【摘要】：如果為"無(wú)為"者是人而非擬人化的道或者天,那么這一概念表達(dá)的不是行為者與行為的承受者之間的關(guān)系,而是行為者與其所須遵守之道之間的關(guān)系,這時(shí),《老子》"無(wú)為"的精確含義,實(shí)際是指行為者遵守道且對(duì)道本身不施加任何行為,而非像我們常認(rèn)為的那樣,僅僅是指對(duì)行為的承受者做出遵循道的行為,因?yàn)檠蓝鵀閷?duì)行為的承受者而言也是一種作為而非無(wú)為�！独献印纷非蟮淖罡邇r(jià)值不是道、自然無(wú)為或其他善,而是沒(méi)身不殆和如其所是的長(zhǎng)生久視,道、自然無(wú)為和其他善不過(guò)是實(shí)現(xiàn)這一目標(biāo)或最高價(jià)值的最佳方式。從理論理性或思辨理性來(lái)看,根據(jù)《老子》所追求的最高價(jià)值及其"反者道之動(dòng)"的觀點(diǎn)可推知:"無(wú)為"不會(huì)只是主張"弱者道之用",而也會(huì)承認(rèn)并要求"強(qiáng)者道之用";對(duì)于自然和社會(huì)中的惡之花,"無(wú)為"絕不會(huì)任其自然,而必然會(huì)有為以制止。
[Abstract]:If the "no" is a person rather than a personified channel or a day, then the concept expresses the relationship between the actor and the person who acts, but the relationship between the actor and the method to be observed, at which point, the precise meaning of the Lao-tzu> "no", The practice refers to the fact that the actor observes the channel and does not impose any act on the road itself, and not as we often think, merely means the act of following the act of the person who acts, because the following is also a way of acting as a rather than an act. The highest value of Lao-tzu's pursuit is not Tao, natural or other good, but it is not the best way to achieve this goal or the highest value. From the point of view of theoretical reason or speculative reason, according to the highest value and the "the movement of the counter-man" 's point of view of "Lao-tzu>", it can be inferred that the "no" will not only advocate the "for the weak", but also acknowledge and require the "the use of the strong"; for the flower of nature and society, the "no" will never be natural, And there must be an end to it.
【作者單位】： 蘇州大學(xué)哲學(xué)系;
【分類號(hào)】：B223.1

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1 吳猛強(qiáng);;“理性”對(duì)待理性——兼論理性與法[J];華中科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2006年03期

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