本文選題：缺氧 + 認(rèn)知功能�。� 參考：《第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2001年碩士論文

【摘要】： 急性缺氧影響腦認(rèn)知功能，其主要表現(xiàn)是視、聽覺傳入通道反應(yīng) 時(shí)（Reaction time，RT）延長，腦事件相關(guān)電位（Event related potential， ERP）P_(300)成分潛時(shí)延長等方面。在現(xiàn)代航空飛行中，隨著飛機(jī)性能 的提高，計(jì)算機(jī)已經(jīng)在該領(lǐng)域得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，就如何提高飛行員 在以計(jì)算機(jī)為視頻顯示終端（Visual display terminal，VDT）的條件下 的視覺工效，其中亮度對(duì)比度是影響視覺工效問題的重要因素之一。 在急性缺氧條件下探討使腦認(rèn)知工效最佳的亮度對(duì)比度對(duì)提高飛行中 飛行員的認(rèn)知功能具有重要意義；聽覺通道是外界信息傳入的又一重 要通道，在現(xiàn)代航空中，由于大部分信息是依賴視覺通道傳入，必然 會(huì)引起視覺通道負(fù)荷太重，造成腦認(rèn)知工效下降，因此信息傳入的聽 覺通路日益引起工效學(xué)家的重視，已有研究表明在視、聽雙通道傳人 模式中腦認(rèn)知工效最高，故研究急性缺氧條件下最佳聲強(qiáng)值亦具有重 要意義。迄今為止對(duì)急性缺氧條件下腦認(rèn)知功能障礙的發(fā)生時(shí)段尚無 第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 一致認(rèn)識(shí)。 本實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)康脑谟冢洪T得出輕、中度缺氧條件下最佳亮度對(duì)比度 值；2）得出輕、中度缺氧條件下最佳聲強(qiáng)值；3）利用加因素法分析 地面及5 000m高低兩個(gè)不同高度，55dB及80dB強(qiáng)弱兩個(gè)不同聲強(qiáng) 的反應(yīng)時(shí)及P。。。潛時(shí)，得出腦功能障礙發(fā)生時(shí)段。通過以上研究為航 空工效學(xué)的研究及制訂相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供人體實(shí)驗(yàn)依據(jù)。 本研究以14名健康男性青年作為被試者，分別在地面、1500m、 3000m、5000m進(jìn)行5個(gè)不同亮度對(duì)比度（8：1，10：1，12：l，14：1， 16：1）的視覺oddball測(cè)試和5種不同聲強(qiáng)值（55、60、70、80、85dB） 的聽覺 oddbal測(cè)試，屏幕亮度設(shè)為 20cdimdjm，環(huán)境噪聲為 30dB，實(shí) 驗(yàn)采用完全隨機(jī)設(shè)計(jì)，即在不同高度、不同亮度對(duì)比度及不同聲強(qiáng)值 之間完全隨機(jī)。實(shí)驗(yàn)分兩部分，先進(jìn)行不同亮度對(duì)比度部分的實(shí)驗(yàn)， 后進(jìn)行不同聲強(qiáng)值部分的實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)中測(cè)試視覺、聽覺 oddball任務(wù) 的反應(yīng)時(shí)，腦事件相關(guān)電位P。。。成分潛伏期，監(jiān)測(cè)血氧飽和度，主觀 感覺評(píng)定等項(xiàng)生理心理學(xué)指標(biāo)。 主要實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下： 1．在不同高度的不同亮度對(duì)比度任務(wù)間，P刪潛時(shí)、RT的差別 隨高度的不同而不同，在地面及1500In，P。潛時(shí)、RT在各對(duì)比度 任務(wù)間無顯著差別，而在3 000m及 5 000m高度，P刪潛時(shí)、RT在對(duì) 比度為14：1時(shí)比其它對(duì)比度時(shí)的巳。潛時(shí)、RT顯著縮短。表明在輕 度缺氧條件下（01 500In），對(duì)比度的變化對(duì)腦認(rèn)知功能無明顯影響； 中度缺氧條件下，腦認(rèn)知功能隨亮度對(duì)比度增加而提高，在屏幕亮度 為 20Cdjm時(shí)，最佳對(duì)比度為 14：l。 2．在地面最佳聲強(qiáng)值為60～70dB，在1500m輕度缺氧條件下， 最佳聲強(qiáng)值仍為60～70dB，，表明輕度缺氧對(duì)聽覺通道影響不顯著。 11 9 第四軍醫(yī)大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文 在3 000m、5 000m高度最佳聲強(qiáng)值提高至70～80dB，這一結(jié)果表明 以聽覺為通道傳導(dǎo)的腦認(rèn)知工效在3 000In及5 000m時(shí)下降，需加大 聲強(qiáng)才能保持原有水平。 3．在 5 000n高度聽覺反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著延長，高聲強(qiáng)刺激信號(hào)時(shí) （80dB）反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著縮短；高度與聲強(qiáng)間存在交互作用，根據(jù)加因素 法理論分析，本實(shí)驗(yàn)得出的結(jié)論是缺氧影響腦對(duì)信息反應(yīng)過程的前加 工階段。 通過以上研究，得出輕、中度缺氧條件下最佳亮度對(duì)比度值及 聲強(qiáng)值，并對(duì)急性缺氧腦功能障礙的發(fā)生時(shí)段進(jìn)行了初步的探討，但 本實(shí)驗(yàn)僅對(duì)特定條件下（一定的環(huán)境條件如屏幕背景亮度、照度和環(huán) 境噪聲）的最佳亮度對(duì)比度值和聲強(qiáng)值進(jìn)行了探討，對(duì)不同實(shí)驗(yàn)條件 下的最佳亮度對(duì)比度值及聲強(qiáng)值尚需進(jìn)一步實(shí)驗(yàn)得出。
[Abstract]:Acute hypoxia affects brain cognitive function , and its main manifestations are visual and auditory afferent pathways .









time ( RT ) extension , brain event related potential ,









ERP ) P _ ( 300 ) component latent time extension and so on . In modern aviation flight , with the aircraft performance









With the improvement of the computer , the computer has been widely used in this field , so how to improve the pilot









In the case of a computer - based video display terminal ( VDT ) ,









The degree of luminance contrast is one of the most important factors that affect the visual work efficiency .









Under the condition of acute hypoxia , the best brightness contrast of brain cognitive work is discussed .









The cognitive function of the pilot is of great significance .
The auditory channel is another important part of the external information









in modern aviation , because most of that information depend on the introduction of visual channel ,









The visual channel load is too heavy to cause the brain cognitive work efficiency to decrease , so the information is passed in









More attention has been paid to the sense pathway , which has been shown to be a double - channel person in sight and listening .









The best sound intensity value in the study of acute hypoxia was also the highest in the model .









To date , the occurrence period of brain cognitive dysfunction in acute hypoxic condition has not been studied .





























Master ' s Degree in the Fourth Military Medical University









Consistent understanding .









The purpose of this experiment was to get the best brightness contrast under mild and moderate hypoxia conditions .









Value ;
2 ) obtaining the best sound intensity value under the condition of light and moderate hypoxia ;
3 ) Analysis of using factor analysis









Two different heights , 55dB and 80dB strength and two different sound intensity on the ground and the height of 5 m









Reaction time and P . . At the time of latent period , the time period of brain dysfunction can be obtained .









The study of air ergonomics and the development of relevant standards provide the basis for human experiment .









In this study , 14 healthy male young people were employed as subjects in the ground , 1500m , respectively .









5 different luminance contrast ratios ( 8 : 1 , 10 : 1 , 12 : l , 14 : 1 ,









16 : 1 ) Visual oddball test and 5 different sound intensity values ( 55 , 60 , 70 , 80 , 85 dB )









hearing oddbal test with screen brightness of 20cdimdjm , ambient noise of 30dB , real









Complete random design is adopted , i.e . at different heights , different brightness contrast degrees and different sound intensity values









the experiment is divided into two parts , the experiments of different brightness contrast parts are carried out first ,









Experiments with different sound intensity values were performed to test the visual and auditory oddball tasks in the experiment .









During the response , the brain event - related potential P . . component latency , monitoring blood oxygen saturation , subjective









sensory evaluation and other physiological psychology indexes .









The main experimental results are as follows :









1 . Difference in RT when P is deleted between different brightness contrast tasks at different heights









Different from height , at ground and 1500In , P . , RT at each contrast









There is no significant difference between tasks , while at the height of 3 m and 5 m , P is deleted , RT is right









When the ratio is 14 : 1 , the RT is significantly shorter than the other contrast when the contrast ratio is 14 : 1 .









Under the condition of hypoxia ( 01 500In ) , the change of contrast had no obvious effect on the cognitive function of the brain ;










Under moderate hypoxia condition , the brain cognitive function is increased with the increase of brightness contrast degree , at the screen brightness ,









When 20Cdjm is 20Cdjm , the optimum contrast is 14 : l .









2 . the best sound intensity value of the ground is 60 - 70dB , under the condition of mild anoxia of 1500m ,









The best sound intensity was still 60 锝

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