本文選題：晶格模型 + 紅骨髓��； 參考：《華中科技大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著人類科學(xué)發(fā)展,電離輻射在醫(yī)學(xué)、科研、工業(yè)等領(lǐng)域得到廣泛的使用，，不過隨著而來的輻射造成人體組織器官危害逐漸增多，尤其是對輻射最為敏感的紅骨髓組織。在臨床腫瘤圖像引導(dǎo)的放射治療過程中，由于CT和MRI等醫(yī)學(xué)成像方法無法區(qū)分骨骼中的紅骨髓等成分，紅骨髓一般是和骨骼其他部分作為均勻的混合組織進(jìn)行分析，因此會(huì)造成劑量評估偏差。基于中國數(shù)字人（VCH）男性模型，研究骨骼細(xì)分結(jié)構(gòu)的劑量分布對臨床腫瘤放療有重要參考意義。 本文在VCH男性晶格模型基礎(chǔ)上，對模型中的骨骼系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行精細(xì)分割，骨骼系統(tǒng)被細(xì)分成紅骨髓、皮質(zhì)骨、骨小梁和黃骨髓等四部分，同時(shí)對167塊骨骼的位置進(jìn)行標(biāo)識。基于XHA600直線加速頭，使用BEAMnrc和DOSXYZnrc蒙特卡羅模擬系統(tǒng)實(shí)現(xiàn)放療中劑量計(jì)算過程。在此基礎(chǔ)上，本文對前列腺癌放療下人體骨骼輻射劑量進(jìn)行了評估研究。 主要研究結(jié)果如下： （1）通過對骨骼分割結(jié)果分析可知，各類骨骼占總骨骼的質(zhì)量分?jǐn)?shù)與文獻(xiàn)參考值相差大部分都在2%以內(nèi)，與ICRP89參考值的誤差范圍相差也不會(huì)大于1%。構(gòu)建了能夠比較真實(shí)的反映出人體的解剖結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)字人骨骼系統(tǒng)。 （2）構(gòu)建加速器治療頭的虛擬源模型。經(jīng)過計(jì)算比較，水箱檢測的模擬計(jì)算數(shù)據(jù)和測量數(shù)據(jù)的誤差小于3%，低于文獻(xiàn)所規(guī)定的劑量計(jì)算誤差標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 （3）前列腺癌放療下，通過劑量比較發(fā)現(xiàn)：紅骨髓與皮質(zhì)骨、骨小梁受到的輻射劑量差異達(dá)20%，而紅骨髓與黃骨髓差異在3.1%以內(nèi)。只對紅骨髓劑量影響進(jìn)行分析，紅骨髓的輻射劑量與靶區(qū)體積正相關(guān)，但由于受到靶區(qū)與紅骨髓幾何結(jié)構(gòu)的影響，以0°（左側(cè)）與180°（右側(cè)）射野在外擴(kuò)0.6cm后紅骨髓受劑量的體積分?jǐn)?shù)基本保持不變。 由骨骼各部分劑量分布結(jié)果可知，當(dāng)紅骨髓在計(jì)算模型中難以區(qū)分時(shí)，均勻處理骨髓的輻射劑量近似作為紅骨髓的結(jié)果是可行的。本研究構(gòu)建的包含有精細(xì)骨骼系統(tǒng)的VCH模型，能夠在對癌癥放療方案中射野角度、相應(yīng)射野權(quán)重以及計(jì)劃靶區(qū)范圍選擇時(shí)提供骨骼各部分尤其是紅骨髓受到的輻射劑量參考。
[Abstract]:With the development of human science, ionizing radiation has been widely used in medicine, scientific research, industry and other fields. However, with the radiation, the harm of human tissues and organs is increasing gradually, especially the most sensitive red bone marrow tissue. In the course of radiotherapy guided by clinical tumor images, because medical imaging methods such as CT and MRI can not distinguish the components of bone such as red bone marrow, red bone marrow and other parts of bone are generally analyzed as homogeneous mixed tissues. This can result in a dose assessment bias. Based on the Chinese digital human VCH male model, it is important to study the dose distribution of bone subdivision structure for clinical tumor radiotherapy. Based on the VCH male lattice model, the skeletal system in the model is divided into four parts: red bone marrow, cortical bone, trabecular bone and yellow bone marrow. Based on XHA600 linear accelerator, BEAMnrc and DOSXYZnrc Monte Carlo simulation system are used to calculate dose in radiotherapy. On this basis, we evaluated the radiation dose of human bone under radiotherapy for prostate cancer. The main findings are as follows: Through the analysis of the result of bone segmentation, it can be seen that the difference between the mass fraction of all kinds of bone and the reference value of the literature is less than 2%, and the error range of the reference value of ICRP89 is not larger than that of the reference value of ICRP89. A digital human skeleton system which can reflect the anatomical structure of human body is constructed. The virtual source model of accelerator therapy head was constructed. Through calculation and comparison, the error between the simulated calculation data and the measured data of water tank detection is less than 3, which is lower than the standard of dose calculation error stipulated in the literature. 3) under radiotherapy for prostate cancer, the difference of radiation dose between red bone marrow and cortical bone, trabecular bone was 20, but the difference between red bone marrow and yellow bone marrow was less than 3.1%. The radiation dose of the red bone marrow was positively correlated with the volume of the target, but was affected by the geometric structure of the target and the red bone marrow. After 0 擄(left) and 180 擄(right) field were used to expand 0.6cm, the volume fraction of red bone marrow dose remained unchanged. According to the results of dose distribution in different parts of bone, when it is difficult to distinguish the red bone marrow in the calculation model, it is feasible to treat the radiation dose of bone marrow uniformly as the result of the red bone marrow. The VCH model with fine bone system can provide the radiation dose reference for all parts of bone, especially the red bone marrow, when the angle of radiation field, the weight of radiation field and the selection of target range are selected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R814.2

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

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