【摘要】：目的：了解南北疆維吾爾族、哈薩克族初中學(xué)生的膳食營養(yǎng)和身體素質(zhì)狀況，探討其體質(zhì)與營養(yǎng)之間的關(guān)系。方法：1.學(xué)生的膳食營養(yǎng)狀況采用24小時膳食回顧法進行調(diào)查。2.在第一次膳食調(diào)查后對學(xué)生進行最基礎(chǔ)的營養(yǎng)健康知識宣教，宣教以講座的形式進行，共宣教兩次，間隔8周。再采用24小時膳食回顧法調(diào)查學(xué)生宣教后的膳食營養(yǎng)狀況，并與我國每日膳食營養(yǎng)素參考攝入量（DRIs）進行比較分析。3.根據(jù)教育部、國家體育總局印發(fā)的《學(xué)生體質(zhì)健康標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》(試驗方案)的測試要求，對所選取的研究對象進行體質(zhì)健康測試，，用均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差（x±s）描述研究對象的各體質(zhì)指標(biāo)水平。4.用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計，并做營養(yǎng)素與體質(zhì)指標(biāo)的相關(guān)分析。結(jié)果：1.宣教前后兩民族男女學(xué)生各營養(yǎng)素攝入情況與DRIs相比差距較大，鈣、鐵、鋅、硒普遍缺乏，相對于哈族學(xué)生來說維族學(xué)生存在更嚴(yán)重的營養(yǎng)素缺乏狀況。2.宣教前后兩民族學(xué)生體質(zhì)狀況大部分都有所提高（P0.05），且哈族男女學(xué)生宣教前后體質(zhì)狀況都好于維族男女學(xué)生（P0.05）。3.哈族男女學(xué)生宣教前后肺活量水平高于國家平均水平，且顯著的高于維族學(xué)生（P0.01）。4.兩民族男女學(xué)生營養(yǎng)素攝入情況與體質(zhì)指標(biāo)的相關(guān)性彼此差異很大。結(jié)論：1.兩民族學(xué)生營養(yǎng)狀況不理想，膳食營養(yǎng)素攝入不合理。2.兩民族學(xué)生體質(zhì)狀況大部分均低于國家平均水平。3.學(xué)生營養(yǎng)宣教前后膳食營養(yǎng)攝入不合理但體質(zhì)狀況卻有好轉(zhuǎn)。4.膳食營養(yǎng)和體質(zhì)狀況方面哈族學(xué)生好于維族學(xué)生。5.建議平衡學(xué)生膳食結(jié)構(gòu)，增強營養(yǎng)的攝入，并加強體育鍛煉和身體素質(zhì)的強化。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the dietary nutrition and physical fitness of Uygur and Kazak junior middle school students in Northern and Southern Xinjiang, and to study the relationship between the constitution and nutrition. Method:1. The dietary nutritional status of the students was investigated by a 24-hour diet review. After the first meal survey, the students are given the most basic knowledge of the nutrition and health, and the education and education are carried out in the form of a lecture, and they are taught twice, and the interval is 8 weeks. A 24-hour dietary review was used to investigate the dietary nutritional status of the students and to compare with the daily dietary nutrient reference intake (DRIs) in China. According to the test requirements of the Ministry of Education and the State Administration of Physical Education issued by the State Administration of Physical Education, the physical fitness test of the selected study object and the standard deviation (x's) of the mean number are used to describe the level of each physical index of the study object. The statistics of the data were carried out using the SPSS17.0 statistical software, and the correlation analysis of the nutrient and the body constitution index was made. Results:1. Compared with the DRIs, there is a large difference in the intake of the nutrients of the two ethnic and female students before and after the education, and the lack of calcium, iron, zinc and selenium is more serious than that of the students in the Han nationality. Before and after the education, the physical condition of the students in the two nationalities was improved (P0.05), and the physical condition of the students of both sexes before and after the education was better than that of the students of the group (P0.05). The level of vital capacity before and after the education of the Han nationality students was higher than that of the national average, and the level of vital capacity was higher than that of the Uighur students (P0.01). The correlation of the nutrient intake of the two ethnic groups and the physical index is very different from each other. Conclusion:1. The nutritional status of the two ethnic students is not ideal, and the intake of dietary nutrients is not reasonable. The physical condition of the two ethnic students is much lower than that of the national average. The dietary nutrition intake was not reasonable before and after the nutrition and education of the students, but the physical condition of the students improved. In terms of dietary nutrition and physical condition, the Han students are better than those of the Uighur students. It is suggested to balance the dietary structure of students, enhance the intake of nutrition, and strengthen the strengthening of physical training and physical fitness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：新疆醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G637.8;R151

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