本文選題：漢代法制 + 春秋決獄　； 參考：《天津師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在經(jīng)過了夏、商、周,又走過了春秋戰(zhàn)國以及秦朝之后,中國歷史進入了西漢時期,在這一時期,法律與社會道德相互沖突,為了解決這種沖突,儒家學(xué)派的董仲舒提出了春秋決獄,將儒家倡導(dǎo)的道德融入法律之中,不僅進一步的將儒家思想滲透到民眾的思想意識里,而且還滿足了統(tǒng)治者的統(tǒng)治需要,這是順應(yīng)歷史發(fā)展的大潮流,符合當(dāng)時社會要求的。春秋決獄,又被稱為經(jīng)義決獄,是漢代時期的一種斷案方式,是指當(dāng)時的官吏依據(jù)儒家的經(jīng)典著作《春秋》以及其他儒家經(jīng)典的主要精神和相關(guān)記載來處理司法問題,它的主要原則是“親親得相首匿”與“原心定罪”,也就是“親屬間應(yīng)該互相幫助隱匿罪行”與“依據(jù)行為人的行為時的心里善惡來定罪”的意思。對于春秋決獄,法學(xué)界的評價可謂褒貶不一,有肯定也有否定,它引道德入法雖然是順應(yīng)歷史發(fā)展的,但也存在著一定的弊端,例如,導(dǎo)致后來道德一直干擾法律的公平、公正。在一定程度上春秋決獄與漢朝法律中的“比”有著相似處,對法律具有補充作用,也對斷案者的審判有指導(dǎo)作用。它對漢代以及后世的影響是不可忽視的,促使了法律儒家化,賦予了斷案者一定的自由裁量權(quán),并且重視依據(jù)犯罪行為人的主觀心理的善惡來定罪,最不容忽略的是它給予了我們很多法律啟示,對于我們的法治建設(shè)具有很重要的意義。
[Abstract]:After summer, Shang, Zhou, Spring and Autumn and warring States, and Qin Dynasty, Chinese history entered the Western Han Dynasty, during which law and social morality conflicted, in order to resolve this conflict. Dong Zhongshu of the Confucian School proposed the Spring and Autumn period decision to integrate the Confucian morality into the law, which not only further infiltrated the Confucian ideology into the people's ideological consciousness, but also satisfied the ruling needs of the rulers. This is in line with the great trend of historical development, in line with the requirements of society at that time. The decision of the Spring and Autumn period, also known as Jingyi, is a way of handling cases in the Han Dynasty. It means that officials at that time dealt with judicial issues according to the main spirit and relevant records of the Confucian classics "Spring and Autumn" and other Confucian classics. Its main principle is that "the relatives should help each other to conceal the crime" and "the conviction of the original heart" and "according to the good and evil in the heart of the behavior of the perpetrator". For the Chunqiu prison decision, the evaluation of the law circles can be described as mixed, positive and negative. Although the introduction of morality into the law conforms to the historical development, it also has some drawbacks. For example, it has led to the subsequent moral interference with the fairness of the law. Justice. To a certain extent, the decision of prison in the Spring and Autumn period is similar to the "Bi" in the law of the Han Dynasty, which is complementary to the law and has a guiding role in the trial of the adjudicators. Its influence on the Han Dynasty and later generations can not be ignored, it promotes the Confucianization of the law, endows the adjudicators with certain discretion, and attaches importance to the conviction based on the subjective psychological good and evil of the perpetrators. The most important thing is that it gives us a lot of legal enlightenment, which is of great significance to the construction of our rule of law.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D929;D924

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