本文選題：外國語言文字 + 國家主權(quán)��； 參考：《華東政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：一直以來語言規(guī)劃者和決策者都只是把漢語（包括其方言）與少數(shù)民族語言作為我國語言規(guī)劃的對象。但改革開放之后，隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會的飛速發(fā)展，外語水平受到越來越多的重視，外國語言文字在中國的使用量劇增，同時(shí)也產(chǎn)生了諸多問題，這都引發(fā)了語言學(xué)界的廣泛關(guān)注與爭論。但實(shí)際上外國語言文字的使用涉及眾多的法律問題，可非常遺憾的是法學(xué)界在此方面的研究還相當(dāng)有限，未對外國語言文字使用涉及的法律問題進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)了解與深入研究，因此對其進(jìn)行探究將具有很好的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義與研究價(jià)值。 本文由導(dǎo)言、三個主要章節(jié)和結(jié)語組成。 第一章是對目前外國語言文字使用的立法現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行梳理�！秶彝ㄓ谜Z言文字法》作為語言文字方面的專門立法對外國語言文字的使用僅做了原則性規(guī)定，而絕大多數(shù)的相關(guān)規(guī)定都零散地分布于各法律、法規(guī)、規(guī)章及其他規(guī)范性文件中。筆者對此進(jìn)行了一定的歸納，將其分為公務(wù)用字用語類、地名規(guī)范類、安全警示類、產(chǎn)品標(biāo)識類、企業(yè)名稱類、公共設(shè)施服務(wù)類這六大類，力求通過這樣的梳理對目前的立法現(xiàn)狀有一個大致的了解與認(rèn)識，并在此基礎(chǔ)上揭示目前所暴露出的缺乏系統(tǒng)規(guī)范及規(guī)范之間相互沖突這兩方面的問題。 第二章是對外國語言文字使用的情形進(jìn)行討論。通過重點(diǎn)分析地名拼寫標(biāo)準(zhǔn)問題，揭示出國家主權(quán)與語言文字使用的密切關(guān)系及哪些不得使用外國語言文字的情形。同時(shí)針對上海加緊制定公共場所外國語言文字使用管理規(guī)定這一情況進(jìn)行一定的分析。之后就目前地方政府部門出臺的對公民外語能力提出要求，并直接影響其上崗條件的規(guī)定進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析，明確法律與政府對外國語言文字使用進(jìn)行調(diào)整與干預(yù)的界限。 第三章對目前地方政府出臺的外國語言文字譯寫規(guī)范的性質(zhì)進(jìn)行界定，，由于政府出臺這些譯寫規(guī)范的行為屬于行政指導(dǎo)行為，因此不具有強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行力，從而揭示出目前地方政府不當(dāng)?shù)男姓芾矸绞郊皩褡杂膳c權(quán)利的侵犯。最后就外國語言文字使用過程中出現(xiàn)的不規(guī)范現(xiàn)象如何進(jìn)行監(jiān)管表達(dá)了筆者的看法。
[Abstract]:For a long time, language planners and decision-makers only regard Chinese (including their dialects) and minority languages as the objects of language planning in China. But after the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, more and more attention has been paid to the level of foreign languages. The use of foreign languages and characters in China has increased dramatically, and at the same time, many problems have arisen. All this has aroused widespread concern and controversy in the field of linguistics. However, in fact, the use of foreign languages and characters involves many legal issues. Unfortunately, the study on this aspect of the legal community is still quite limited, and there is no systematic understanding and in-depth study of the legal issues involved in the use of foreign languages and characters. Therefore, it will have a good practical significance and research value. This article consists of an introduction, three main chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter is to sort out the current situation of the legislation on the use of foreign languages and characters. As a special legislation on the use of foreign languages and characters, the National General language and characters Law provides only in principle the use of foreign languages and characters. The vast majority of the relevant provisions are scattered in the laws, regulations, regulations and other normative documents. The author sums up this problem and divides it into six categories: official word category, place name specification class, safety warning class, product identification class, enterprise name class, public facilities service class. The author tries to have a general understanding and understanding of the current legislative situation through such a sort of arrangement, and on this basis reveals the two problems of the lack of systematic norms and the conflict between them. The second chapter discusses the use of foreign languages and characters. By analyzing the spelling standard of geographical names, this paper reveals the close relationship between national sovereignty and the use of language and characters and the situations in which foreign languages and characters are not allowed to be used. At the same time, this paper analyzes the situation that Shanghai has stepped up the regulations on the use of foreign languages and characters in public places. After that, the author makes a detailed analysis of the requirements of the current local government departments on the foreign language ability of citizens and the provisions that directly affect their employment conditions, and clarifies the limits of the adjustment and intervention between the law and the government in the use of foreign languages and characters. The third chapter defines the nature of the translation and writing norms of foreign languages issued by local governments at present. Because the acts of the government issuing these translation and writing norms are administrative guidance acts, they do not have the enforcement power. It reveals the improper administration way of local government and the infringement of civil liberties and rights. Finally, I express my opinion on how to regulate the nonstandard phenomenon in the process of using foreign languages and characters.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D90-055

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