本文關(guān)鍵詞： 演進(jìn)考 人文主義法律觀 現(xiàn)實意義　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：中國社會提出了“以人為本”的科學(xué)發(fā)展觀和社會主義法治理念,重視人的價值又提到了新的高度,人文主義法律觀也被重新提起。本文對人文主義法律觀的探討,是建立在西方和中國,古代和近現(xiàn)代,這雙重的維度的基礎(chǔ)上的,通過闡述西方人文主義法律觀和中國傳統(tǒng)法律文化,試圖吸取二者的精華,并將二者融合運用于我國法治建設(shè)的構(gòu)建之中。 本文第一部分,主要從歷史的層面對人文主義法律觀進(jìn)行探源。既然想要概括出人文主義法律觀的涵義,那么首先面臨的問題是對人文主義的解釋。在歷史長河中,對人文主義一詞追根溯源,如果僅局限于這一詞匯,那顯然找不到它的蹤跡。探尋人文主義的思潮,可以從古希臘找到——伴隨雅典民主制的發(fā)展,神意開始遭到質(zhì)疑,人開始成為城邦治理的主體,人的地位開始受到重視。可以說古希臘發(fā)生了第一次人文主義法律觀的變遷,意義重大,但是最終缺乏制度性的肯定而走向了衰敗。到了中世紀(jì)的文藝復(fù)興時期,人文主義法律觀得到了豐富地發(fā)展,在前期的主要觀念是弘揚人性,后期則是思考人與物的關(guān)系,可以說已經(jīng)形成了一定內(nèi)容的人文主義法律觀。雖然在當(dāng)時人文主義法律觀并沒有形成系統(tǒng)完整的理論體系,但催生了古典自然法學(xué)的權(quán)利學(xué)說,為近現(xiàn)代法律制度奠定了深厚的人文底蘊。中國人文主義思想源遠(yuǎn)流長,開始于殷周,在春秋百家中的哲學(xué)中發(fā)展很大,但是無論在奴隸制還是封建專制下,中國的人文思想始終擺脫不了階級束縛,封建色彩濃厚,并存在很大的缺陷——政治依附性、群體性、身份性和直覺性,從而使得人治有了極大的發(fā)展空間,阻礙了法治在中國的發(fā)展進(jìn)程。 本文第二部分開始把人文主義法律觀進(jìn)行概括性的理論研究,試圖總結(jié)它的涵義及蘊含的基本價值理念。人文主義雖然概念寬泛,但是仍存在自身獨特的涵義,是區(qū)別于人本主義和人道主義的。概括人文主義法律觀的涵義也是一項吃力的課題,通過對人文主義法律觀與“人”,與法律,與科學(xué),與人權(quán)這四方面的關(guān)系來探索人文主義法律觀的基本內(nèi)涵,從而分析其核心的理念在于——尊重人的尊嚴(yán),保障人的需要和發(fā)展,自由至上,維護(hù)平等和權(quán)利本位,這些有助于我們更好地理解和把握人文主義法律觀念。 本文的第三部分則回到了現(xiàn)實的中國,這是理論探討的終極價值體現(xiàn),也是筆者寫作本文的目的。無論是探尋人文主義法律觀的本源還是總結(jié)它的涵義,其目的地更好地分析人文主義法律觀對中國產(chǎn)生的不可比擬的現(xiàn)實意義。人文主義法律觀與我國具體實踐相結(jié)合,催生了“以人為本”現(xiàn)代法律精神,并豐富完善了人權(quán)制度,促進(jìn)我國法治社會的建立和法律信仰的生成與培養(yǎng),而且在一定意義上指引當(dāng)代法學(xué)教育的人文性。
[Abstract]:Chinese society has put forward the scientific development concept of "people-oriented" and the concept of socialist rule of law, and the value of human beings has been raised to a new height. The legal view of humanism has also been raised again. The discussion of the legal view of humanism in this paper is based on the dual dimensions of western and Chinese ancient and modern times. By expounding the western humanism legal view and the Chinese traditional legal culture, the author tries to absorb the essence of the two and apply them to the construction of the rule of law in our country. The first part of this article, mainly from the historical level to explore the source of humanism legal view. Since want to generalize the meaning of humanism legal view. Then the first problem is the interpretation of humanism. In the long history, tracing back to the source of the word humanism, if only confined to this word, it obviously can not find its trace, and explore the trend of thought of humanism. Can be found from ancient Greece-with the development of Athenian democracy, the gods began to be questioned, people began to become the subject of city-state governance. People's status began to be valued. It can be said that ancient Greece took place the first change of humanism legal view, which is of great significance. But in the end, the lack of institutional affirmation led to decline. In the Middle Ages Renaissance, the legal view of humanism got a rich development, in the early stage of the main idea is to carry forward human nature. The latter period is to think about the relationship between people and things, can be said to have formed a certain content of humanism legal view, although at that time humanism legal view did not form a systematic and complete theoretical system. But it gave birth to the right theory of classical natural law and laid a deep humanistic background for the modern legal system. Chinese humanism has a long history and began in the Yin and Zhou dynasties and developed greatly in the philosophy of the Spring and Autumn period. However, no matter under slavery or feudal autocracy, Chinese humanistic thought can not get rid of class bondage, feudal color is strong, and there are a lot of defects-political dependence, group, identity and intuition. Thus, the rule of man has a great space for development and hinders the development of the rule of law in China. The second part of this article begins to carry on the general theory research to the humanism legal view, trying to sum up its meaning and the basic value idea. Although the humanism concept is broad. However, there still exists its own unique meaning, which is different from humanism and humanitarianism. It is also a difficult task to summarize the meaning of humanism legal view, through the humanism legal view and "man" and law. And the relationship between science and human rights to explore the basic connotation of humanism legal view, so as to analyze its core idea is to respect human dignity, protect human needs and development, freedom first. To maintain equality and right standard is helpful for us to better understand and grasp humanism legal concept. The third part of this paper is back to the reality of China, which is the ultimate value of theoretical exploration, and is also the purpose of the author writing this article, whether it is to explore the origin of humanism legal view or summarize its meaning. Its destination better analyzes the incomparable realistic significance of humanism legal view to China. The combination of humanism legal view and our country's concrete practice has given birth to the modern legal spirit of "people-oriented". It enriches and perfects the system of human rights, promotes the establishment of our country's legal society and the formation and cultivation of legal belief, and guides the humanism of contemporary law education to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D909.1

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張瑋;中國傳統(tǒng)法律文化的人本精神及其當(dāng)代價值[D];曲阜師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1475872