發(fā)布時間：2018-01-03 01:21

  本文關鍵詞：軍民融合疾控應急體系建設發(fā)展研究　出處：《第四軍醫(yī)大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 應急管理 衛(wèi)生應急 疾病預防與控制 軍民融合

【摘要】：國內(nèi)外突發(fā)事件應急救援實踐證明,軍地疾控應急力量采取統(tǒng)一指揮、軍地協(xié)調(diào)、步調(diào)聯(lián)動、信息共享等聯(lián)防聯(lián)控措施,最大限度發(fā)揮軍地合力,是成功實現(xiàn)“大災之后無大疫”的關鍵。為充分發(fā)揮和利用軍隊與地方的資源優(yōu)勢,推動軍地疾控應急力量的同步協(xié)調(diào)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展,提高國家疾控應急整體能力和水平,本研究擬在總結得出軍隊和地方疾控應急體系建設現(xiàn)狀和軍民融合疾控應急體系建設存在的問題,最終提出推動軍民融合疾控應急體系建設發(fā)展策略,啟示我國應推動軍民融合疾控應急建設。為實現(xiàn)這一目標,采取文獻研究、專家咨詢、案例研究、對比研究、邏輯歸納等方法,開展軍民融合基本理論研究、軍民融合國外模式比較研究、軍民聯(lián)合救援實踐案例研究、軍民融合現(xiàn)狀與問題研究、軍民融合建設策略研究。研究表明:(1)疾控應急工作的突然性、風險性、組織協(xié)調(diào)復雜、后勤保障難、處置效果社會影響大等特點,要求推動軍民融合疾控應急體系建設。軍民融合疾控應急體系建設具備提高組織指揮效率、資源利用效率、后勤保障能力、專業(yè)救援能力等優(yōu)勢。(2)“統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、統(tǒng)一管理、常態(tài)運轉、權威高效、法律保障、聯(lián)儲共濟”是美國、俄羅斯、日本等應急體系發(fā)展建設的趨勢。(3)汶川抗震救災中軍地密切協(xié)同,軍隊力量發(fā)揮了不可或缺的作用,但在軍地協(xié)調(diào)、組織指揮、力量協(xié)同、后勤保障、信息共享等方面也存在一定問題。(4)軍地疾控應急體系建設存在諸多問題。首先,管理體系沒有常態(tài)運轉,權威性不高,針對疾控體系建設,缺乏長效性全局性統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃建設和使用;其次,力量體系建設存在救援人員心理適應性有待提高、體能素質(zhì)有待加強、專業(yè)技能不平衡、裝備列裝與維護更新不到位、軍地人員相互交流了解缺乏、軍地防疫隊伍融合建設不夠緊密等問題;其三,在法規(guī)建設方面,法律法規(guī)原則性太強、法律體系不夠完整、法律體系同步更新不足;其四,在預案建設方面,存在缺乏針對性、有機銜接不夠、操作性不強、修訂不及時、平時應用不足等問題;其五,在信息融合方面,存在思想觀念落后、政策配套不全、技術標準缺位等問題。其六,在聯(lián)合訓練方面,存在缺乏頂層設計籌劃、缺乏場地、經(jīng)費、標準等訓練保障、參訓機構與人員積極性不高等問題;最后,在物資儲備方面,存在藥材聯(lián)合儲備標準體系有待建立、物資儲備資金沒有專項保障、物資儲備應急調(diào)用效率不高等問題。借鑒國外做法,針對國內(nèi)現(xiàn)實問題,研究提出軍民融合疾控應急體系建設發(fā)展策略:(1)軍民融合疾控應急管理體系整體化建設;(2)軍民融合疾控應急力量體系模塊化建設(3)軍民融合疾控應急法規(guī)體系層次化建設;(4)軍民融合疾控應急預案體系操作化建設;(5)軍民融合疾控應急信息體系共享化建設;(6)軍民融合疾控應急訓練體系聯(lián)合化建設;(7)軍民融合疾控應急儲備體系共濟化建設。
[Abstract]:The domestic and foreign emergency rescue practice, take the unified command, the military power of emergency disease control military coordination, pace linkage, information sharing, joint prevention and control measures, to maximize the military force, is the successful implementation of a "no big epidemic after the disaster". The key to make full use of the army and local resources, synchronization to promote the coordinated development of military emergency disease control force, improve the overall national emergency disease control ability and level, this study intends to conclude that the army and local emergency disease control system construction situation and the integration of military and civilian disease control problems existing in the construction of emergency system, finally proposed to promote civil military integration emergency disease control system construction development strategy, enlightenment we should promote the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control construction. To achieve this goal, adopt literature research, expert consultation, case study, comparative study and logical induction method, carry out the military The integration of the basic theoretical research, comparative research and case study on the foreign model integration, joint military civilian rescue practice, research status and problems of civil military integration, strategy on the construction of civil military integration. The research showed that: (1) sudden emergency disease control work risk, organization and coordination of logistics complex, difficult, characteristics of the disposition effect social influence other requirements, to promote civil military integration of disease control and emergency response system. To improve the efficiency of the organization and command of military and civilian integration with the construction of emergency system of disease control, resource utilization efficiency, logistics ability, professional rescue ability. (2) the "overall planning, unified management, normal operation, high authority, legal protection, federal aid" is the United States. Russia, Japan and other emergency system development trend. (3) the Wenchuan earthquake relief army forces in close collaboration, plays an indispensable role, but in military coordination, organization and command, force The amount of collaborative logistics, there exists some problems on information sharing. (4) local disease control there are many problems in the construction of emergency system. First, management system is not normal operation, the authority is not high, for the construction of disease control system, the lack of long-term overall planning and construction; secondly, the existence of psychological adaptability of rescue people need to improve power system construction, physical quality needs to be strengthened, the professional skill is not balanced, outfit and maintenance is not in place, lack of understanding of military personnel exchanges, military epidemic prevention team construction is not tightly fusion problems; thirdly, in the construction of laws and regulations, laws and regulations of the principle is too strong, incomplete legal system, legal synchronization system is insufficient; fourthly, the plan of construction, there is a lack of specific organic convergence is not enough, operability is not strong, even when the amendment is not timely, problem of insufficient application; fifth, in the letter Information fusion, existence of backward ideology, policy supporting incomplete problems. The lack of technical standards in six, joint training, the lack of top-level design planning, lack of venue, funding, training security standards, training institutions and personnel enthusiasm is not high; finally, in reserve, there needs to be established Chinese joint reserve standard system, reserve funds without special protection, reserve emergency call efficiency is not high. The foreign practices, aiming at the practical problems, proposed the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control system construction development strategy: (1) the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control management system overall construction; (2) the integration of military and civilian. Emergency power control system of modular construction (3) the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control laws and regulations system of hierarchical construction; (4) the integration of military and civilian disease control operation of the emergency system construction; (5) the integration of military and civilian emergency disease control The construction of information system sharing; (6) joint construction of the military and civilian integration of disease control emergency training system; (7) the construction of the integration of the military and civilian integration of the disease control emergency reserve system.

【學位授予單位】：第四軍醫(yī)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R82

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