本文選題：蹦床 + 脊柱腰段�。� 參考：《中國(guó)學(xué)校體育(高等教育)》2016年06期

【摘要】：運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)資料法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法、專家訪談法、實(shí)地觀察法等研究方法,綜合生物學(xué)和訓(xùn)練學(xué)兩大學(xué)科視角,對(duì)我國(guó)高水平蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)員脊柱腰段損傷的總體特征和致傷因素進(jìn)行了全面深入地分析與探討。研究表明,我國(guó)高水平蹦床運(yùn)動(dòng)員脊柱腰段損傷率高達(dá)83.3%,前三大損傷類型為腰肌勞損、腰扭傷、腰椎間盤突出,其生物學(xué)致因在于生理解剖結(jié)構(gòu)弱點(diǎn)、局部過(guò)勞加速生理性退變以及違背生物力學(xué)原理的運(yùn)動(dòng);訓(xùn)練學(xué)角度主觀因素主要在于不合理的技術(shù)動(dòng)作、注意力不穩(wěn)定、局部負(fù)荷過(guò)重和力量素質(zhì)欠佳,客觀因素主要為高危的項(xiàng)目特征和技術(shù)動(dòng)作的復(fù)雜性。針對(duì)梳理出的脊柱腰段致傷機(jī)理,最終在損傷防護(hù)、力量訓(xùn)練、技術(shù)訓(xùn)練和心智訓(xùn)練方面提出應(yīng)增強(qiáng)對(duì)康復(fù)性功能訓(xùn)練理念的應(yīng)用,強(qiáng)化核心力量的訓(xùn)練和全身力量的均衡、對(duì)稱發(fā)展,加強(qiáng)情緒調(diào)控能力和專注力的訓(xùn)練等指導(dǎo)性建議。
[Abstract]:Using the methods of literature, questionnaire, expert interview, field observation and so on, and integrating the perspectives of biology and training. The general characteristics and causes of spinal injury in high level trampoline athletes in China were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the injury rate of spine and lumbar segment of high level trampoline athletes in China is as high as 83.3%. The first three types of injuries are lumbar muscle strain, lumbar sprain, lumbar disc herniation, the biological cause of which lies in the weakness of anatomical structure. Local overstrain accelerates physiologic degeneration and violates biomechanical principles. Subjective factors of training angle are unreasonable technical action, unstable attention, local overloading and poor quality of strength. Objective factors are mainly high-risk project characteristics and complexity of technical action. In view of the injury mechanism of combed spine and lumbar segment, in the aspects of injury prevention, strength training, technical training and mental training, it was suggested that the application of the concept of rehabilitation function training should be strengthened, and the training of core strength and the balance of whole body strength should be strengthened. Symmetrical development, strengthening the ability of emotional regulation and concentration training and other guiding suggestions.
【作者單位】： 山西醫(yī)科大學(xué);北京體育大學(xué);國(guó)家蹦床訓(xùn)練基地;
【基金】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)校級(jí)科研青年基金項(xiàng)目(項(xiàng)目編號(hào):02201527)
【分類號(hào)】：R873;G838

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