發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-17 10:30

  本文選題：醫(yī)學(xué)生　切入點(diǎn)：運(yùn)動(dòng)　出處：《安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的描述大學(xué)生參加體力活動(dòng)的現(xiàn)狀，分析與體力活動(dòng)有關(guān)的社會(huì)人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)變量分布特征，探討體力活動(dòng)與大學(xué)生亞健康狀態(tài)的相關(guān)性，為促進(jìn)大學(xué)生身心健康提供循證依據(jù)。 方法采用橫斷面調(diào)查設(shè)計(jì)，2012年5月至7月，以某醫(yī)科大學(xué)大一、大二和大三年級(jí)普通全日制在校學(xué)生為調(diào)查對(duì)象。調(diào)查內(nèi)容主要包括：一般人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)變量，自評(píng)身高和體重，自評(píng)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，體力活動(dòng)情況和《青少年亞健康多維評(píng)定問(wèn)卷》。根據(jù)知情同意自愿參加原則，2469名學(xué)生參加本次調(diào)查，共獲得有效問(wèn)卷2377份，其中男生1142名，女生1235名，平均年齡為（20.27±1.25）歲。采用χ2檢驗(yàn)分析不同人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)特征組間大學(xué)生體力活動(dòng)的分布情況，運(yùn)用非條件logistic回歸模型分析大學(xué)生體力活動(dòng)的影響因素；運(yùn)用非條件多因素logistic回歸模型評(píng)價(jià)體力活動(dòng)與亞健康狀態(tài)的關(guān)聯(lián)強(qiáng)度。 結(jié)果大學(xué)生參加球類、體操型、力量型、走跑型體力活動(dòng)的比例分別為57.5%（1367/2377）、6.1%（144/2377）、21.2%（503/2377）和57.7%（1372/2377）；足量大強(qiáng)度體力活動(dòng)的比例為27.6%（656/2377），參加足量中等強(qiáng)度體力活動(dòng)的比例為12.0%（285/2377），體力活動(dòng)不足的比例為68.5%（1628/2377）；每天至少1小時(shí)體力活動(dòng)≥3dw-1及鞏固或增強(qiáng)肌肉體力活動(dòng)≥2dw-1的比例分別為29.2%（693/2377）和24.4%（580/2377）；低體力活動(dòng)、中等體力活動(dòng)、大體力活動(dòng)和頻繁大體力活動(dòng)的比例分別為51.4%（1222/2377）、8.5%（201/2377）、22.0%（524/2377）和4.7%（111/2377）。體力活動(dòng)與大學(xué)生不同人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)特征、自身變量之間存在一定的關(guān)聯(lián)。男生、大一、≤18歲年齡組的大學(xué)生參加球類體力活動(dòng)的可能性較大；女性、大一和大二的大學(xué)生參加體操類體力活動(dòng)的比例較高；男大學(xué)生參加力量型體力活動(dòng)的比例較高；男生、獨(dú)生子女參加走跑型體力活動(dòng)的比例較高。男生參加足量大強(qiáng)度和中等強(qiáng)度體力活動(dòng)的比例較高，同時(shí)女生體力活動(dòng)缺乏的比例較高。男生參加至少1小時(shí)體力活動(dòng)≥3dw-1及鞏固或增強(qiáng)肌肉體力活動(dòng)≥2dw-1的比例較高。女生沒(méi)有體力活動(dòng)和低體力活動(dòng)水平的比例較高，男生參加中等體力活動(dòng)、大體力活動(dòng)和頻繁大體力活動(dòng)的比例較高。 本研究中，大學(xué)生軀體亞健康、心理亞健康和身心亞健康狀態(tài)的檢出率分別為22.9%（544/2377）、18.6%（443/2377）和18.3%（435/2377）。調(diào)整年級(jí)、家庭居住地、父母親文化程度和家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況等因素后，研究結(jié)果顯示，男生參加不同水平的體力活動(dòng)均可以降低軀體亞健康狀態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（OR=0.46，95%CI：0.29～0.74；OR=0.45，95%CI：0.25～0.84；OR=0.36，95%CI：0.22～0.60；OR=0.49，，95%CI：0.25～0.97）；女生參加低、中等體力活動(dòng)可以降低軀體亞健康狀態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（OR=0.60，95%CI：0.42～0.86；OR=0.51，95%CI：0.28～0.94）。男生參加中等和大體力活動(dòng)可以降低心理亞健康狀態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（OR=0.48，95%CI：0.24～0.95；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.26～0.76）；女生參加低、中等和大體力活動(dòng)均可以降低心理亞健康狀態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（OR=0.63，95%CI：0.43～0.92；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.22～0.88；OR=0.53，95%CI：0.32～0.87）。男生參加低、中等和大體力活動(dòng)均可以降低身心亞健康狀態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（OR=0.52，95%CI：0.31～0.87；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.22～0.88；OR=0.43，95%CI：0.25～0.75）；女生參加低、中等和大體力活動(dòng)均可以降低身心亞健康狀態(tài)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)（OR=0.60，95%CI：0.41～0.88；OR=0.44，95%CI：0.38～0.76；OR=0.46，95%CI：0.28～0.76）。 結(jié)論大學(xué)生的體力活動(dòng)水平普遍較低。參加低、中等和大體力活動(dòng)均可以降低大學(xué)生亞健康狀態(tài)的發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)；而頻繁的大體力活動(dòng)并未起到降低大學(xué)生亞健康狀態(tài)發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的保護(hù)效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:Objective to describe the current situation of physical activity among college students, analyze the distribution characteristics of socio demographic variables related to physical activity, and explore the correlation between physical activity and sub-health status of college students, so as to provide evidence-based evidence for promoting physical and mental health of college students.
Methods a cross-sectional design, from May 2012 to July, a Medical University in a large, second and the third grade ordinary full-time students as the object of investigation. The investigation included general demographic variables, self-reported height and weight, the self rating family economic conditions, physical activity and the < MSQA. According to the principle of informed consent voluntarily participate in the survey to 2469 students, 2377 valid questionnaires were obtained, including 1142 boys and 1235 girls, mean age (20.27 + 1.25) years old. With 2 test statistical analysis of distribution characteristics of different population groups of college students in physical activity, analysis of influence factors non conditional logistic regression model analysis of College students' physical activity; using correlation unconditional multivariate logistic regression model to evaluate the physical activity and sub-health state strength.
The results of college students to participate in sports, gymnastics, strength, walking and running type of physical activity ratio was 57.5% (1367/2377), 6.1% (144/2377), 21.2% (503/2377) and 57.7% (1372/2377); enough high intensity physical activity ratio was 27.6% (656/2377), in sufficient moderate intensity physical activity (the proportion is 12% 285/2377), lack of physical activity ratio was 68.5% (1628/2377); every day at least 1 hours of physical activity than 3dw-1 and strengthen or enhance muscle physical activity than 2dw-1 ratio was 29.2% (693/2377) and 24.4% (580/2377); low physical activity, moderate physical activity, high physical activity and frequent physical activity respectively 51.4% (1222/2377), 8.5% (201/2377), 22% (524/2377) and 4.7% (111/2377). Physical activity and students with different demographic characteristics, there is a certain correlation between the variables. The boys, a less than 18 year old age group of Students to participate in physical activity, the possibility of a larger ball; women, freshman and sophomore students in gymnastics class physical activity, a higher proportion of male college students to participate in; the strength of physical activity in a higher proportion of boys, only child; in the run type of physical activity. A higher proportion of boys in large enough intensity and moderate intensity physical activity ratio at the same time, the lack of physical activity is higher, a higher proportion of girls. Boys for at least 1 hours of physical activity than 3dw-1 and strengthen or enhance muscle physical activity than 2dw-1. A higher proportion of girls without physical activity and low physical activity level of the higher proportion of boys in moderate physical activity, high physical activity and frequent physical activity was higher.
In this study, college students' physical sub-health, health detection and physical and mental sub-health psychological rates were 22.9% (544/2377), 18.6% (443/2377) and 18.3% (435/2377). Adjust the grade, family residence, parental education and family economic status, the results of the study show that boys in different levels of physical activities can reduce the risk of body sub-health state (OR=0.46,95%CI:0.29 ~ 0.74; OR=0.45,95%CI:0.25 ~ 0.84; OR=0.36,95%CI:0.22 ~ 0.60; OR=0.49,95%CI:0.25 ~ 0.97); girls in low, moderate physical activity can reduce the risk of body sub-health state (OR=0.60,95%CI:0.42 ~ 0.86; OR=0.51,95%CI:0.28 ~ 0.94). Boys for the medium and large physical activity can reduce the risk the psychological sub-health state (OR=0.48,95%CI:0.24 ~ 0.95; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.26 ~ 0.76); female students in low, Medium and large physical activity can reduce the risk of mental sub-health status (OR=0.63,95%CI:0.43 ~ 0.92; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.22 ~ 0.88; OR=0.53,95%CI:0.32 ~ 0.87). The boys in the low, medium and high physical activity can reduce the risk of physical and mental sub-health status (OR= 0.52,95%CI:0.31 ~ 0.87; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.22 ~ 0.88; OR=0.43,95%CI:0.25 ~ 0.75); girls in low medium and large, physical activity can reduce the risk of physical and mental sub-health status (OR=0.60,95%CI:0.41 ~ 0.88; OR=0.44,95%CI:0.38 ~ 0.76; OR=0.46,95%CI:0.28 ~ 0.76).
Conclusion physical activity level of college students is generally low. Participation in low, medium and large physical activities can reduce the risk of sub-health among college students. Frequent physical activity does not play a protective role in reducing the risk of sub-health among college students.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R87;R179

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