本文選題：馬克思 + 拜物教批判理論��； 參考：《福建師范大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：拜物教批判理論在馬克思思想體系中占有十分重要的地位,西方馬克思主義的創(chuàng)始人盧卡奇稱之“蘊含著全部歷史唯物主義”。這一理論的當代意義既體現(xiàn)在它自身所特有的理論價值之中,也體現(xiàn)在它直面新的時代和問題時仍然具有強大的生命力和闡釋力。作為一種關照現(xiàn)實的理論形態(tài),馬克思的拜物教批判理論有其深刻的歷史背景和思想淵源。歐洲文藝作品中反映的資本主義拜物教現(xiàn)實,以及黑格爾、費爾巴哈、赫斯等關于異化的理論或思想,都對該理論的形成產(chǎn)生了重要影響。就其形成發(fā)展過程而言,它的理論內(nèi)涵不僅是商品拜物教批判,而且包括貨幣和資本拜物教；這種批判方式不僅體現(xiàn)在《資本論》第一章中,而且波及到馬克思的整個思想體系。它與馬克思的哲學思想、政治經(jīng)濟學批判、共產(chǎn)主義學說之間有著密切聯(lián)系,我們應該以整體性的視野把握其歷史地位和理論價值。馬克思之后,西方馬克思主義、前蘇聯(lián)和東歐學者沿著馬克思開辟的道路,分別對資本主義和社會主義條件下的拜物教問題進行了探索,但他們都沒有超出馬克思所做的貢獻。以馬克思拜物教批判理論審視當代資本主義新變化,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),資本拜物教是當代資本主義經(jīng)濟金融化的重要推手,而以市場拜物教為核心的新自由主義則把市場加以神圣化、神秘化、萬能化,給資本主義世界乃至許多發(fā)展中國家?guī)沓林氐臑碾y。以馬克思拜物教批判理論審視我國當前的社會主義市場經(jīng)濟,我們發(fā)現(xiàn),社會主義市場經(jīng)濟中產(chǎn)生拜物教問題有其客觀必然性,拜物教現(xiàn)象在生產(chǎn)、交換(流通)、分配、消費等環(huán)節(jié)都不同程度地存在,而這一現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生或存在是由多方面因素造成的,但它與資本主義社會的拜物教有著根本區(qū)別。我國社會主義制度下具有遏制拜物教現(xiàn)象的現(xiàn)實可能性,而有效遏制當前的拜物教現(xiàn)象則必須以堅持人民主體地位為導向,以解放和發(fā)展生產(chǎn)力為前提,以更好發(fā)揮政府作用為核心,以推進社會主義法治建設為抓手,以培育和弘揚社會主義核心價值觀為基礎,以加強和改善黨的領導為保證。此外,論文還對遏制拜物教現(xiàn)象的前景進行了簡要展望。
[Abstract]:The critical theory of fetishism occupies a very important position in Marx's ideological system, and the founder of Western Marxism, Lukacs, called it "contains all historical materialism". The contemporary significance of this theory is embodied not only in its own unique theoretical value, but also in its strong vitality and explanatory power when facing the new times and problems. As a realistic theoretical form, Marx's critical theory of fetishism has its profound historical background and ideological origin. The capitalist fetishism reflected in European literary works, as well as the theories or ideas about alienation, such as Hegel, Feuerbach and Hess, all have an important influence on the formation of the theory. As far as its forming and developing process is concerned, its theoretical connotation is not only the critique of commodity fetishism, but also the criticism of money and capital fetishism. And spread to the whole thought system of Marx. It is closely related to Marx's philosophical thought, political economic criticism and communist theory. We should grasp its historical position and theoretical value from a holistic perspective. After Marx, Western Marxism, former Soviet Union and Eastern European scholars explored the fetishism under the conditions of capitalism and socialism, respectively, along the road opened up by Marx, but they did not exceed the contributions made by Marx. Examining the new changes of contemporary capitalism with Marx's critical theory of fetishism, we find that capital fetishism is an important driving force for the financialization of contemporary capitalist economy, while the neoliberalism, with market fetishism as the core, sanctifies the market. Mysticism and omnipotence have brought heavy disasters to the capitalist world and even to many developing countries. Examining the current socialist market economy with Marx's critical theory of fetishism, we find that the problem of fetishism in the socialist market economy has its objective inevitability, and the phenomenon of fetishism is in production, exchange (circulation, distribution, distribution). Consumption and other links all exist to varying degrees, and this phenomenon is caused by many factors, but it is fundamentally different from fetishism in capitalist society. Under the socialist system of our country, it is possible to curb fetishism, but the effective containment of fetishism must be guided by the people's dominant position and the premise of liberating and developing the productive forces. The core is to give full play to the role of the government, to promote the construction of socialist rule of law, to cultivate and carry forward the socialist core values, and to strengthen and improve the leadership of the Party. In addition, the prospect of curbing fetishism is briefly forecasted.
【學位授予單位】：福建師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B0-0
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本文編號：2018611