本文選題：飛行員 + 模擬輕度失重�。� 參考：《南京航空航天大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：在正常飛行過程中,飛行員經(jīng)常會處于輕度失重狀態(tài)。相對重度失重引起的眩暈及紅視等問題,輕度失重問題長期被忽視。當人處于失重狀態(tài)時,因為流體靜水壓差消失血流向頭部轉(zhuǎn)移,所以可以導致腦的灌注和代謝改變,進而影響到腦的生理功能。飛行員長期在失重情況下,會對其健康和任務(wù)的執(zhí)行產(chǎn)生很大影響。因此,研究失重對腦灌注和代謝的影響非常重要。本文重點研究了人體在模擬輕度失重條件下的腦血流和腦氧代謝率的變化機制。首先,為模擬飛行員輕度失重狀態(tài),本研究采用了-10°頭低位的方式,并采用傾斜前后對比研究輕度失重對腦血流動力學和代謝的影響;其次,為無損檢測腦血流動力學和代謝指標,本研究采用基于動脈自旋標記和T2弛豫自旋標記技術(shù)的磁共振成像技術(shù)的灌注及代謝成像技術(shù),有效和可靠地測量腦血流和腦氧代謝率;再次,通過傾斜前后,腦血流和腦氧代謝的改變,研究了人腦在經(jīng)受失重環(huán)境下的變化機制及其影響;最后,實驗結(jié)果顯示腦血流發(fā)生顯著性改變的腦區(qū)有中央前回、中央后回、頂葉、額葉、楔前葉,扣帶回等腦區(qū),全腦的靜脈血氧飽和度下降,腦氧代謝率升高。這些腦區(qū)如果長時間充血,其功能可能也會受到影響。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),輕度失重可以對飛行員的腦灌注和代謝產(chǎn)生影響。本研究所采用成像技術(shù)為無損的功能磁共振技術(shù),可以為飛行員腦健康評估提供客觀評價指標。
[Abstract]:During normal flight, pilots are often in mild weightlessness. Relative severe weightlessness caused by vertigo and red vision problems, mild weightlessness has been ignored for a long time. When people are in weightlessness, the hydrostatic pressure difference disappears and the blood flow transfers to the head, which can lead to the changes of brain perfusion and metabolism, and then affect the physiological function of the brain. Long-term weightlessness affects pilots' health and mission performance. Therefore, it is important to study the effects of weightlessness on cerebral perfusion and metabolism. This paper focuses on the mechanism of cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen metabolism rate under simulated mild weightlessness. First, in order to simulate the pilot's mild weightlessness, the study adopted the method of -10 擄head-down, and compared the effects of mild weightlessness on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism before and after tilt. In order to detect cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism, perfusion and metabolic imaging based on arterial spin labeling and T2 relaxation spin labeling were used to measure cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen metabolism rate effectively and reliably. Thirdly, through the changes of cerebral blood flow and cerebral oxygen metabolism before and after tilt, we studied the mechanism of brain changes and their effects under weightlessness. Finally, the experimental results showed that there were precentral gyrus in brain regions with significant changes in cerebral blood flow. After central gyrus, parietal lobe, frontal lobe, prewedge lobe, cingulate gyrus, cerebral venous oxygen saturation decreased and cerebral oxygen metabolism rate increased. These areas may also be affected if they are congested for long periods of time. This study found that mild weightlessness may have an effect on brain perfusion and metabolism in pilots. The imaging technique used in this study is a nondestructive functional magnetic resonance (fMRI) technique, which can be used to evaluate the brain health of pilots.
【學位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R852.22

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本文編號：1782760