本文選題：民國　切入點(diǎn)：女性　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國女性并非自始即享有財產(chǎn)權(quán)利,民國時期的女性們由為家長之附庸到一步步獲得對自身財產(chǎn)的排他所有,歷經(jīng)了近代史上罕見的壯烈斗爭。本文既從民事靜態(tài)法律入手,又從司法裁判角度展現(xiàn)了民國女性財產(chǎn)權(quán)利的變化過程,且分析了發(fā)生變化的原因,冀望可以領(lǐng)悟到對當(dāng)今女性財產(chǎn)立法及司法實踐有益的歷史經(jīng)驗。 本文被分為六個部分: 第一部分:前言。介紹了本文選題的實際意義、理論意義和資料收集情況,就國內(nèi)外相關(guān)課題的研究成果做了簡要概括,接著闡述了本文的研究思路和研究方法,并分析了寫作過程中可能遇到的創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。 第二部分:女性財產(chǎn)制度的相關(guān)基礎(chǔ)理論。介紹了相關(guān)民事法源,乃以民事制定法、判例和解釋例為主;分析了架構(gòu)中國傳統(tǒng)女性財產(chǎn)制度的支撐——家屬主義、同居共財制度、宗祧繼承制度;又闡述了民國民法對財產(chǎn)的法律結(jié)構(gòu)所做的改造,包括對親族的重新定義、對財產(chǎn)的重新定義、財產(chǎn)繼承的獨(dú)立。 第三部分:女兒的財產(chǎn)權(quán)利。分別從民初時期女兒受限的財產(chǎn)承受權(quán)、1927—1931年最高法院對女兒繼承權(quán)的抵制、1931年以后女兒獲得法定繼承權(quán)這三個連續(xù)的歷史時期中女兒財產(chǎn)權(quán)利的實際樣態(tài),展現(xiàn)了女兒逐漸獲得與男兒平等財產(chǎn)權(quán)利的過程,但與此同時女兒們?nèi)匀徊荒軘[脫相當(dāng)部分民間慣行對其權(quán)利的潛在限制。 第四部分:妻的財產(chǎn)權(quán)利。首先從以聯(lián)合財產(chǎn)制為主的民國夫妻財產(chǎn)制度的成型,分析了妻的法定財產(chǎn)制名不副實;接著介紹了妻由承夫分權(quán)到名正言順的財產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)的變化,但實際上民國民法并未賦予她們其所聲稱的那樣多的權(quán)利。 第五部分:妾的財產(chǎn)權(quán)利。筆者首先選取民初時期妾享有遺贈受領(lǐng)權(quán)和對于過錯損害賠償?shù)恼埱髾?quán)兩方面,獨(dú)辟財產(chǎn)權(quán)利方面妻不如妾的蹊徑;其后針對妾的受養(yǎng)贍權(quán),分別探討其于民初和南京國民時期的表現(xiàn),亦得出民國民法并未發(fā)揮出有如其宣揚(yáng)的助益的結(jié)論。 第六部分:民國時期女性財產(chǎn)權(quán)利發(fā)生變化的原因及評價。首先從政治因素、法律近代化和婦女解放運(yùn)動的影響三方面介紹了原因;接著分別對大理院時期和最高法院時期,均以變中求存的方式立法和司法兩個層面做出評價,認(rèn)識到法律的近現(xiàn)代化乃是融合繼受性法文化、揚(yáng)棄傳統(tǒng)性法文化、創(chuàng)新時代性法文化的多重過程,法律的進(jìn)化仍需要立法者、司法者乃至一般國民的深刻思考。
[Abstract]:Chinese women do not enjoy property rights from the beginning. In the period of the Republic of China, the women from the vassal of the parents to the gradual acquisition of exclusive ownership of their own property have experienced a feisty struggle rarely seen in modern history. This article begins with the civil static law. From the angle of judicial judgment, it also shows the changing process of women's property rights in the Republic of China, and analyzes the causes of the changes, hoping to understand the historical experience beneficial to the legislation and judicial practice of women's property. This paper is divided into six parts:. The first part: preface. It introduces the practical significance, theoretical significance and data collection of this thesis, summarizes the research results of related topics at home and abroad, and then expounds the research ideas and methods of this paper. It also analyzes the creative points and difficulties that may be encountered in the process of writing. The second part: the related basic theory of the women's property system. It introduces the relevant civil law source, mainly takes the civil law, the case law and the explanation example, and analyzes the support of the Chinese traditional women's property system-family doctrine. Cohabitation and joint financial system, the system of patriarchal inheritance, and the reform of the legal structure of property made by the civil law of the Republic of China, including the redefinition of the family, the redefinition of the property and the independence of the inheritance of the property. Part three: the daughter's property right. From the daughter's limited right to inherit property in the early Republic of China, the Supreme Court boycotted the daughter's inheritance right from 1927 to 1931. After 1931, the daughter obtained the legal inheritance right in the three successive historical periods. The actual state of the daughter's property rights, It shows that daughters are gradually gaining equal property rights with men, but at the same time, they are still unable to get rid of the potential restrictions on their rights that a considerable part of the civil society habitually practices. Part 4th: wife's property right. Firstly, from the formation of the property system of the Republic of China, the author analyzes that the legal property system of the wife is not true to the name; Then it introduces the change of wife's right of inheritance from husband to right of inheritance, but in fact the civil law of the Republic of China does not give them as many rights as they claim. Part 5th: the property rights of concubinage. Firstly, the author chooses two aspects: the right to bequeath to concubinage and the right to claim compensation for fault damage in the early period of the Republic of China, and the wife's property right is not as good as that of concubine, and then the right to be supported by concubine is not as good as that of concubine. This paper discusses its performance in the early Republic of China and the Nanjing National period, and draws the conclusion that the civil law of the Republic of China did not play the helpful role it preaches. Part 6th: the reasons and evaluation of the changes of women's property rights in the Republic of China. Firstly, it introduces the reasons from the political factors, the modernization of law and the influence of the women's liberation movement, and then introduces the Dali Yuan period and the Supreme Court period, respectively. Both the legislation and the judicature are evaluated in the way of seeking survival in the course of change, and it is recognized that the near modernization of law is a multiple process of merging the culture of law of inheritance, of sublation of traditional culture of law and of innovating the culture of law of the times. The evolution of law still needs the profound thinking of legislators, judiciaries and even ordinary people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D923;D929

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

中國碩士學(xué)位論文全文數(shù)據(jù)庫 前2條

1 李丹丹;民國時期女子財產(chǎn)繼承權(quán)法律實踐的研究[D];天津商業(yè)大學(xué);2013年

2 孟憲瑩;《大公報·婦女與家庭》的婦女解放觀研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：1601953