本文選題：術(shù)中放療 + 移動(dòng)式加速器��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：[目的] 隨著移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放療電子加速器在術(shù)中放療中的日益廣泛應(yīng)用,進(jìn)一步規(guī)范移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放療電子加速器的科學(xué)使用和防護(hù)最優(yōu)化,并制定相應(yīng)衛(wèi)生防護(hù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是十分必要的。本論文旨在通過對(duì)術(shù)中放療手術(shù)室內(nèi)外場(chǎng)所在加速器不同能量、不同水平高度和不同方位角度時(shí)的劑量分布特征研究,為制定相應(yīng)防護(hù)措施與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)提供可信的科學(xué)研究和基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。以規(guī)范移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放療電子加速器的合理正當(dāng)使用,確保相關(guān)放射工作人員與周圍人員的健康和安全。 [方法] 本研究采用熱釋光劑量計(jì)(TLD)三維空間布點(diǎn)的方法,對(duì)移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放療電子加速器手術(shù)室內(nèi)的劑量場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了測(cè)量。首先對(duì)熱釋光劑量片在使用前進(jìn)行了篩選,使得分散性小于2%,整個(gè)劑量測(cè)量系統(tǒng)在使用前經(jīng)過上海計(jì)量測(cè)試技術(shù)研究院刻度校準(zhǔn)。把處理好的將熱釋光劑量計(jì)進(jìn)行退火處理,將退火后的熱釋光劑量計(jì)三個(gè)一組放入透明硅膠管中并編號(hào)。然后以移動(dòng)加速器(Mobetron)射線中心軸為中心軸,分別在50cm,100cm,150cm,200cm四個(gè)高度平面上以米字型放射狀圍繞加速器中心軸每隔45°呈直線布放。距中心軸每隔50cm處分別布放熱釋光劑量計(jì)；在事先標(biāo)記好的所有位置上布放好劑量計(jì)組。加速器機(jī)頭和機(jī)架均處設(shè)為0°；輻射場(chǎng)分布測(cè)量時(shí)一律采用10cm直徑、0°端面限光筒；下方連接一專用圓柱形聚乙烯模體(13.5cm*8.5cm),把Mobetron移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放療電子加速器分別在4、6、9、12MeV4個(gè)能量檔(其中最常用能量9MeV重點(diǎn)測(cè)量)的條件,以10Gy/min劑量率出束1Min后讀出劑量計(jì)。在手術(shù)室內(nèi)還用電離室劑量計(jì)在個(gè)別點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了劑量數(shù)據(jù)比較。對(duì)手術(shù)室外四周與上下樓層進(jìn)行了多次外照射防護(hù)劑量檢測(cè),綜合分析考慮移動(dòng)式電子加速器的劑量場(chǎng)分布特點(diǎn)。 [結(jié)果] 在移動(dòng)式電子加速器(Mobetron)以10Gy/min劑量率出束1Min條件下,最常用能量檔9MeV時(shí),高度為100cm的平面上,距中心參考點(diǎn)50、100、150和200cm處的劑量當(dāng)量平均值分別為1.69×103、7.56×102、3.95x102和2.41×102μSv；在距中心參考點(diǎn)50cm不同角度上的劑量與平均值最大相差9.1%。9MeV時(shí)50、100、150和200cm4個(gè)高度平面各方向距中心軸100cm處,平均劑量分別為5.27x102、7.56x102、5.70x102和1.41×102μSv。而4、6、9和12MeV在100cm高度平面90°上,距中心軸100cm處的劑量分別為5.73×101、4.86×102、6.89×102和7.81×102μSv。距離中心軸300cm以上時(shí),輻射劑量明顯下降,一般低于100μSv,300cm外的變化則趨于一致,距離中心軸600cm處最小值為14.8μSv。 [結(jié)論] 本研究表明術(shù)中放療加速器手術(shù)室內(nèi)部輻射場(chǎng)具有如下劑量特征：同一能量時(shí),同一平面各角度上劑量都隨距離增大呈冪指數(shù)衰減；同一高度平面,不同角度的劑量分布基本一致。不同高度平面上,100cm平面的劑量最大。不同能量檔,劑量隨能量的增高而增大。發(fā)現(xiàn)加速器在不同能量(4、6、9、12MeV),不同水平高度(0.5m、1.0m、1.5m、2.0m),在手術(shù)室內(nèi)不同方位(45°、90°、135°、180°),其距離加速器中心軸的不同距離(1m、2m、3m、4m、5m、6m)之間的劑量率變化規(guī)律均顯示在距加速器中心軸為3m時(shí),手術(shù)室內(nèi)該處劑量率即明顯降低,并隨之趨向幅度較小的平緩下降。故認(rèn)為距中心軸3m即為劑量率明顯降低的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。綜合考慮上述術(shù)中放射治療手術(shù)室內(nèi)的劑量分布特點(diǎn),并以此為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)編制提供相應(yīng)依據(jù),提出術(shù)中放射治療手術(shù)室面積應(yīng)不小于36m2,層高應(yīng)不小于3.5m,加速器在手術(shù)室內(nèi)的定位點(diǎn)除外墻外應(yīng)距各側(cè)墻體不小于3m的相關(guān)建議。并綜合考慮手術(shù)室承重情況,經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和易于實(shí)現(xiàn)操作等因素,給出了移動(dòng)式電子加速器在術(shù)中放射治療中的放射防護(hù)綜合要求。
[Abstract]:[Objective]
With the increasing application of the electron accelerator in the intraoperative radiotherapy, it is necessary to further standardize the scientific use and protection of the electronic accelerator in the mobile operation, and to establish the corresponding health protection standards. This paper aims to pass the different energy of the accelerator in the operation of the intraoperative radiotherapy. The dose distribution characteristics of different levels and different azimuth angles are studied to provide reliable scientific research and basic data for the formulation of corresponding protective measures and standards to standardize the rational and proper use of the electronic accelerator in the mobile operation and to ensure the health and safety of the related workers and the people around them.
[method]
In this study, the method of three-dimensional space distribution of the thermoluminescence dosimeter (TLD) was used to measure the dose field in the operating room of the electron accelerator in the mobile operation. First, the thermoluminescence dose tablets were screened before use, making the dispersion less than 2%. The whole dose measurement system was used before the Shanghai Metrology Institute. Calibration. The annealed thermoluminescence dosimeters are annealed and three groups of annealed thermoluminescence dosimeters are placed in the transparent silicon tube and numbered. Then the central axis of the Mobetron ray center axis is placed on the four height planes of the 50cm, 100cm, 150cm, 200cm, and the accelerator is radiated around the accelerator. The center axis is arranged in a straight line every 45 degrees. The heat release dosimeter is distributed every 50cm at the center axis, and the dosimeter is distributed in all positions marked in advance. The accelerator head and the frame are set to 0 degrees; the radiation field distribution is measured with the 10cm diameter and the 0 degree end face limit cylinder; the lower part is connected with a special cylindrical polyb. The 13.5cm*8.5cm, the Mobetron mobile radiotherapy electron accelerator in 4,6,9,12MeV4 energy files (the most commonly used energy 9MeV, which is the most commonly used energy measurement), is used to read out the dosimeters after a 10Gy/min dose rate of 1Min. In the operating room, the ionization chamber dosimeter is also used to compare the dose data at the individual point. Four Multiple doses of external radiation protection were tested in weekly and upper floors, and the distribution characteristics of dose fields in mobile electron accelerators were comprehensively analyzed.
[results]
In the mobile electron accelerator (Mobetron), under the 10Gy/min dose rate of 1Min, the most commonly used energy file 9MeV, on a plane with a height of 100cm, the average dose equivalent of 50100150 and 200cm at the center reference point is 1.69 * 103,7.56 x 102,3.95x102 and 2.41 * 102 micron respectively, and the dose at different angles from the center reference point 50cm. The maximum difference of 9.1%.9MeV between the 50100150 and 200cm4 height planes at the center axis 100cm, the average dose is 5.27x102,7.56x102,5.70x102 and 1.41 x 102 mu Sv., 4,6,9 and 12MeV at the 100cm height plane 90 degrees, and the dosage from the center axis 100cm is 5.73 x 101,4.86 x 102,6.89 x 102 and 7.81 * 102 micron Sv. distances, respectively. When the central axis is above 300cm, the radiation dose decreases obviously, generally less than 100 Sv, and the change outside 300cm tends to be consistent. The minimum distance from the central axis 600cm is 14.8 Sv..
[Conclusion]
This study shows that the radiation field of the intraoperative radiotherapy accelerator has the following dose characteristics: the same energy, the dose on the same plane is exponentially attenuated with the distance; the dose distribution of the different angles is basically the same at the same height plane. The dose of the 100cm plane is the largest on the plane of different heights. Different energy files and agents The quantity of the accelerator at different energy (4,6,9,12MeV), different level (0.5m, 1.0m, 1.5m, 2.0m) in different directions (45, 90, 135, 180) in the operating room (1m, 2m, 3M, 4m, 5m, 6m) of the accelerator was found at the center axis of the accelerator at the center axis of the accelerator. The dose rate of the operating room was obviously reduced, and the trend was smaller. Therefore, it was considered that the distance from the center axis 3M was the turning point of the dose rate obviously decreasing. The product should be not less than 36m2, the height of the layer should be not less than 3.5m, the relative suggestion that the accelerator should be located in the operating room except the outer wall is not less than 3m, and the factors such as the load-bearing situation in the operation room, the economic strength and the easy operation are taken into consideration, and the radiation protection of the mobile electronic accelerator in the intraoperative radiotherapy is given. Ask.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R730.55;R146

【共引文獻(xiàn)】

中國(guó)期刊全文數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 前4條

1 徐鵬;程素潔;;術(shù)中放療與外科手術(shù)聯(lián)合治療骨惡性腫瘤臨床研究[J];中國(guó)輻射衛(wèi)生;2014年05期

2 馮林春;馬林;韋立新;曲寶林;楊東;徐壽平;;單次大劑量照射大鼠頭頸部后組織的病理改變[J];腫瘤學(xué)雜志;2008年07期

3 鞠忠建;鞏漢順;王運(yùn)來;;Mobetron移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放療加速器的短期穩(wěn)定性分析[J];醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生裝備;2010年11期

4 鞠忠建;鞏漢順;王運(yùn)來;;可移動(dòng)式術(shù)中放射治療加速器(Mobetron)長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定性分析[J];中國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)物理學(xué)雜志;2010年04期

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本文編號(hào)：1808554