【摘要】：目的:通過小兒熱盛體質(zhì)調(diào)查,探討小兒熱盛體質(zhì)的判定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、影響因素、患病傾向等,客觀評(píng)價(jià)調(diào)查問卷,為推廣小兒辨體調(diào)治奠定基礎(chǔ)。方法:運(yùn)用調(diào)查問卷的方式,對(duì)1905例幼兒園3歲至7歲兒童進(jìn)行普查。設(shè)計(jì)小兒熱盛體質(zhì)調(diào)查問卷(含醫(yī)師版和家庭版),醫(yī)師版調(diào)查表主要涉及客觀體征,包含4個(gè)觀察點(diǎn),由研究人員填寫;家庭版調(diào)查表主要涉及兒童頭面五官、消化系統(tǒng)、全身情況等21個(gè)觀察點(diǎn),由兒童密切監(jiān)護(hù)人填寫�；厥照{(diào)查問卷,所有數(shù)據(jù)應(yīng)用EXCELL錄入,統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件SPSS20.0處理。結(jié)果:1.運(yùn)用調(diào)查問卷方式,完成1815例有效問卷,符合熱盛體質(zhì)臨床特點(diǎn)的占21.65%(393例),其中4～7歲熱盛體質(zhì)小兒348例,占其年齡段總數(shù)的22.34%;3～4歲熱盛體質(zhì)小兒45例,占其年齡段總數(shù)的14.24%。2.在熱盛體質(zhì)中,出現(xiàn)頻率在60%以上的臨床表現(xiàn)有15項(xiàng),即汗多、發(fā)熱、小便黃、口氣重、大便干硬、喜涼飲、眼分泌物多、扁桃體腫大、小便味重、手足熱、大便如丸、大便黑暗或顏色不正,其中前3項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)頻率在90%以上,前7項(xiàng)出現(xiàn)頻率在80%以上。3.對(duì)出現(xiàn)頻率達(dá)60%及以上的常見表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行關(guān)聯(lián)性分析,關(guān)聯(lián)性較為顯著的前5項(xiàng)是小便味重、小便色黃、大便如丸、口唇紅、大便干硬。4.手足心潮、小便味重、手指逆剝、鼻衄、女孩外陰有異味、手足脫皮在四個(gè)年齡段的構(gòu)成比差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。5.與小兒熱盛體質(zhì)相關(guān)的危險(xiǎn)因素有11項(xiàng),其中前5項(xiàng)是中耳炎、掉發(fā)、咽炎、抗生素、多奶肉。結(jié)論:1.對(duì)1905例大樣本普查中,有效問卷1815例,熱盛體質(zhì)占21.65%,4～7歲熱盛體質(zhì)小兒占其年齡段總數(shù)的22.34%,提示小兒熱盛體質(zhì)客觀存在,且主要集中在4～7歲。2.在熱盛體質(zhì)常見表現(xiàn)上,出現(xiàn)頻次較高的是汗多、發(fā)熱、小便色黃、口氣重、大便干硬、喜涼飲、眼分泌物多,關(guān)聯(lián)性較顯著的是小便味重、小便色黃、大便如丸、口唇紅、大便干硬。提示對(duì)含有上述表現(xiàn)的兒童要積極干預(yù)。3.年齡大、多奶肉、異食、內(nèi)向、急躁的小兒易發(fā)生熱盛體質(zhì),熱盛體質(zhì)小兒更多使用抗生素。提示為了預(yù)防小兒熱盛體質(zhì)的發(fā)生,平素要做到培養(yǎng)小兒良好的性格及飲食習(xí)慣。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the criteria, influencing factors, disease tendency and objective evaluation questionnaire of children's heat Sheng constitution, so as to lay a foundation for popularizing children's physical differentiation and treatment. Methods: 1905 children aged 3 to 7 years old in kindergartens were surveyed by questionnaire. The questionnaire of children's heisheng constitution was designed (including physician version and family version). The questionnaire mainly involved objective physical signs, including four observation points, which were filled out by researchers. The family version of the questionnaire mainly involves 21 observation points, such as head features, digestive system and body condition, which are filled out by the child's close guardian. The questionnaire was collected, all the data were input by EXCELL, and the statistical software SPSS20.0 was used to process the data. Results: 1. 1815 effective questionnaires were completed by means of questionnaire, and 21.65% (393 cases) were in accordance with the clinical characteristics of Risheng constitution, of which 348 cases (22.34%) were children with Risheng constitution aged 4 to 7 years old. 3years old 4 years old heat Sheng physique child 45 cases, account for its age group total 14.24. 2. In the heatiness constitution, there are 15 clinical manifestations with frequency of more than 60%, that is, excessive sweating, fever, yellow urine, heavy breath, dry stool, cold drink, many eye secretions, swelling of tonsil, heavy urination, hot hands and feet, stool such as pills, The first 3 items appeared more than 90%, and the first 7 items more than 80%. The correlation analysis was carried out on the common manifestations with frequency of 60% or more. The first five items with significant correlation were heavy urination, yellow urine, stool such as pills, red lips, dry and hard stool. 4. Hand and foot surge, heavy urination, finger exfoliation, epistaxis, girls vulva smell, hand and foot desquamate in the four age groups in the composition of the difference was statistically significant. 5. There are 11 risk factors related to children's heatiness, among which the first five are otitis media, hair loss, pharyngitis, antibiotics, milk meat. Conclusion: 1. Of the 1905 large sample surveys, 1815 effective questionnaires showed that heat constitution accounted for 21.655-7 years old and that the number of children with heat Sheng constitution accounted for 22.34% of the total age group, which suggested that the physical constitution of children with heat Sheng existed objectively, and was mainly concentrated at 47 years old and 2 years old. On the common manifestation of heatiness constitution, the ones with higher frequency are sweating, fever, yellow urine color, heavy breath, dry stool, cold drink, many eye secretions, and more significant correlation is heavy urination, yellow urine, stool such as pills, red lips. The stool is dry and hard. It is suggested that children with these manifestations should be actively interfered with. 3. Age, milk meat, food, introversion, impetuous children prone to heat Sheng constitution, heat Sheng constitution children more use of antibiotics. In order to prevent the occurrence of children's heatiness, it is necessary to cultivate children's good character and eating habits.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴陽(yáng)中醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：R272

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