本文選題：X線測量 + 身高推斷　； 參考：《遼寧醫(yī)學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的 探討拉薩藏族青少年的指骨各參數(shù)隨年齡的變化規(guī)律；拉薩藏族青少年各指骨指節(jié)的相關(guān)性；建立適合藏族青少年的身高回歸方程和性別判別式。 材料 隨機(jī)選擇父母均為藏族的健康拉薩青少年1680人（男840人，女840人）為研究對象，年齡13～19歲。將被測者左手放于片盒上，囑其五指分開，中指中軸與前臂中軸一致，球管焦點(diǎn)對準(zhǔn)手背之間，靶片距90cm,以60kV，100mA和0.15s的固定條件，進(jìn)行常規(guī)后前位拍攝X線片，共拍攝男、女左手X線片1680例。 方法 用Adobe Photoshop軟件對掃描到電腦里的指骨X線片按300%的比例，參照劉豐春等所用方法將X片進(jìn)行測量。測量身高的方法：自頭頂?shù)降孛娲怪本嚯x（用人體測高儀測量）。將所得數(shù)據(jù)用SPSS17.0軟件進(jìn)行分析處理。 結(jié)果 1、隨著年齡的增長，近節(jié)指骨軸長、中節(jié)指骨軸長、末節(jié)指骨的軸長、正中點(diǎn)寬徑值、末節(jié)指骨寬徑值越大。性別間比較，，15歲以下時，各軸長及寬徑值長在性別之間差異不是很顯著，但是15歲以后，基本都是男性高于女性，并且差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。 2、各指骨指節(jié)長、寬與身高均呈中度或高度正相關(guān)，男性和女性的環(huán)指近節(jié)指長與身高的相關(guān)系數(shù)最大，男性0.833，女性0.677；通過因子分析，得出5個主要因子；推出5個主要因子與身高的回歸方程。 3、指骨各指節(jié)的性別判別順序?yàn)椋耗粗附?jié)長中指遠(yuǎn)節(jié)長中指遠(yuǎn)節(jié)寬環(huán)指近節(jié)寬環(huán)指中節(jié)長環(huán)指遠(yuǎn)節(jié)長;指骨與身高的性別判別順序?yàn)椋荷砀咧兄高h(yuǎn)節(jié)長中指遠(yuǎn)節(jié)寬環(huán)指近節(jié)寬環(huán)指中節(jié)長環(huán)指遠(yuǎn)節(jié)長,判別率分別為80.2％、81.5％、86.1％和86.1％，性別判定準(zhǔn)確率高達(dá)80%以上。 結(jié)論 通過對藏族青少年指骨X線參數(shù)的測量，探討各指骨指節(jié)與年齡的關(guān)系，并分析主成分與身高間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系及規(guī)律，得出多元回歸方程，還有各指骨指節(jié)與身高的性別判別分析，得出的逐步判別式，判別率高達(dá)80%以上，對藏族人群推斷身高及性別鑒定提供參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:PurposeThe changes of the phalangeal parameters of Tibetan adolescents in Lhasa with age, the correlation of phalangeal joints of Tibetan adolescents in Lhasa, and the establishment of height regression equation and gender discriminant for Tibetan adolescents were discussed.Material1680 healthy Lhasa adolescents (male 840, female 840) with Tibetan parents were randomly selected as subjects, aged 1319 years.The left hand of the subjects was placed on the film box, and the five fingers were told to separate, the middle axis of the middle finger and the middle axis of the forearm were the same, the ball tube focused on the back of the hand, the distance between the target and the target was 90 cm, and the X ray film was taken at the fixed condition of 60 kV 100 Ma and 0.15 s.1680 cases of female left hand X-ray film.MethodThe X-ray films of the phalanx scanned into the computer were measured by Adobe Photoshop software according to the ratio of 300% and according to the method used by Liu Fengchun et al.Height measurement: vertical distance from the head to the ground (measured with a human altimeter).The data are analyzed and processed by SPSS17.0 software.Result1. With the increase of age, the length of proximal phalanx axis, middle phalangeal bone axis, end phalangeal bone axis length, median point width, and distal phalangeal bone width were increased.When the sex is under 15 years old, the difference of axis length and width length between the sexes is not very significant, but after 15 years old, the male is basically higher than the female, and the difference is statistically significant.(2) the length and width of phalanx of each phalanx were positively correlated with height. The correlation coefficient between proximal finger length of ring finger and height of male and female was the highest, 0.833 for male and 0.677 for female, five main factors were obtained by factor analysis.The regression equation between five main factors and height was deduced.3. The order of sex discrimination of phalanx in phalanx was as follows: length of distal segment of thumb, length of distal segment of middle finger, broad ring of distal segment of middle finger, length of middle segment of broad ring finger of proximal segment;ConclusionBased on the measurement of X-ray parameters of phalanx in Tibetan adolescents, the relationship between phalanx and age was discussed, and the relationship between principal component and height was analyzed, and the multiple regression equation was obtained.The discriminant rate of the stepwise discriminant of phalanx and height of phalanx is over 80%, which provides a reference for the estimation of height and sex of Tibetan people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧醫(yī)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R816.8

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