本文選題：理性　切入點：自生自發(fā)秩序　出處：《湖南大學》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：自由是人類追求的終極理想，而法治是在各種方式經(jīng)過角逐后人類選擇實現(xiàn)理想的最佳方式。在西方法哲學史上，對法治的關(guān)注由來已久，取得了不少成績。但其中結(jié)合自由和法治，以其不同一般的理論體系來研究法治的唯有哈耶克。哈耶克吸取了奧地利學派和古典自由主義的思想，以無知的知識觀和有限理性為邏輯起點，建立在對建構(gòu)理性主義的批判之上，提出了其獨特的進化論理性主義，而進化論理性主義演化的產(chǎn)物便是作為哈耶克整個理論基礎(chǔ)的自生自發(fā)秩序，哈耶克結(jié)合“個人”私域論證了自生自發(fā)秩序較一般秩序?qū)ψ杂芍娴膬?yōu)越性。接著哈耶克在確立“規(guī)則”范式的前提下，將自生自發(fā)秩序引入了社會范疇而闡發(fā)了其“文化進化”的命題，，同時在“自然和人為”的錯誤劃分上論證了社會進化一元觀的謬誤，闡述了社會進化二元規(guī)則，并在對法律實證主義批判的基礎(chǔ)上，而最終為其法治思想的生成提供了內(nèi)在的理路。然而，哈耶克的法治思想在20世紀60年代后發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)換，從原本信奉的“法典化”法治觀轉(zhuǎn)換為“普通法”法治觀，在總結(jié)這兩種不同法治觀和分析其轉(zhuǎn)換的原因后，我們洞見到哈耶克法治思想的大體框架和基本內(nèi)容。同時，正因為哈耶克法治思想的獨創(chuàng)性和對傳統(tǒng)觀點的叛逆，從一開始提出來就遭到學者們批判性的關(guān)注，但是卻無法撼動其作為20世紀新自由主義思潮代表人物的地位。在我國法治建設(shè)的關(guān)鍵時刻，研究和借鑒哈耶克的法治思想，不僅為我國的法治建設(shè)提供獨特理論視角，更重要的是對我國法治建設(shè)特別是司法改革具有啟示意義。
[Abstract]:Freedom is the ultimate ideal pursued by human beings, and the rule of law is the best way for human beings to realize their ideals after various means of competition. In the history of western philosophy of law, attention to the rule of law has been around for a long time. But the only way to study the rule of law by combining freedom and the rule of law with its different general theoretical system is that Hayek Hayek absorbed the Austrian school and classical liberalism. Taking the ignorant view of knowledge and limited rationality as the logical starting point and based on the criticism of the constructive rationalism, this paper puts forward its unique evolutionary rationalism. And the product of evolution of Evolutionism is the spontaneous order, which is the basis of Hayek's whole theory. Hayek demonstrates the superiority of spontaneous order over general order in the private sphere of "individual". Then Hayek establishes the paradigm of "rules". This paper introduces the spontaneous order into the social category and expounds its proposition of "cultural evolution". At the same time, it demonstrates the fallacy of the unitary view of social evolution in the wrong division of "nature and man", and expounds the dualistic rules of social evolution. And on the basis of criticizing the positivism of law, it finally provides an internal rational way for the formation of his thoughts on the rule of law. However, Hayek's thought on the rule of law changed after 1960s. After summing up the two different views on the rule of law and analyzing the reasons for their transformation, we can see the general framework and basic contents of Hayek's thoughts on the rule of law. It was precisely because of Hayek's originality in the rule of law and his rebellion against traditional views that from the very beginning he was critically concerned by scholars. However, it can not shake its status as a representative figure of neoliberal trend of thought in 20th century. At the critical moment of the construction of rule of law in China, studying and drawing lessons from Hayek's thought of rule of law not only provides a unique theoretical perspective for the construction of rule of law in our country. What is more important is to our country rule of law construction, especially the judicial reform has the enlightenment significance.
【學位授予單位】：湖南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D909.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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