本文選題：實用主義　切入點：詹姆士　出處：《太原科技大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：詹姆士是實用主義的主要代表人物之一,他對真理觀有著獨特的見解,其真理觀亦是其哲學的核心理念。詹姆士所詮釋的實用主義真理觀及其意義有別于西方傳統(tǒng)的邏各斯中心主義真理觀,他強調真理的主觀性,且否認傳統(tǒng)真理觀所堅持的主觀一定要符合客觀的基礎原則。詹姆士真理觀的思想來源于一些哲學家的思想觀點。培根的“知識就是力量”。培根認為知識能夠轉化為生產力、創(chuàng)造財富,滿足人們的需求。邊沁的功利主義。邊沁認為功利原理是指看它是否可以給相關利益者帶來幸福。尼采的“權力意志”。尼采認為生命就是權力意志;權力意志是構建真理的最高標準。皮爾士認為人們所信仰的真理,能夠帶給大家滿意的效果。詹姆士真理觀的具有一定的邏輯,他認為真理是有用的;真理是一種利益;真理是一種信仰;真理是一種方法;真理的評判標準是效果。真理的主觀性意味著主體依照自己主觀意愿去構建真理,真理不再是一種客觀事實,而是一種方法論,一種可以依照主體利益去構建,并且維護該利益的手段與方法,真理成為了一種有用的工具。工具性真理對主體的功用性決定了主體在心里層面的認知,主體認為這種功用性真理是好的,是善的。這無疑就是實用主義者的信仰。這種功用性主觀真理的評判標準與構建標準就是其對主體的效用。詹姆士真理觀既有合理性又有局限性。這種實用主義真理觀對作用和效果的主觀堅持,能夠保證主體的利益,以及堅定主體堅持和維護真理的意愿與決心。本文系統(tǒng)性地梳理了詹姆士真理觀的思想來源和基本內容,指出真理是主體為了自身目的而主觀構建的一種功用性方法,且可以用效用的標準來評判、塑造、修正。這種以主觀構造為基礎的真理觀有其合理的一面,也有一定的局限性。
[Abstract]:James is one of the main representatives of pragmatism, he has a unique view of truth. James's pragmatic truth and its significance are different from the western traditional logos. He emphasizes the subjectivity of truth. And it denies that the subjective view of truth must conform to the objective basic principle. James's idea of truth comes from the ideas of some philosophers. Bacon's "knowledge is power." Bacon believes that knowledge can be transformed into productivity. Bentham's utilitarianism refers to whether it can bring happiness to the stakeholders. Nietzsche's "will to power", Nietzsche believes that life is the will of power; The will of power is the highest standard for the construction of truth. Peters believes that the truth people believe in can bring people satisfactory results. James's view of truth has certain logic, he thinks that truth is useful, truth is a kind of benefit; Truth is a belief; truth is a method; truth is judged by effect. The subjectivity of truth means that the subject constructs truth according to his own subjective will. Truth is no longer an objective fact, but a methodology. A means and method that can be constructed according to the interest of the subject and which can safeguard the interest of the subject. Truth has become a useful tool. The utility of the instrumental truth to the subject determines the cognition of the subject at the mental level. The subject thinks that this kind of functional truth is good, This is undoubtedly the belief of pragmatists. The criterion of judging and constructing this kind of functional subjective truth is its utility to the subject. James' view of truth has both rationality and limitation. This pragmatism is a kind of pragmatism. The subjective insistence of truth on action and effect, It can ensure the interest of the subject, as well as the will and determination of the subject to uphold and maintain the truth. This paper systematically combs the ideological source and basic content of James's view of truth. It is pointed out that truth is a kind of functional method which is constructed subjectively by the subject for its own purpose, and can be judged, molded and revised by the criterion of utility.
【學位授予單位】：太原科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B023.3

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