本文關(guān)鍵詞： 禁酒運(yùn)動(dòng) 禁酒法案 宗教 工業(yè)化與城市化 新移民　出處：《四川外國語大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在美國大大小小的改革運(yùn)動(dòng)中,禁酒運(yùn)動(dòng),是一場獨(dú)具特色的理想主義的社會(huì)實(shí)踐。它萌發(fā)于殖民地時(shí)期,形成于獨(dú)立戰(zhàn)爭以后,隨之席卷美國社會(huì)各個(gè)階層,并于19世紀(jì)末20世紀(jì)初通過了禁酒法案,達(dá)到高潮。從溫和規(guī)勸到強(qiáng)制禁酒再到立法廢除,美國這場戲劇性的改革運(yùn)動(dòng)有著其極其復(fù)雜的宗教、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)等歷史原因:不斷加快的城市化與工業(yè)化腳步,不斷變化的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu),日益尖銳的社會(huì)問題,導(dǎo)致美國傳統(tǒng)的道德體系——新教倫理和清教精神受到巨大的沖擊;此外,來自南歐和東歐的“新天主教移民”不斷涌入美國,強(qiáng)烈沖擊著原有的傳統(tǒng)新教社會(huì);與此同時(shí),不斷攀升的酒類消費(fèi)量,以及不斷涌現(xiàn)的社會(huì)矛盾,使處在焦慮中的社會(huì)各階層把酒視為一切罪惡的源頭。在這樣錯(cuò)綜復(fù)的社會(huì)背景下,禁酒運(yùn)動(dòng),由溫和走向激烈,由地方走向全國,酒成為各種文化沖突和社會(huì)情緒的急切消除的對象,并最終導(dǎo)致了1920年禁酒法案的通過。本文試圖從三個(gè)章節(jié)分析禁酒法案最終在二十世紀(jì)二十年代通過的原因。第一章從貫穿美國社會(huì)各個(gè)角落的宗教分析是怎么最終導(dǎo)致禁酒運(yùn)動(dòng)爆發(fā)的;第二章從導(dǎo)致禁酒運(yùn)動(dòng)最終爆發(fā)的工業(yè)化和城市化因素分析;第三章考察了這一時(shí)期來自東南歐貧困國家的新移民是怎么影響美國大眾并導(dǎo)致美國二十世紀(jì)二十年代最終通過禁酒法案的這一主要原因。
[Abstract]:In the reform movement of American large and small, the ban on alcohol movement is a unique idealistic social practice. It sprouted in the colonial period, formed after the War of Independence, and then swept across all strata of American society. From moderate exhortation to compulsory prohibition to legislative abolition, the dramatic reform movement in the United States had its extremely complex religion and politics. Economic and social historical reasons: accelerating pace of urbanization and industrialization, constantly changing social structure, increasingly acute social problems. As a result, the traditional American moral system-Protestant ethics and Puritanism were greatly impacted; In addition, "Protestant Catholic immigrants" from Southern and Eastern Europe continued to pour into the United States, strongly impacting the original traditional Protestant society; At the same time, the rising consumption of alcohol, as well as the emerging social contradictions, so that all sectors of society in anxiety as the source of all evil. In such a complex social context, the anti-alcohol movement. From mild to intense, from local to national, wine has become the object of various cultural conflicts and the urgent elimination of social emotions. This paper attempts to analyze the reasons for the passage of the Prohibition Act in 1920s from three chapters. The first chapter is a religious analysis of every corner of American society. How eventually the anti-alcohol movement broke out; The second chapter analyzes the factors of industrialization and urbanization that led to the final outbreak of the anti-alcohol movement. The third chapter examines how the new immigrants from the poor countries of South-Eastern Europe influenced the American public and finally passed the Anti-Alcohol Act in 1920s.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川外國語大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D971.2;DD912.1

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1 彭圓圓;淺析美國禁酒法案通過的原因[D];四川外國語大學(xué);2017年

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本文編號：1491097