發(fā)布時(shí)間：2021-10-23 03:11

　　醫(yī)學(xué)卷是李約瑟所著《中國(guó)科學(xué)技術(shù)史》的第六卷。本文旨在回答以下問(wèn)題：在李約瑟的現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下，醫(yī)學(xué)卷的文化局限性體現(xiàn)在哪些方面？通過(guò)詳細(xì)的文本分析，一方面，本文揭示了李約瑟在結(jié)構(gòu)布局方面的個(gè)人偏好：他選擇衛(wèi)生、防疫和法醫(yī)作為陳述中醫(yī)的主線。在分支內(nèi)容中，他在煉金術(shù)上施以濃墨重彩，卻在中草藥和巫醫(yī)方面一筆帶過(guò)。另一方面，本文指出李約瑟在理解中醫(yī)文化上的三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。首先，他混淆了中醫(yī)文化中的核心概念——五行和希臘文化中的四元素。其次，他在疾病和證（疾病的本質(zhì)）這兩個(gè)概念上，分別賦予了頗有爭(zhēng)議的客觀性和模糊性。最后，他沒(méi)有認(rèn)識(shí)到中醫(yī)治療急性病遜于西醫(yī)這個(gè)理念其實(shí)是社會(huì)構(gòu)建而成的。本文引入科學(xué)知識(shí)社會(huì)學(xué)方法論來(lái)分析李約瑟對(duì)史實(shí)篩選和文化誤讀的原因。科學(xué)知識(shí)社會(huì)學(xué)對(duì)科學(xué)進(jìn)行社會(huì)行為研究，矛頭直指現(xiàn)代科學(xué)知識(shí)的客觀性。本文對(duì)該理論中的范式轉(zhuǎn)變、科學(xué)多樣性和社會(huì)建構(gòu)三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行著重闡述，并以此反駁李約瑟的現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。雖然李約瑟不贊成韋伯思想中根深蒂固的歐洲中心主義，他仍屈服在現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的絕對(duì)權(quán)威之下。李約瑟套用西醫(yī)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)評(píng)判中醫(yī)，勢(shì)必?zé)o法抓住中醫(yī)文化的本質(zhì)和美。 

【文章來(lái)源】：廣東外語(yǔ)外貿(mào)大學(xué)廣東省

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：56 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Abstract
摘要
CONTENTS
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Introduction of Joseph Needham
    1.2 Contribution of Science and Civilization in China
    1.3 General Idea of Volume Six Medicine
    1.4 Reason for Researching the Volume of Medicine
    1.5 Previous Researches on Joseph Needham
    1.6 Research Question and Contribution of This Thesis
    1.7 Design and Distribution of the Content
CHAPTER TWO METHODOLOGY OF SOCIOLOGY OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
    2.1 Sociology of Scientific Knowledge in Conflict with Needham's Concept
    2.2 Needham's Perspectives on Oriental Study
    2.3 Marx and Weber's Influence on Joseph Needham
    2.4 Needham's Refusal of Euro-centrism
    2.5 Needham's Criterion of Modern Science
    2.6 Paradigm Shifts in SSK
    2.7 Diversity of science in SSK
    2.8 Social Construction in SSK
CHAPTER THREE NEEDHAM'S STRUCTURAL PREFERENCE
    3.1 Selection of Mainline to Illustrate Chinese Medical History
    3.2 Overlooked Herbal Medicine
    3.3 Over-emphasized Alchemic Culture
    3.4 Parrying Magico-religious Culture
CHAPTER FOUR NEEDHAM'S CULTURAL FALLACIES
    4.1 Wu Xing versus Six Diseases
    4.2 “Vagueness” of Zheng versus “Objectivity” of Disease
    4.3 Social Construction of Chinese Medicine's Inferiority in Curing Acute Disease
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION
WORKS CITED
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