從法的精神等方面對法與民族精神的互動關(guān)系進行探索,以挖掘民族精神的深層次的法理內(nèi)涵。 第三部分是將對法的民族精神的研究本土化,視角轉(zhuǎn)向中國傳統(tǒng)法的民族精神,對中國傳統(tǒng)法所包含和蘊藏的體現(xiàn)中華民族個性的特質(zhì)作理論化的提煉,表明中國傳統(tǒng)法的民族精神表現(xiàn)為自然法精神、宗法倫理精神和刑治精神,以期能為當代中國法的民族精神的培育和弘揚提供有益的借鑒。 第四部分是研究在當前全球化浪潮中,我國不僅要培育和弘揚以愛國主義的民族精神,還要構(gòu)筑中華民族法治精神,這是揚棄傳統(tǒng)法的民族精神的需要,也是引導民眾樹立法治精神,推進我國法治現(xiàn)代化進程,提升國際競爭力的必要。 總之,本文以文獻參考和研究為主要方法,對法理視野中的民族精神作了歷史的、比較的、民族的分析,表明法與民族精神的互動關(guān)系不僅僅局限于法的本體論一方面,法的精神、法律文化的進步也需要民族精神的參與；也表明民族精神的培育和弘揚也不限于愛國主義,民族法治精神也是當代社會在追求經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和文明進步中所必須構(gòu)建的因素。
[Abstract]:The nation is the most common form of the existence of the human population . In the long - term national common life and social practice , it will produce the ideology , value orientation , psychological emotion , moral norm and cultural tradition which are accepted and accepted by most members of the nation . The sum and extension of these factors appear as the inner source of the sustained progress of the nation ' s life and life , and play an important role and influence on the national language , art , religion and the origin and development of the law .

As a modern discourse , the concept of the national spirit is first put forward by western scholars . It is the theoretical result of the development of the spirit science in the eighteenth century , and it is also the important achievement in the process of European nationalism .
On the other hand , we discuss how to cultivate and carry forward the national spirit of contemporary Chinese law and how to promote the construction of the rule of law in China .

This paper is divided into four parts .

The first part mainly discusses the general concept of national spirit .

The second part is the study of the national spirit based on the view of jurisprudence . In the western legal thought , each thinker ' s discourse on the national spirit of the law is different , but the idea of the national spirit of the law is the basis of the historical law school representative . The theory of the " law derived from the national spirit " , which is based on the historical research of the national spirit of the law , gives a rough summary of the concept and characteristics of the national spirit of the law , and attempts to expand the legal dimension of the national spirit , and explore the interaction between the law and the national spirit in terms of the spirit of the law and so on , so as to excavate the deep legal connotation of the national spirit .

The third part is to study the national spirit of the law , and turn the angle of view to the national spirit of Chinese traditional law . It shows that the national spirit of Chinese traditional law embodies the spirit of natural law , the spirit of patriarchal ethics and the spirit of criminal punishment , so as to provide beneficial reference for the cultivation and promotion of the national spirit of contemporary Chinese law .

The fourth part is that in the current wave of globalization , China will not only cultivate and carry forward the national spirit of patriotism , but also construct the spirit of the rule of law of the Chinese nation . This is the need to abandon the national spirit of the traditional law , and it is necessary to guide the people to establish the spirit of the rule of law , advance the process of modernization of the rule of law in our country and promote the international competitiveness .

In short , the article takes the literature reference and the research as the main method , makes a historical , comparative and national analysis of the national spirit in the field of jurisprudence , shows that the interaction between law and national spirit is not limited to the ontology aspect of law , the spirit of law , the progress of legal culture also needs the participation of national spirit ;
It also shows that the cultivation and promotion of the national spirit is not limited to patriotism , the spirit of the national rule of law is also the factor that the contemporary society must construct in the pursuit of economic development and civilization progress .
【學位授予單位】：廣西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D90

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本文編號：2059491