本文選題：乳腺 + 腫瘤��； 參考：《北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學院》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究目的收集內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯市漢族和蒙古族婦女乳腺癌流行病學基線信息,為后期隨訪隊列建立基礎。在基層醫(yī)療條件下,比較分析漢族和蒙古族婦女乳腺癌篩查情況,為乳腺癌篩查工作提供數(shù)據(jù)支持。調(diào)查當?shù)貗D女對乳腺癌的認知情況并探討可能影響認知水平的因素,為進一步宣傳教育工作提供參考。材料與方法采用乳腺臨床檢查和三維超聲技術(shù)進行乳腺癌初篩,超聲BI-RADS 0,4,5類患者進一步檢查,以病理活檢結(jié)果為金標準。計算漢族與蒙古族婦女篩查陽性率、乳腺癌檢出率,探討乳腺癌篩查的效果。分析內(nèi)蒙古鄂爾多斯市參加乳腺癌篩查的漢族與蒙古族婦女在乳腺癌篩查認知及意愿方面的水平及差異。通過面對面問卷調(diào)查法,由經(jīng)過培訓的調(diào)查員對參加篩查的婦女進行一對一問卷調(diào)查。問卷內(nèi)容包括:一般人口學信息、乳腺癌篩查認知、意愿及影響因素等信息。研究結(jié)果1.超聲篩查乳腺癌結(jié)果:共納入漢族婦女21400人,蒙古族婦女2511人。漢族和蒙古族婦女平均年齡分別為45.10±7.05歲和45.69±6.67歲。漢族婦女月經(jīng)初潮年齡≥18歲、初次分娩年齡30歲、未曾懷孕、痛經(jīng)、絕經(jīng)以及有乳腺疾病史的比例均低于蒙古族婦女(均P0.001)。乳腺觸診結(jié)果顯示,漢族婦女異常的比例高于蒙古族婦女(P0.001)。超聲結(jié)果顯示,漢族婦女乳房乳腺導管局限性擴張、腫塊5cm、后方回聲增強、有鈣化的比例均低于蒙古族婦女(均P0.05)。漢族婦女乳腺在0/4/5類的比例低于蒙古族婦女(P=0.021,P=0.258)。X線攝影結(jié)果顯示,漢族婦女致密型乳腺比例高于蒙古族婦女(P0.001)。此次篩查乳腺癌總檢出率為83.64/10萬,其中漢族婦女檢出率79.44/10萬,蒙古族婦女檢出率119.47/10萬。2.乳腺癌篩查認知結(jié)果:漢族和蒙古族婦女分別入組11162(88.2%)人和1495(11.8%)人,平均年齡分別為(45.4±7.1)歲和(45.4±6.8)歲。漢族婦女高學歷(高中及以上)的比例低于蒙古族(P0.001)。漢族和蒙古族女性獲得乳腺癌篩查消息的主要途徑均來自家人或朋友,其他消息途徑分布差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.001)。漢族和蒙古族婦女從未參加過篩查的比例分別為4640(41.7%)和683(45.9%)(P=0.001)。漢族婦女乳腺自檢率高于蒙古族(P0.001)。經(jīng)多因素Logistic回歸分析,擁有高學歷、曾有乳腺疾病的女性乳腺癌篩查認知度高(均P0.001)。結(jié)論在漢族和蒙古族人群中乳腺癌篩查具有一定效果。漢族婦女乳腺癌篩查認知水平優(yōu)于蒙古族,但整體乳腺癌認知水平較低,應加強乳腺癌篩查知識宣傳,提高婦女主動參加篩查意識。
[Abstract]:Objective to collect the baseline epidemiological information of breast cancer in Han and Mongolian women in Ordos, Inner Mongolia. Under the condition of primary medical treatment, the breast cancer screening of Han and Mongolian women was compared and analyzed to provide data support for breast cancer screening. To investigate the local women's cognition of breast cancer and explore the factors that may affect their cognitive level, and to provide reference for further propaganda and education. Materials and methods mammary gland clinical examination and three dimensional ultrasound technique were used to screen breast cancer and further examination was performed in 5 types of patients with BI-RADS 0 and 4 cases. The results of pathological biopsy were taken as the gold standard. The positive rate of screening and the detection rate of breast cancer in Han and Mongolian women were calculated and the results of breast cancer screening were discussed. To analyze the level and difference of cognition and willingness of breast cancer screening among Han and Mongolian women in Erdos city, Inner Mongolia. Through face-to-face questionnaire, trained investigators conducted one-on-one questionnaires to women who participated in the screening. The questionnaire includes: general demographic information, breast cancer screening cognition, willingness and influencing factors. Results 1. The results of ultrasound screening for breast cancer included 21400 Han women and 2511 Mongolian women. The average ages of Han and Mongolian women were 45.10 鹵7.05 and 45.69 鹵6.67 years respectively. The rate of menarche age 鈮，

本文編號：1815332