發(fā)布時間：2018-04-10 20:46

  本文選題：馬克思 + 法制思想　； 參考：《遼寧大學》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：馬克思主義法制理論是馬克思主義理論的重要組成部分,它是同馬克思主義理論同步運行的。馬克思作為馬克思主義理論的創(chuàng)始人之一,他的法制思想不僅為人類認識世界和改造世界提供了強大的思想工具,也對我國社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設具有指引和導向的作用。 本文以馬克思的法制思想為主要研究對象,總結(jié)馬克思法制思想的主要內(nèi)涵,并揭示其對我國的法制建設起到的指導作用。研究馬克思法制思想的第一步,就是分析馬克思法制思想的來源及實質(zhì),探究馬克思法制思想的淵源,理清馬克思法制思想產(chǎn)生的歷史與時代背景。馬克思的法制思想是在批判地繼承了德國古典哲學家康德、費希特等人的理性理想主義法制觀、黑格爾的理性現(xiàn)實主義法制觀以及費爾巴哈的人本主義法制觀的基礎之上逐漸形成的。這些思想集中體現(xiàn)在馬克思的《黑格爾法哲學批判導言》以及《德意志意識形態(tài)》等著作當中。而在馬克思青年時期,也就是19世紀中期,正是歐洲大革命風起云涌的時期。在這樣的革命大背景下,馬克思發(fā)現(xiàn)了資產(chǎn)階級法制對人類剝削的本質(zhì),社會革命和階級斗爭強烈需要法制的保障與支持。特別是無產(chǎn)階級第一次建立政權(quán)---巴黎公社運動的實踐,為馬克思的法制思想提供了強有力的實踐基礎。馬克思的法制思想正是在理論與實踐的基礎上完成了其內(nèi)涵及外延,得出法制是根源于社會物質(zhì)生活關系的實質(zhì)。并揭示了法制對于階級統(tǒng)治的工具性以及法制的政治職能和社會公共職能。 馬克思生活在資產(chǎn)階級統(tǒng)治的社會,對于資產(chǎn)階級法制的本質(zhì)有著較為深刻的理解。他在許多文章中都對資產(chǎn)階級法制進行了深刻的分析與批判,本文分析并總結(jié)馬克思的這些文章,試圖揭露資產(chǎn)階級普選權(quán)的實質(zhì)、三權(quán)分立的實質(zhì)和矛盾;分析資產(chǎn)階級憲法的虛偽性與實質(zhì)的不平等性;并對資產(chǎn)階級的司法制度的不合理性也進行了深刻的揭露,如資產(chǎn)階級的司法和陪審法庭的壓迫性、資產(chǎn)階級懲罰制度的野蠻性等。馬克思通過對資產(chǎn)階級法制的分析與批判,為實現(xiàn)無產(chǎn)階級和全人類的真正解放,他對社會主義法制進行了一定的探索。明確的提出了建立社會主義法制的前提條件,即工人階級要使自己成為統(tǒng)治階級、社會主義社會要廢除舊的所有權(quán)關系、必須摧毀舊的法制體系。并以法制的工具性為基礎,提出社會主義法制對于建立無產(chǎn)階級專政以及社會主義建設的強大作用。社會主義法制具有其政治職能、經(jīng)濟改造及文化教育職能,而且社會主義法制與社會主義民主是高度統(tǒng)一的。在實踐上,社會主義法制的建立,需要堅持人民當家作主、需要堅持社會主義基本經(jīng)濟制度、需要社會的穩(wěn)定、和諧與發(fā)展。當今世界各國都把法制放在越來越重要的位置,我國這些年也加快了法制建設的步伐。本文的最后一章,著重討論了馬克思的法制思想對于我國建設中國特色社會主義法制理論以及我國社會主義法制的建設都具有怎樣重要的指導意義。 本文通過歷史主義研究方法、階級分析研究方法、科學抽象與文獻研究相結(jié)合方法等研究方法,閱讀大量的馬克思著作,總結(jié)并分析出馬克思法制思想的內(nèi)涵,揭示出其對于我國建設具有中國特色社會主義法制理論以及法制建設的指導意義。
[Abstract]:The Marx doctrine legal theory is an important part of Marx theory, it is with Marx's theory of synchronous operation. Marx as one of the founder of Marx theory, his legal thought is not only the human understanding and transforming the world provides a powerful ideological tool, but also can direct the construction of socialist modernization.
Based on the legal thought of Marx as the main research object, mainly summarizes the connotation of Marx's legal thought, and reveal the legal construction of our country has played a guiding role. The first step is to study Marx's legal thought, is to analyze the source and essence of Marx's legal system thought, explore the origin of Marx's legal system thought, clarify the history and background of the times Marx's legal thought. Marx's legal thought is critically inheriting the German classical philosopher Kant, the rational idealism legal concept of Fichte et al., Hagel's rational realism legal concept and on the basis of Feuerbach's humanistic view of the legal system gradually formed. These ideas are embodied in Marx's "Hagel's philosophy of law a critical introduction of German Ideology > > and < and other works. In the period of Marx's youth, is the middle of nineteenth Century, is Is the European Revolution period. In the revolution raging like a storm this background, Marx discovered the bourgeois legal nature of human exploitation, social revolution and class struggle need legal protection and support. Especially the practice for the first time to establish a regime - the Paris commune movement, provide a practical basis for strong legal thought Marx. Marx's legal thought is its connotation and extension on the basis of theory and practice, the legal system is rooted in the relationship between the essence of social material life. And reveals the rule of law for the ruling tool and method of political function and social public functions.
Marx lives in the rule of the bourgeoisie society, has a more profound understanding of the essence of the bourgeois legal system. He in the law system of bourgeoisie made profound analysis and criticism, this paper analyzes and summarizes Marx's articles, trying to uncover the essence of the bourgeois universal suffrage, the essence and the contradiction between the three right discrete; hypocrisy and essence of inequality analysis of bourgeois constitution; the irrationality of the bourgeoisie and the judicial system are revealed, such as the oppression of the bourgeoisie and the judicial court jury, the bourgeoisie the wildness of the punishment system. Marx through the analysis and criticism of the bourgeoisie the legal system, in order to achieve the liberation of people all over the world, he made some exploration to the socialist legal system. Put forward a clear premise to establish the socialist legal system, i.e. The working class to become the ruling class, the socialist society must abolish the old ownership, must destroy the old legal system. And the instrumental method as the foundation, put forward the socialist legal system for the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat and socialist construction of the powerful role. The socialist legal system has its political function, economic transformation and cultural and educational functions, and the socialist legal system and socialist democracy is highly unified. In practice, the establishment of the socialist legal system, adhere to the needs of people in power, the need to adhere to the basic socialist economic system, social stability, harmony and development. All the countries in the world put the law system in the increasingly important position in our country in recent years has also accelerated the construction of legal system the pace. The last chapter of this paper, mainly discusses Marx's thought of legal system for China's construction of social Chinese characteristics The theory of the doctrine of the rule of law and the construction of our socialist legal system all have important guiding significance.
This article through historical research methods, research methods of class analysis, scientific abstract and combining literature research method and so on, reading a lot of Marx's works, summarizes and analyzes the connotation of Marx's legal thought, reveals its China characteristics of the legal system of socialism guiding significance for the construction of our country.

【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：A811.6;D909.1

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前4條

1 秦國榮;市民社會、政治國家與法律發(fā)展：馬克思的思想概覽[D];南京師范大學;2003年

2 曹峰旗;馬克思恩格斯關于資本主義政治制度的批判理論研究[D];蘇州大學;2005年

3 劉和清;法與人類解放：馬克思法制觀與當代中國法制建設[D];吉林大學;2009年

4 楊暉;中國特色社會主義法律體系形成軌跡研究[D];河北師范大學;2009年

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本文編號：1732844