【摘要】：目的：通過觀察兩組游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員的不同訓(xùn)練安排及其訓(xùn)練效果,探究訓(xùn)練安排對(duì)訓(xùn)練效果的影響。方法：研究對(duì)象為A、B兩組游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員,各6人,分別隸屬于兩名教練,每組執(zhí)行各自的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。觀察記錄其為期3周的訓(xùn)練安排。訓(xùn)練前后進(jìn)行50m、100m、200m以及5×200m遞增負(fù)荷測(cè)試,記錄成績和血乳酸值。每周周一以及第四周周一監(jiān)測(cè)Hb、WBC和BU,第一和第四周同時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)T。訓(xùn)練過程禁用營養(yǎng)品,正常飲食。分析訓(xùn)練安排特點(diǎn)、訓(xùn)練前后測(cè)試以及監(jiān)控指標(biāo)的變化。 結(jié)果： 1A組訓(xùn)練量逐周遞增,除去任意游,平均48540m／周,有、無氧訓(xùn)練分別占87.1%和12.9%。強(qiáng)度主要集中在REC、EN1和EN2,少量EN3、SP3訓(xùn)練,沒有SPI、SP2訓(xùn)練。 2A組訓(xùn)練前后的50m、100m和200m以及遞增負(fù)荷測(cè)試的成績變化不大,沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；血乳酸值都降低,有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 3A組Hb持續(xù)下降,下降了13%；BU先上升后下降,變化幅度不大,都在正常范圍內(nèi)；WBC先下降后上升,并且變化幅度不大；男運(yùn)動(dòng)員T下降了12.4%,女運(yùn)動(dòng)員下降了36.7%。 4B組訓(xùn)練量逐周遞增,除去任意游,平均35200m/周,有、無氧訓(xùn)練分別占91.4%和8.6%,強(qiáng)度主要集中在REC、EN1和EN2,少量EN3、SP1、SP3訓(xùn)練,沒有SP2訓(xùn)練。 5B組訓(xùn)練前后的50m、100m和200m以及遞增負(fù)荷測(cè)試的成績變化都不大,沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義；血乳酸值都有所降低,100m和200m測(cè)試后血乳酸變化有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,其他沒有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。 6B組Hb先上升后下降,變化幅度不大;BU緩慢上升,變化幅度非常小,并且在正常范圍之內(nèi);WBC先下降后回升,變化幅度不大,在正常范圍之內(nèi)：T下降,變化幅度不大。 結(jié)論： 1A組的主要目的足訓(xùn)練運(yùn)動(dòng)員的有氧能力,運(yùn)動(dòng)員經(jīng)過三周的訓(xùn)練,無氧能力變化不大,有氧能力有明顯提高。通過生理生化監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn),Hb和T下降幅度偏大。因此,平均48540m／周的訓(xùn)練量對(duì)于A組運(yùn)動(dòng)員偏大。 2B組的主要目的是訓(xùn)練運(yùn)動(dòng)員的有氧能力,運(yùn)動(dòng)員經(jīng)過三周的訓(xùn)練,無氧能力變化不大,有氧能力有所提高,但是幅度不大。通過生理生化監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn),Hb、WBC、血尿素和血睪酮變化幅度都不大。因此,平均35200m／周的訓(xùn)練量對(duì)于B組運(yùn)動(dòng)員偏小。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the influence of training arrangement on training effect by observing different training arrangement and training effect of two groups of swimmers. Methods: two groups of swimming athletes, six in each group, were assigned to two coaches, and each group carried out their own training plan. Observe and record the training schedule for 3 weeks. Before and after the training, 50m / 100m / 200m and 5 脳 200m incremental load tests were carried out to record the results and blood lactic acid values. Monitor Hb,WBC and BU, on Monday and week four at the same time. No nutrition during training, normal diet. Analyze the characteristics of training schedule, test before and after training and the change of monitoring index. Results: the training volume of group 1A increased week by week, except for any tour, the average 48540m/ week was 87.1% and 12.9%, respectively. The intensity is mainly concentrated in REC,EN1 and EN2, little EN3,SP3 training, no SPI,SP2 training. Before and after training, the scores of 50m / 100m and 200m and incremental load test in group 2A were not significantly changed, but the blood lactic acid value was decreased, which was statistically significant. In the 3A group, the Hb decreased continuously, 13% of BU increased first and then decreased, the range of change was not significant, the WBC decreased first and then increased, and the range of change was not significant. Male athlete T dropped 12.4m, female athlete dropped 36.7%. 4in group B, the amount of training increased week by week, except for any tour, the average 35200m/ week was 91.4% and 8.6%, respectively. The intensity of training was mainly concentrated in REC,EN1 and EN2, little EN3,SP1,SP3 training, but no SP2 training. 5before and after training, the scores of 50m / 100m, 200m and incremental load test in group B were not significantly changed, but the blood lactic acid values were decreased, the changes of blood lactic acid were statistically significant after 100m and 200m tests, but no statistical significance was found in other tests. In 6B group, Hb increased at first and then decreased, and the range of change was not large; BU rose slowly, and the range of change was very small, and the range of WBC decreased at first, then rose again, the range of change was not big, within the normal range: t decreased, the range of change was not big. Conclusion: the main purpose of group 1A is to train the aerobic capacity of athletes. After three weeks of training, the anaerobic capacity of the athletes has little change, and the aerobic capacity is obviously improved. Physiological and biochemical monitoring showed that the decrease of Hb and T was on the high side. Therefore, the average amount of 48540m/ week training for group A athletes is larger. The main purpose of group 2B is to train the aerobic capacity of athletes. After three weeks of training, the anaerobic capacity of the athletes has little change, but the aerobic capacity has been improved, but the range is not large. By physiological and biochemical monitoring, Hb,WBC, blood urea and testosterone changes were not significant. Therefore, the average 35200m/ week training for group B athletes is small.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R87

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