【摘要】：鱈魚皮是鱈魚肉制品加工的主要副產(chǎn)物,資源豐富,產(chǎn)地又相對集中,對其進(jìn)行綜合開發(fā)利用具有環(huán)境、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會多重效益。膠原是鱈魚皮中的主要成分,占總蛋白含量的57.54%。具有獨特的結(jié)構(gòu)組成及生物功能,在化工、生物醫(yī)學(xué)材料及食品等行業(yè)應(yīng)用廣泛。而具有高吸收性、多重生理活性功能的膠原小分子肽物質(zhì),更是受到醫(yī)藥保健、美容化妝品領(lǐng)域的熱點關(guān)注。 本文以水產(chǎn)加工下腳料-鱈魚皮為原料,研究膠原及膠原低聚肽的制備工藝,并對膠原的結(jié)構(gòu)、性質(zhì)及膠原低聚肽的生物活性進(jìn)行了測定分析。主要研究內(nèi)容如下:研究了鱈魚皮原料的預(yù)處理工藝,采用有機(jī)試劑靜態(tài)浸泡法對原料進(jìn)行脫脂處理,確定了脫脂工藝為:正己烷4℃靜態(tài)浸泡8 h脫脂,脫脂率達(dá)到91.18%;采用氯化鈉鹽溶液方法對鱈魚皮原料進(jìn)行除雜處理,確定了除雜工藝為:7.5%的NaCl溶液4℃浸泡12 h除雜,雜蛋白脫除率為46.09%,膠原損失較少。 確定了膠原的提取工藝路線,采用低溫酸酶結(jié)合法,最佳提取工藝為:4℃條件下,胃蛋白酶濃度為1.0%,料液比為1:40,處理時間為24 h,酸介質(zhì)為檸檬酸,酸介質(zhì)濃度為0.20 mol/L,鱈魚皮膠原提取率為48.67%。對膠原酶解液進(jìn)行鹽析純化,膠原沉淀復(fù)溶后用超濾方法進(jìn)行膠原的脫鹽純化,確定操作工藝條件為:壓力1.0 MPa,間歇加水操作3次,料液脫鹽率達(dá)到89.98%,膠原損失僅為8.75%。對胃蛋白酶酶促水解鱈魚皮制備膠原的酶解反應(yīng)特性進(jìn)行了初步探討,得到酶反應(yīng)動力學(xué)方程為:-rs=(2.9004E-3×[S])/([S]+0.2156)。 對制備的鱈魚皮膠原進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)及性質(zhì)測定分析,通過紅外光譜、圓二色譜檢測,顯示膠原的三股螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)保持良好;紫外光譜掃描結(jié)果符合膠原的吸收特征;SDS-PAGE電泳確定為I型膠原;氨基酸分析結(jié)果符合典型的膠原氨基酸構(gòu)成;DSC測定顯示其熱穩(wěn)定性不如陸生動物。 研究鱈魚皮活性膠原低聚肽的酶解工藝條件。以鱈魚皮明膠為原料,優(yōu)選出兩種最適酶種:堿性蛋白酶和胰蛋白酶。分別采用單酶、雙酶復(fù)合水解制備膠原低聚肽,確定的最優(yōu)方案為:兩酶混合水解,pH 8.5,溫度50℃,水解時間6 h,加酶量均為2500 U/g,水解度達(dá)到29.71%。實驗制備的鱈魚皮膠原低聚肽相對分子量分布集中在1000 Da以內(nèi)。體外抗氧化活性分析表明膠原低聚肽具有一定的抗氧化活性。
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圖片說明：鱈魚Fig.1-1Cod
[Abstract]:Cod skin is the main by-product of cod meat processing, which is rich in resources and relatively concentrated in producing areas. the comprehensive development and utilization of cod skin has multiple environmental, economic and social benefits. Collagen is the main component of cod skin, accounting for 57.54% of the total protein content. It has unique structure and biological function, and is widely used in chemical industry, biomedical material and food industry. Collagen small molecular peptides with high absorption and multiple physiological activities have been paid more and more attention in the field of medicine and health care and beauty cosmetics. In this paper, the preparation technology of collagen and collagen oligopeptide was studied by using cod skin as raw material, and the structure and properties of collagen and the biological activity of collagen oligopeptide were determined and analyzed. The main research contents are as follows: the pretreatment process of cod skin raw material was studied, and the skim treatment of cod skin raw material was carried out by static immersion with organic reagent. The defatting process was determined as follows: n-hexane was steeped at 4 鈩，

本文編號：2510183