EZH2與VEGF在腎透明細胞癌中的作用及機制研究
發(fā)布時間:2018-03-10 22:07
本文選題:腎透明細胞癌 切入點:EZH2 出處:《吉林大學》2015年博士論文 論文類型:學位論文
【摘要】:腎癌是泌尿系統(tǒng)中第三大腫瘤,全球范圍內(nèi)每年約有120,000例患者死于腎癌,并且有顯著增加的趨勢。腎細胞癌是成年人腎癌的最主要的類型,約占全部腎癌的90%,是腎癌發(fā)病率和死亡率主要的原因。 EZH2基因是PRC復合體中的核心成員,發(fā)揮組蛋白甲基化轉移酶的作用,能夠在組蛋白H3的27位賴氨酸上直接加入甲基,從而沉默基因的表達,包括腫瘤抑癌基因。EZH2基因表達失調(diào)與多種癌癥的發(fā)生相關,但在腎癌特別是腎透明細胞癌中的研究很少。VEGF(Vascular endothelialgrowth factor)在腫瘤形成中血管生成中具有重要的作用,在腎癌中與腫瘤的生長、轉移以及差的預后有關,并且抗VEGF在腎癌的治療中已經(jīng)被廣泛應用,有研究表明EZH2和VEGF之間的表達具有調(diào)節(jié)作用,但是不同癌癥中結果不一致,在腎癌中的調(diào)節(jié)作用還不是很清楚。為了研究這兩個基因的病理特征和表達相關性,同時也為了更好的研究EZH2和VEGF基因在腎透明細胞癌中的作用和機制,我們收集了經(jīng)病理診斷為腎透明細胞癌的患者腫瘤組織185例,10例正常腎組織作為對照,采用免疫組化芯片對EZH2和VEGF蛋白的表達進行檢測,并結合患者的臨床特征以及總生存期進行綜合分析。為了研究EZH2和VEGF基因的功能,我們構建了EZH2基因的過表達質粒進行過表達實驗,,同時合成了該基因的干擾片段進行敲減實驗,選取786-O細胞株分別進行了增殖、凋亡和周期的相關的實驗,取得如下結果: (1)EZH2和VEGF蛋白在腎透明細胞癌患者組織中的表達檢測 為了檢測EZH2和VEGF蛋白在腎透明細胞癌患者腫瘤組織中的表達情況,我們對185例腎透明細胞癌患者腫瘤組織和10例正常對照采用免疫組化新片的方法進行檢測,芯片的結果顯示,EZH2基因在癌旁對照中沒有表達,而在腫瘤組織中出現(xiàn)表達,其中,低表達的患者有97例(97/185),高表達的患者有88例(88/185),主要表達在細胞核中,VEGF基因在癌旁和腫瘤中都有表達,在腫瘤組織中,低表達的患者有82例(82/185),高表達的患者有103例(103/185),主要表達在細胞質中。兩者表達水平的相關性分析結果顯示EZH2和VEGF蛋白表達水平呈顯著的正相關(相關系數(shù)為0.850,P0.001)。 (2)EZH2和VEGF蛋白表達水平于臨床特征以及生存期的相關性分析 為了分析EZH2和VEGF與腎透明細胞癌患者臨床特征之間的相關性,我們收集了患者的年齡、性別、病理等級、TNM分期以及是否出現(xiàn)遠處轉移等信息,分別與EZH2和VEGF蛋白表達水平進行相關性分析;分析結果顯示,兩個基因的表達水平與TNM分期顯著相關。EZH2低表達的患者Ⅰ-Ⅱ期有60例(60/97),Ⅲ-Ⅳ期的有37例(37/97);EZH2高表達的患者Ⅰ-Ⅱ期有38例(38/88),Ⅲ-Ⅳ期的有50例(50/88),差異顯著(P=0.013)。VEGF低表達的患者Ⅰ-Ⅱ期有32例(32/82),Ⅲ-Ⅳ期的有50例(50/82);VEGF高表達的患者Ⅰ-Ⅱ期有66例(66/103),Ⅲ-Ⅳ期的有37例(37/103),差異顯著(P=0.001)。EZH2和VEGF蛋白表達水平與遠處轉移也顯著相關(EZH2和VEGF的顯著性分布分別為P=0.011和P=0.038)。EZH2低表達的患者主要在低級別的腫瘤中(61%),而高表達的患者主要出現(xiàn)在高級別腫瘤中(57%)。EZH2和VEGF高表達主要分布在出現(xiàn)遠處轉移的患者中,EZH2和VEGF出現(xiàn)遠處轉移的比例分別為62%和67%。生存期分析中可以看出,EZH2低表達的患者平均總生存期為67.2個月,而高表達的患者平均總生存期僅為34.4個月,與低表達患者的平均總生存期相比,顯著下降(P0.001)。 (3)下調(diào)EZH2的表達對腎癌細胞周期、凋亡、增殖以及對VEGF表達的影響 為了比較全面的探索EZH2基因在腎透明細胞癌中的作用,我們采用siRNA的方法在786-O細胞系中對EZH2基因的表達進行干擾,檢測786-O細胞在周期、凋亡、增殖中的變化,同時檢測下調(diào)EZH2基因的表達對VEGF表達的影響。干擾EZH2基因的表達后,無論從RNA水平還是蛋白水平都有顯著的下降,并且可以顯著的降低VEGF的表達。免疫熒光的結果顯示,干擾EZH2的表達后,EZH2和VEGF的信號都大大降低,細胞增殖能力減弱。凋亡檢測的實驗中,干擾EZH2的表達可以顯著的促進細胞的凋亡,Hoechst33258檢測中2個干擾組的凋亡比例都增加了約2.5倍,在AnnexinV-PE的檢測中凋亡細胞的比例從對照組的7.7%增加到25.9%和27.6%。細胞周期的檢測結果顯示干擾EZH2的表達,細胞周期出現(xiàn)了G1期阻滯,G1期的細胞比例從46.65%分別增加到70.65%和68.29%,G2期的細胞比例從17.30%降到4.31%和5.36%,S期細胞從36.05%降到25.04%和26.35%。 (4)上調(diào)EZH2的表達對腎癌細胞周期、凋亡、增殖以及對VEGF表達的影響 為了進一步探索EZH2的表達對腎癌細胞周期、凋亡、增殖以及對VEGF表達的影響,我們采用過表達的方法在腎癌細胞系786-O中上調(diào)EZH2的表達,分別檢測了786-O細胞的周期、凋亡、增殖等生物學行為,同時檢測了VEGF基因的表達。結果顯示,上調(diào)EZH2的表達后,無論是RNA水平還是蛋白水平,EZH2和VEGF都顯著的上調(diào),免疫熒光的信號值也顯著的增加,同時也可以發(fā)現(xiàn)EZH2蛋白主要在細胞核中表達,而VEGF蛋白主要在細胞質中表達,細胞增殖能力顯著增加。凋亡檢測的實驗中發(fā)現(xiàn),過表達EZH2的表達可以顯著的降低凋亡細胞的比例,Hoechst33258檢測中下降了約50%,在AnnexinV-PE的檢測中凋亡細胞的比例從對照組的7.4%降低到3.4%。細胞周期檢測的結果顯示,過表達組中G1期細胞比例從52.71%降到31.46%,G2期細胞比例從16.62%增加到33.28%,S期的細胞比例從30.67%增加到35.26%。 本研究分別從腎透明細胞癌患者的腫瘤組織和腎癌細胞系對EZH2和VEGF在腎透明細胞癌中的作用機制進行研究,結果發(fā)現(xiàn),EZH2基因的表達水平與VEGF的表達水平顯著相關,EZH2基因可以顯著的調(diào)節(jié)VEGF基因的表達,并且兩者的表達水平與腎透明細胞癌患者的TNM分期、遠處轉移和生存期顯著相關,具有差的預后。EZH2基因的表達水平可以影響腎癌細胞的增殖、凋亡和細胞周期,在腎癌的發(fā)生中具有重要的作用。本研究揭示EZH2基因在腎透明細胞癌中的作用機制,明確了與VEGF基因之間的調(diào)節(jié)關系,為腎癌的發(fā)生提供了一個新的視野,可能為腎癌治療的提供一個重要的線索。
[Abstract]:Renal cell carcinoma is the third leading cause of cancer in the urinary system, about 120000 patients died of renal cancer worldwide, and there is a significant increase trend. Renal cell carcinoma is the main type of adult renal carcinoma, accounting for about 90% of all renal cell carcinoma, renal cell carcinoma is the morbidity and mortality of the main reasons.
EZH2 gene is a core member of the PRC complex, histone methyltransferase play the role, can be directly added in the 27 methyl lysines of histone H3, thus silencing gene expression, including tumor suppressor gene.EZH2 gene expression and the occurrence of many types of cancer related disorders, but especially in renal cell carcinoma clear cell renal cell carcinoma (Vascular endothelialgrowth factor) rarely.VEGF in tumor formation plays an important role in angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis in renal cell carcinoma, and poor prognosis, and anti VEGF has been widely used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, studies have shown that regulation of expression between EZH2 and VEGF with however, different cancer results are not consistent, regulatory role in renal cell carcinoma is not clear. In order to pathological features of these two genes and expression of the correlation, but also in order to better And Study on the mechanism of EZH2 and VEGF gene in renal clear cell carcinoma, we collected the tumor tissues of patients with pathologically diagnosed renal cell carcinoma in 185 cases, 10 cases of normal renal tissue as control group were detected by immune expression of EZH2 and VEGF protein chip, and combined with clinical features and overall survival were analyzed. In order to study the EZH2 and VEGF gene, we constructed the over expression of EZH2 gene plasmid expression experiments, and synthesis of the interference fragment of the gene by knockdown experiments, 786-O cell line was chosen respectively, proliferation, apoptosis and cycle of the related experimental results are as follows:
(1) expression of EZH2 and VEGF protein in the tissues of patients with renal clear cell carcinoma
In order to detect the expression of EZH2 and VEGF protein in renal cell cancer in the US in 185 cases of renal cell cancer and 10 normal controls by immunohistochemical method to detect the new chip, results show that the EZH2 gene had no expression on the photo in the adjacent, and appear in the tumor tissues, the low expression in 97 patients (97/185), high expression in 88 patients (88/185), mainly expressed in the nucleus, the VEGF gene is expressed in cancerous tissues and tumors, low expression in tumor tissue, 82 cases of patients (82/185), high the expression of 103 cases of patients (103/185), mainly expressed in the cytoplasm. The correlation analysis showed the expression level of the two was significantly correlated to the expression level of EZH2 protein and VEGF (r = 0.850, P0.001).
(2) correlation analysis of EZH2 and VEGF protein expression levels in clinical characteristics and survival period
涓轟簡鍒嗘瀽EZH2鍜孷EGF涓庤偩閫忔槑緇嗚優(yōu)鐧屾?zhèn)h呬復搴婄壒寰佷箣闂寸殑鐩稿叧鎬
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