本文選題：染色體粉碎 + DNA斷裂��； 參考：《生物化學(xué)與生物物理進(jìn)展》2017年01期

【摘要】："染色體粉碎"是最初在腫瘤細(xì)胞中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種復(fù)雜的基因組重排現(xiàn)象.在該事件中,細(xì)胞的一條或幾條染色體在短時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生大量的DNA雙鏈斷裂,形成小的DNA碎片,之后這些碎片被細(xì)胞的DNA修復(fù)機(jī)制隨機(jī)地拼接起來(lái),形成新的染色體.染色體粉碎事件會(huì)造成大量的基因組重排,引起DNA拷貝數(shù)的變異和基因融合,從而導(dǎo)致正常細(xì)胞向腫瘤細(xì)胞的快速轉(zhuǎn)化.這與傳統(tǒng)的癌癥發(fā)生理論不同,傳統(tǒng)理論認(rèn)為腫瘤的發(fā)生是由基因突變逐步積累而導(dǎo)致的,因此染色體粉碎現(xiàn)象可能揭示了一種腫瘤發(fā)生的新機(jī)制.目前,該現(xiàn)象的內(nèi)在機(jī)制還不完全清楚,其判別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)也存在爭(zhēng)議.本文綜述了近年來(lái)關(guān)于染色體粉碎現(xiàn)象的判別標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和產(chǎn)生機(jī)制,探討了該現(xiàn)象與腫瘤發(fā)生發(fā)展的關(guān)系,為進(jìn)一步研究染色體粉碎事件提供參考.
[Abstract]:Chromosome shredding is a complex genome rearrangement found in tumor cells. In this event, a large number of DNA double strand breaks occurred in one or several chromosomes of the cell in a short period of time, resulting in small DNA fragments, which were then randomly spliced together by the DNA repair mechanism of the cell to form new chromosomes. Chromosome shattering events will result in a large number of genome rearrangements, resulting in DNA copy number variation and gene fusion, resulting in the rapid transformation of normal cells to tumor cells. This is different from the traditional oncogenesis theory, which holds that the tumorigenesis is caused by the gradual accumulation of gene mutation. Therefore, the phenomenon of chromosome fragmentation may reveal a new mechanism of tumorigenesis. At present, the internal mechanism of this phenomenon is not completely clear, and its criterion is controversial. In this paper, the discriminant criteria and mechanism of chromosome comminution in recent years are reviewed, and the relationship between this phenomenon and tumorigenesis and development is discussed, which provides a reference for the further study of chromosome comminution events.
【作者單位】： 四川大學(xué)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院生長(zhǎng)代謝衰老研究中心;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(31571314)~~
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R730.2

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