【摘要】：(1)背景:與運(yùn)動(dòng)有關(guān)的心源性猝死(猝死大致分三類,心源性、腦源性和其它,這里一般指心源性運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死。下同),不僅經(jīng)常發(fā)生在高水平運(yùn)動(dòng)員身上,還頻見于非高水平體育競(jìng)賽參與者群體。2012年5月,本研究在德國(guó)開展,通過(guò)對(duì)全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死事件的調(diào)查,來(lái)分析其主要誘因。(2)方法:采用前瞻性研究,通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)搜集、記錄并分析案例,并輔以15家法醫(yī)機(jī)構(gòu)和媒體監(jiān)測(cè)到的案例作為補(bǔ)充。在本研究中,運(yùn)動(dòng)相關(guān)心源性猝死被界定為:在參與體育運(yùn)動(dòng)期間或停止后1小時(shí)內(nèi)出現(xiàn)的死亡(無(wú)論復(fù)蘇成功與否)。研究對(duì)象包括不同級(jí)別賽事中不同水平的運(yùn)動(dòng)員,以及日常體育鍛煉參與者。(3)結(jié)果:經(jīng)過(guò)30個(gè)月的觀察,本研究搜集并分析了144個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死樣本(平均年齡46.816.2歲)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),德國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死的總體發(fā)病率為每年每百萬(wàn)人1.2至1.5例,其中97%為男性。大多數(shù)猝死出現(xiàn)在非高水平體育比賽賽場(chǎng)。足球和跑步是事故發(fā)生最多的體育項(xiàng)目。年齡在三十五歲及以下的所有猝死案例中,心肌炎是最常見誘因。年齡在三十五歲以上的的體育參與者猝死中,冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病是主要誘因,也有少量心肌病導(dǎo)致的運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死被發(fā)現(xiàn)。(4)結(jié)論:在德國(guó),運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死最大的比例出現(xiàn)于"參與非高水平體育比賽或進(jìn)行日常體育鍛煉的中年男性"群體。歐洲各國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng)猝死的主要誘因有所不同。本研究揭示了對(duì)參與者進(jìn)行心臟篩查的重要性。尤其是在非高水平體育競(jìng)賽項(xiàng)目開賽之前,應(yīng)篩查并確認(rèn)青少年參與者是否患有心肌炎。
[Abstract]:(1) background: sudden cardiac death related to exercise (sudden death can be divided into three categories, cardiogenic, brain-derived and others, which generally refers to sudden cardiac motor death. It often occurs not only in high-level athletes, but also in non-high-level sports competition participants. In May 2012, this study was carried out in Germany, through the investigation of sudden sports death events throughout the country. To analyze the main inducements. (2) methods: prospective research was used to collect, record and analyze cases through network platform, supplemented by cases monitored by 15 forensic institutions and media. In this study, sudden exercise-related cardiac death was defined as death (whether successful or not) during or within 1 hour after participating in sports. The subjects included athletes at different levels of events, as well as participants in daily physical exercise. (3) results: after 30 months of observation, In this study, 144 samples of sudden motor death (mean age 46.816.2 years) were collected and analyzed. The study found that the overall incidence of sudden exercise death in Germany was 1.2 to 1.5 per million people per year, 97 per cent of whom were men. Most sudden deaths occur in non-high-level sports competitions. Football and running are the sports with the most accidents. Myocarditis is the most common cause of sudden death at the age of 35 and below. Coronary artery disease is the main cause of sudden death in sports participants over 35 years of age, and a small number of sudden exercise deaths caused by cardiomyopathy have been found. (4) conclusion: in Germany, The largest proportion of sudden sports death occurs in the group of middle-aged men who participate in non-high-level sports competitions or engage in daily physical exercise. The main causes of sudden sports death vary from country to country in Europe. This study reveals the importance of heart screening for participants. Especially before non-high-level sports events begin, young participants should be screened and identified for myocarditis.
【作者單位】： 薩爾大學(xué)運(yùn)動(dòng)與預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)院;泉州師范學(xué)院體育學(xué)院;河南大學(xué)第一附屬醫(yī)院;
【分類號(hào)】：R873

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