本文關(guān)鍵詞： 狄爾泰 精神科學(xué) 方法論　出處：《黑龍江大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：狄爾泰被稱為哲學(xué)向近代轉(zhuǎn)向時(shí)期最重要的哲學(xué)家之一,“人文科學(xué)領(lǐng)域里的牛頓”。他首先堅(jiān)持哲學(xué)應(yīng)該為人們提供行價(jià)值判斷與理論支持。對(duì)于這個(gè)時(shí)代產(chǎn)生出的諸如馬恩的全新哲學(xué)形態(tài);孔德的實(shí)證主義;詹姆士的功利主義;尼采反傳統(tǒng)的意志哲學(xué)等,他持有一種既不盲從又不拒絕的態(tài)度。狄爾泰在繼承傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)的理性主義傳統(tǒng)的前提下,對(duì)于新時(shí)代的各種思想、思潮都能堅(jiān)持一種開放的心態(tài)。借此,他通過獨(dú)立反思與實(shí)踐構(gòu)建了精神科學(xué)體系。他把社會(huì)與歷史作為精神科學(xué)的研究對(duì)象,將研究人的問題的各個(gè)學(xué)科與自然科學(xué)相區(qū)分,對(duì)于精神科學(xué)的理論、方法、對(duì)象以及目標(biāo)進(jìn)行了論證,從而構(gòu)建起新的精神科學(xué)體系。然而狄爾泰為了論證精神科學(xué)的合法性,他將自然科學(xué)理解為一種反映論,通過這樣全新視角的理解回?fù)袅俗匀豢茖W(xué)與傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)對(duì)精神科學(xué)的質(zhì)疑。同時(shí)他又提出了精神科學(xué)應(yīng)該有獨(dú)立的方法論要求,而不是延用自然科學(xué)的研究方法。本文從狄爾泰的精神科學(xué)體系入手,進(jìn)一步闡述了其方法論的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。論證其方法論與傳統(tǒng)哲學(xué)方法論思路以及同時(shí)代諸如實(shí)證主義、歷史主義等方法論的關(guān)系。對(duì)于方法論的研究是以一種邏輯思辯的思維模式進(jìn)行宏觀的理論思考。自古希臘哲學(xué)產(chǎn)生開始,西方哲學(xué)便是沿著一定內(nèi)在邏輯演變而發(fā)展的。從方法論意義上對(duì)哲學(xué)歷史發(fā)展進(jìn)行探究可以有效把握哲學(xué)發(fā)展的本質(zhì)路線與具體發(fā)生動(dòng)因。實(shí)際上,進(jìn)行方法論的研究對(duì)整個(gè)哲學(xué)學(xué)科的發(fā)展有著重要意義。而且,狄爾泰作為近代哲學(xué)與現(xiàn)當(dāng)代哲學(xué)發(fā)展中一個(gè)起承接作用的哲學(xué)家,他的方法論無論對(duì)以往哲學(xué)發(fā)展脈絡(luò)的把握,還是對(duì)哲學(xué)范式轉(zhuǎn)變都有很大的理論意義。
[Abstract]:Dilthey is regarded as one of the most important philosophers in the period of philosophy turning to modern times. "Newton in the field of humanities". He first insisted that philosophy should provide people with value judgment and theoretical support. Koonde's positivism; James's utilitarianism; Nietzsche's anti-traditional philosophy of will and so on, he holds a kind of attitude which neither blindly follows nor rejects. Under the premise of inheriting the rationalism tradition of traditional philosophy, Dilthey has various ideas about the new era. Through independent reflection and practice, he constructed the system of spiritual science. He regarded society and history as the research object of spiritual science. The study of human problems between the various disciplines and natural science, the theory of spiritual science, methods, objects and objectives are demonstrated. In order to prove the legitimacy of spiritual science, Dilthey understood natural science as a theory of reflection. Through the understanding of such a new perspective, it strikes back the challenge of natural science and traditional philosophy to spiritual science, and at the same time, he puts forward that spiritual science should have independent methodological requirements. This paper starts with Dilthey's system of spiritual science. It further expounds the theoretical and practical significance of its methodology, and demonstrates its methodology and traditional philosophical methodology, as well as its contemporaries such as positivism. The relationship between historicism and other methodologies. The study of methodology is a kind of logical thinking mode to carry on the macroscopic theoretical thinking. Since the ancient Greek philosophy came into being. Western philosophy is developed along a certain internal logic. To explore the historical development of philosophy in a methodological sense can effectively grasp the essential line and specific causes of philosophical development. The research of methodology is of great significance to the development of the whole philosophy subject. Moreover, Dilthey is a philosopher who plays an important role in the development of modern philosophy and modern philosophy. His methodology is of great theoretical significance both to the development of philosophy and to the transformation of philosophy paradigm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B516.59

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳樹林;;當(dāng)代文化哲學(xué)范式的回歸[J];哲學(xué)研究;2011年11期

2 陳樹林;;文化哲學(xué)范式的歷史淵源和發(fā)展[J];求是學(xué)刊;2011年05期

3 陳樹林;;文化哲學(xué):馬克思主義哲學(xué)研究的新視野[J];理論探討;2007年05期

4 陳樹林;;馬克思哲學(xué)的文化哲學(xué)意蘊(yùn)[J];求是學(xué)刊;2006年04期

5 李強(qiáng)華;狄爾泰歷史哲學(xué)中的“生命”、“理解”和“意義”概念解析[J];廣西社會(huì)科學(xué);2005年07期

6 陳樹林;啟蒙精神與現(xiàn)代性的內(nèi)在關(guān)聯(lián)[J];學(xué)術(shù)交流;2004年06期

7 陳樹林;對(duì)人本主義哲學(xué)的反思[J];山東科技大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2003年04期

8 陳鋒;狄爾泰在哲學(xué)史上的地位和影響[J];晉陽學(xué)刊;2003年03期

9 郭伶俐;海德格爾生存論歷史哲學(xué)的緣源和特點(diǎn)[J];焦作工學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)(社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2002年01期

10 陳鋒;試析狄爾泰精神科學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)論之構(gòu)想[J];福建論壇(人文社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2001年06期

，

本文編號(hào)：1452587