本文選題：程序控權(quán) + 正當(dāng)法律程序�。� 參考：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：權(quán)力從一產(chǎn)生就具有鮮明的二重性,它既能給國家、社會(huì)和人民帶來利益和好處,但同時(shí)也有可能帶來災(zāi)難與毀滅,是名副其實(shí)的雙刃劍。擴(kuò)張性、腐蝕性和破壞性是權(quán)力的本性,而且正是由于權(quán)力的這些固有缺陷,為限制權(quán)力提供了根據(jù)。就對權(quán)力的限制而言一般存在兩種形式,一種是實(shí)體控權(quán),即通過合理分權(quán)的權(quán)力結(jié)構(gòu)體系或憲政體制,來實(shí)現(xiàn)對權(quán)力的控制,另一種是程序控權(quán)。由注重對權(quán)限和責(zé)任等實(shí)體方面的約束,也就是實(shí)體控權(quán),向更加關(guān)注程序性制約的傾向性變化,是現(xiàn)代法治國家在權(quán)力制約機(jī)制上的一大趨勢。 正當(dāng)法律程序原則是程序控權(quán)的精髓,它最早起源于英國,但真正將其發(fā)揚(yáng)光大并傳播于世界的卻是美國。它將正當(dāng)法律程序分為程序性的和實(shí)質(zhì)性的,其中程序性正當(dāng)法律程序?qū)彶檎谧鞒鰟儕Z個(gè)人生命、自由或財(cái)產(chǎn)行為時(shí)所遵守的程序,而實(shí)質(zhì)性正當(dāng)法律程序則涉及政府政策法令內(nèi)容的合理性問題。 從傳統(tǒng)上講,我國是一個(gè)典型的德治國家,長期以來實(shí)體真實(shí)主義一直在司法中居于統(tǒng)治地位。它與幾千年來我國封建社會(huì)所形成的傳統(tǒng)價(jià)值觀念和法律文化密切相關(guān)。加上近代以來,我國實(shí)行政府推進(jìn)型的法治發(fā)展模式,雖然取得了豐碩的成果但是也帶來了一定的弊端,其直接的后果就是使得公權(quán)力過于強(qiáng)大,國家權(quán)力與公民權(quán)利之間的關(guān)系不平衡,崇拜權(quán)力的觀念異常強(qiáng)烈,對公民個(gè)人權(quán)利保護(hù),無論從廣度還是從力度上講,都是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。因此,在我國構(gòu)建具有中國特色的程序控權(quán)模式,發(fā)揮程序在控制權(quán)力方面的功能和作用,則顯得尤為重要了。 程序控權(quán)閃耀著西方法治傳統(tǒng)和精神的光輝,它所體現(xiàn)的對人的尊嚴(yán)、權(quán)利、價(jià)值的終極關(guān)懷,是人類法治文明的重要成果。西方國家在程序控權(quán)方面的發(fā)展成果及經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),對我國建設(shè)社會(huì)主義法治國家有極其重要的意義。我國程序控權(quán)的路徑可以從以下幾個(gè)方面探索:首先,確立程序控權(quán)的理念是實(shí)現(xiàn)程序控權(quán)之前提,其次,將正當(dāng)法律程序原則入憲是確立程序控權(quán)之基礎(chǔ),再次,改革、完善我國現(xiàn)有的程序法律制度與規(guī)則是實(shí)現(xiàn)程序控權(quán)之保障,最后,強(qiáng)化個(gè)人權(quán)利保障是實(shí)現(xiàn)程序控權(quán)之核心。
[Abstract]:Power has a distinct duality since it came into being. It can not only bring benefits and benefits to the country, society and people, but also bring disaster and destruction. It is a double-edged sword worthy of the name. Expansibility, corrosiveness and destruction are the nature of power, and it is these inherent defects of power that provide the basis for restricting power. There are generally two forms for the restriction of power, one is substantive control, that is, through a reasonable power structure system or constitutional system to achieve the control of power, the other is procedural control. It is a trend of the modern country ruled by law to focus on the restriction of authority and responsibility, that is to say, the entity controls the power, to pay more attention to the change of the tendency of the procedural restriction, which is the main trend of the power restriction mechanism of the modern country ruled by law. The principle of due process is the essence of the right of procedural control. It originated in England, but it was the United States that really carried it forward and spread it to the world. It divides due process of law into procedural and substantive, in which procedural due process of law reviews the procedure followed by the Government in the commission of acts of deprivation of life, liberty or property, However, the substantive and due process of law involves the rationality of the contents of government policies and decrees. Traditionally speaking, our country is a typical country ruled by morality. For a long time, entity truthism has been dominating in the judicature. It is closely related to the traditional values and legal culture formed by feudal society in China for thousands of years. In addition, since modern times, our country has implemented the development model of the rule of law promoted by the government. Although it has achieved fruitful results, it has also brought some drawbacks. Its direct consequence is that the public power is too strong. The relationship between state power and civil rights is unbalanced, the concept of worshiping power is extremely strong, and it is far from enough to protect the individual rights of citizens in terms of both breadth and intensity. Therefore, it is very important to construct the program control mode with Chinese characteristics in our country, and to exert the function and function of procedure in controlling power. The procedural control right shines with the western tradition and spirit of rule of law, which embodies the ultimate concern for human dignity, right and value, and is an important achievement of the civilization of human rule of law. The development achievements and experiences of western countries in the aspect of controlling the right of procedure are of great significance to the construction of a socialist country ruled by law. The path of procedural control in our country can be explored from the following aspects: first, establishing the concept of procedural control is the premise of realizing procedural control; secondly, introducing the principle of due process into the constitution is the basis of establishing procedural control. Perfecting the existing legal system and rules of procedure is the guarantee to realize the right of procedural control. Finally, strengthening the protection of individual rights is the core of realizing the right of procedural control.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

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