本文選題：特赦制度　切入點(diǎn)：憲政　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：特赦制度歷經(jīng)時(shí)代的變遷幸存至今，足以顯示其存在的價(jià)值性和合理性。特赦制度作為古代帝王的一項(xiàng)特權(quán)，是君主權(quán)力的象征。在現(xiàn)代法治社會(huì)，特赦制度已被世界上多數(shù)國家以立法方式確定下來，為了政治方面的或矯正個(gè)案非正義的需要，由國家元首或?qū)ｉT的赦免機(jī)構(gòu)作出的，對(duì)相對(duì)特定的單個(gè)犯罪人或犯有某一類罪行的多個(gè)犯罪人所實(shí)施的，具有全部或部分免除其刑罰執(zhí)行效果的制度。 時(shí)至今日，特赦制度在我國已被塵封多年，本文通過對(duì)特赦制度的歷史沿革、特赦實(shí)踐、法理依據(jù)、適用原則等方面的闡述和分析，提出特赦制度個(gè)案啟動(dòng)的適用原則，并對(duì)現(xiàn)行有關(guān)法律加以修正和補(bǔ)充的建議，希望國家和社會(huì)能正視特赦制度的獨(dú)特價(jià)值和應(yīng)有價(jià)值。 本文除了引言、結(jié)語外，包括四大部分。 第一部分，主要通過對(duì)媒體熱論的“牛玉強(qiáng)案件”加以分析，指出牛玉強(qiáng)案在判決和執(zhí)行過程中存在的不公正問題，這種不公正在現(xiàn)有制度救濟(jì)體制下是得不到解決的，筆者認(rèn)為，可以考慮通過對(duì)牛玉強(qiáng)予以特赦的辦法來解決法律的修改所產(chǎn)生的個(gè)案的不公正問題。 第二部分，通過對(duì)古今中外特赦制度實(shí)踐的比較與分析，得出特赦制度所體現(xiàn)的獨(dú)特價(jià)值及其法理依據(jù)，即特赦制度在不同的歷史時(shí)期，在不同的政治情勢下，其所彰顯的價(jià)值功能是不同的。 第三部分，通過對(duì)當(dāng)代中國語境下特赦制度正當(dāng)性的法理依據(jù)分析，闡述特赦制度的本質(zhì)即是基于寬容而對(duì)犯罪人作出的免除其刑罰執(zhí)行的制度，特赦制度是一種寬容化的制度形態(tài)。其次，特赦制度的存在與當(dāng)今法治社會(huì)所倡導(dǎo)的人權(quán)、憲政、自由、法治等價(jià)值理念有緊密的聯(lián)系，特赦制度是對(duì)現(xiàn)代法治體系下人權(quán)的保障，，是對(duì)司法權(quán)的制約，是對(duì)現(xiàn)行法治不足的有效補(bǔ)充。 第四部分，針對(duì)我國目前對(duì)特赦制度的立法與適用方面存在的問題加以分析，明確特赦制度個(gè)案啟動(dòng)的適用原則，提出有必要對(duì)現(xiàn)今有關(guān)特赦制度的相關(guān)立法加以補(bǔ)充與完善，更好地實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)正義。
[Abstract]:The amnesty system has survived the changes of the times, which shows the value and rationality of its existence.As a privilege of ancient emperors, amnesty system is the symbol of monarchy.In a modern society governed by the rule of law, the amnesty system has been established by legislation in most countries of the world, made by the head of State or a specialized amnesty body for the sake of politics or the need to redress the injustice of individual cases.A system that is relatively specific to a single offender or more than one of the perpetrators of a certain type of crime and has the effect of exempting in whole or in part the execution of the penalty.Today, the amnesty system has been dusty in our country for many years. This paper, through expounding and analyzing the history, practice, legal basis and applicable principle of the amnesty system, puts forward the applicable principles for the initiation of the amnesty system in individual cases.It is hoped that the state and society will face up to the unique value and due value of the amnesty system.In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper includes four parts.In the first part, through the analysis of Niu Yuqiang case, the author points out that the unjust problem in the judgment and execution of Niu Yuqiang case can not be solved under the existing system relief system.The author thinks that we can solve the problem of injustice caused by the amendment of the law by granting amnesty to Niu Yuqiang.The second part, through the comparison and analysis of the practice of amnesty system in ancient and modern China and abroad, draws the unique value and legal basis of amnesty system, that is, amnesty system in different historical periods, under different political circumstances.Its value function is different.The third part, by analyzing the legal basis of the legitimacy of amnesty system in contemporary Chinese context, expounds that the essence of amnesty system is the system of exempting the criminal from the execution of punishment based on tolerance.The amnesty system is a tolerant system form.Secondly, the existence of amnesty system is closely related to the values of human rights, constitutionalism, freedom and rule of law advocated by the society of rule of law. The amnesty system is the guarantee of human rights under the modern legal system and the restriction of judicial power.It is an effective supplement to the current rule of law.In the fourth part, according to the problems existing in the legislation and application of the amnesty system in our country, the author makes clear the applicable principles of the amnesty system, and points out that it is necessary to supplement and perfect the relevant legislation on the amnesty system.Better achieve social justice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D920.0

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