結(jié)直腸癌是消化道常見的惡性腫瘤之一,其發(fā)病率高,死亡率高,嚴(yán)重威脅國民健康。結(jié)直腸癌起病隱匿,早期癥狀不典型,許多患者就診時(shí)已發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移。合并轉(zhuǎn)移的結(jié)直腸癌患者預(yù)后不良,1年相對生存率為52.6%,2年相對生存率僅為33.3%。結(jié)直腸癌目前主要的治療方式為手術(shù)切除和放化療。這些治療手段一般初期療效較好,但經(jīng)過數(shù)月至數(shù)年的緩解后,約30-50%的患者病情進(jìn)展,發(fā)生腫瘤侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移。而結(jié)直腸癌患者的主要死亡原因正是侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移。因此,防治腫瘤進(jìn)展（主要表現(xiàn)為侵襲和轉(zhuǎn)移）是提高患者生存率的重要手段。腫瘤進(jìn)展是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的過程,受多種因素的調(diào)控,目前認(rèn)為上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化（Epithelial-mesenchymal transition,EMT）和腫瘤干細(xì)胞（Cancer stem cells,CSCs）與腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移密切相關(guān)。腫瘤DNA倍體異常是腫瘤進(jìn)展及惡性度的標(biāo)志。上皮-間質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)化是指上皮細(xì)胞通過特定程序轉(zhuǎn)化為具有間質(zhì)表型細(xì)胞的過程。EMT涉及Snail、Slug、Twist等一系列多能轉(zhuǎn)錄因子的變化,這些變化引起細(xì)胞粘附分子（如E-鈣粘蛋白）表達(dá)的減少,基質(zhì)降解酶表達(dá)的增加,細(xì)胞運(yùn)動性的增加和對凋亡抗... 

【文章來源】：河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)河北省

【文章頁數(shù)】：62 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【部分圖文】：

REC8在結(jié)直腸癌組織及其配對癌旁組織中的表達(dá)水平無顯著差異（P=0.761）

28 3 過表達(dá)REC8可促進(jìn)MMP-（9P=0.016, P=0.017）及VEGF-C（P=0.01P=0.009）的表達(dá)Fig. 3 Overexpression of REC8 promotes the expression of MMP-9 andVEGF-C at protein level, b) Western blotting for MMP-9 and VEGF-C in human colon carcinomll lines (a) HCT116 and (b) SW480. GAPDH was used as loading controar graphs represented means ± SEM from at least three independeperiment; *P＜0.05, **P＜0.01, ***P＜0.001 vs. indicated groups; ndicates not significant.

圖 4 過表達(dá) REC8 組 PCNA 的表達(dá)水平與對照組相比差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意（P=0.12, P=0.492）Fig. 4 Overexpression of REC8 does not affect the expression of PCNA aprotein level(a, b) Western blotting for PCNA in human colon carcinoma cell linesHCT116 and (b) SW480. GAPDH was used as loading control. Bar grarepresented means±SEM from at least three independent experiment; *P0.05, **P ＜ 0.01, ***P ＜ 0.001 vs. indicated groups; n.s. indicates significant.


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