本文選題：放射組學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：紋理特征　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：放射組學(xué)是指借助現(xiàn)代計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù),從醫(yī)學(xué)圖像中提取圖像數(shù)字特征用于表征描述腫瘤的顯像、解剖結(jié)構(gòu)和腫瘤內(nèi)部代謝情況的一種非侵入式的技術(shù)。放射組學(xué)通過(guò)對(duì)圖像數(shù)字特征的提取計(jì)算,全面的反映腫瘤的表型結(jié)構(gòu)、時(shí)間前后變化等各個(gè)方面的信息。通過(guò)與臨床指標(biāo)的融合分析,找出少量參數(shù)構(gòu)成的模型實(shí)現(xiàn)腫瘤圖像的自動(dòng)化分析。最初,臨床醫(yī)生根據(jù)病人的臨床反應(yīng)表現(xiàn)、腫瘤大小變化或者活檢技術(shù)對(duì)腫瘤進(jìn)行分期或者療效分析。但是這些方式受主觀因素、時(shí)間因素影響較大,誤判率較高。隨著醫(yī)學(xué)影像技術(shù)發(fā)展、數(shù)字化分析方法的應(yīng)用,上述限制因素的影響得到削弱。18F-FDG PET醫(yī)學(xué)影像能夠根據(jù)示蹤劑在不同細(xì)胞中含量的不同反映腫瘤靶區(qū)的生化代謝的差異,量化不同子代腫瘤細(xì)胞之間和不同腫瘤之間周圍微環(huán)境的異質(zhì)性,這種異質(zhì)性隨著患者個(gè)體的不同、器官的不同而各有其不同。腫瘤異質(zhì)性分析不僅能反映腫瘤靶區(qū)的生化代謝情況、輔助精準(zhǔn)放療計(jì)劃的制定,還能夠用于臨床癌癥病人的治療療效、預(yù)后、生存期等情況研究中。本文依據(jù)放射組學(xué)的原理計(jì)算能表征腫瘤形狀特征、異質(zhì)性特征的18F-FDG PET肺部腫瘤圖像統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)參數(shù),通過(guò)對(duì)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)參數(shù)和腫瘤體積、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)吸收值等參數(shù)進(jìn)行數(shù)學(xué)分析研究醫(yī)學(xué)影像紋理特征與腫瘤異質(zhì)性間的關(guān)聯(lián)。本文在研究?jī)?nèi)容上:首先,說(shuō)明了本文的選題背景以及本論文的選題意義,描述了放射組學(xué)的概念、研究?jī)?nèi)容包含的要素及現(xiàn)階段研究情況,然后對(duì)本文的寫(xiě)作構(gòu)思以及結(jié)構(gòu)做了整體說(shuō)明。其次,詳細(xì)介紹了PET/CT圖像的成像原理,兩種不同功能圖像間結(jié)合使用的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。對(duì)18F-FDG示蹤劑在PET圖像顯像中的作用、PET圖像異質(zhì)性參數(shù)簡(jiǎn)要介紹。再次,說(shuō)明了紋理的概念定義并說(shuō)明了紋理分析的分析過(guò)程及紋理分析分為四大類的依據(jù)并介紹了紋理分析在腫瘤學(xué)應(yīng)用。最后,闡述腫瘤異質(zhì)性分析的過(guò)程:圖像的獲取、圖像的處理,分子圖像的放射組學(xué)分析,特征值與臨床參數(shù)的相關(guān)性分析。并對(duì)每一步實(shí)驗(yàn)的實(shí)驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求和思路做了說(shuō)明。對(duì)腫瘤異質(zhì)性分析中的結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析和討論,得到了未發(fā)現(xiàn)的新的潛在的紋理特征值用于腫瘤的異質(zhì)性分析。
[Abstract]:Radiation group refers to the use of modern computer technology, digital image feature extraction from medical images used for imaging the description of characteristics of tumor, anatomical structure and internal metabolism of tumor in a noninvasive technique. Radiation group is extracted based on digital image feature calculation, reflect the tumor phenotype structure, information changes etc. all aspects of the time before and after. Through the fusion and clinical index analysis, find out a few parameters model which realizes the automation of tumor image analysis. First, according to the clinical manifestations of patients with clinicians, changes in tumor size or biopsy of the tumor staging or analysis effect. But these methods are affected by subjective factors, time factors, miscarriage of justice the rate is high. With the development of medical imaging technology, the application of digital analysis method, the influence of limiting factors to weaken.18F-FDG P ET medical image according to the difference of biochemical metabolism in different reflect tumor target tracer content in different cells, heterogeneity between tumor cells and quantify the different progeny between different tumor microenvironment around, this heterogeneity with individual difference, different organs and different heterogeneity of tumor not only. Can reflect the biochemical metabolism of the tumor target, making auxiliary precise radiotherapy, but also can be used to treat cancer patients clinical curative effect, prognosis, survival and other research method. According to the principle of radiation proteomics can characterize tumor shape features, the heterogeneity of 18F-FDG PET lung tumor image statistical parameters, by volume the statistical parameters and tumor, etc. the standard uptake value of the parameters of medical image texture features and correlation between tumor heterogeneity based on the study of mathematical analysis. Content: firstly, this part introduces the background and significance of the topic of this paper, describes the concept of radiation group, the contents of research include the elements and the present research situation, and then the writing conception and structure. Secondly, introduces the imaging principle of PET/CT image, two different the function of the image using a combination of advantages. The role of 18F-FDG PET imaging in the tracer in the image, PET image heterogeneity parameters are briefly introduced. Thirdly, explains the definition of texture and illustrates the physical analysis process and texture analysis is divided into four categories based on texture analysis and introduced finally applied in oncology. This process, analysis of tumor heterogeneity: image acquisition, image processing, image analysis of the molecular radiation group, correlation analysis and clinical parameters characteristics. And each step of experiment The standard requirements and ideas were explained. The results of tumor heterogeneity analysis were analyzed and discussed, and new potential texture feature values were not found, which were used for tumor heterogeneity analysis.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R817;TP391.41

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