【摘要】：[目的]了解硬質(zhì)合金生產(chǎn)行業(yè)硬質(zhì)合金粉塵危害現(xiàn)狀,為預(yù)防控制該行業(yè)職業(yè)病危害提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。[方法]選取株洲市5家硬質(zhì)合金生產(chǎn)企業(yè)開(kāi)展職業(yè)衛(wèi)生學(xué)調(diào)查及危害因素檢測(cè),分析職業(yè)接觸硬質(zhì)合金粉塵在不同工藝流程及不同規(guī)模企業(yè)間的分布特征并進(jìn)行職業(yè)危害風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。[結(jié)果]工人工作場(chǎng)所鎢及其化合物職業(yè)接觸水平為0.015~6.46 mg/m(3中位數(shù)0.09 mg/m~3)。鈷及其化合物職業(yè)接觸水平為0.007~0.677 mg/m~3(中位數(shù)0.017 mg/m~3),其中配料及濕磨操作崗、噴霧干燥、燒結(jié)、機(jī)加、成品機(jī)加及成品包裝崗鈷及其化合物職業(yè)接觸水平超標(biāo)。不同工藝流程間作業(yè)人員職業(yè)接觸血鎢及其化合物及鈷及其化合物水平差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。根據(jù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估結(jié)果,配料及濕磨操作崗、噴霧干燥屬于高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)作業(yè)。[結(jié)論]工人作業(yè)場(chǎng)所鎢及其化合物及鈷及其化合物存在一定程度超標(biāo)。配料及濕磨操作崗、噴霧干燥、燒結(jié),成品機(jī)加及成品包裝崗為該行業(yè)職業(yè)病危害的關(guān)鍵控制崗位。
[Abstract]:Objective: to understand the present situation of cemented carbide dust hazard in cemented carbide production industry and provide scientific basis for prevention and control of occupational disease hazard. [methods] five enterprises of cemented carbide production in Zhuzhou City were selected to carry out occupational hygiene investigation and hazard factor detection. The distribution characteristics of cemented carbide dust in different process flow and different scale enterprises were analyzed and the occupational hazard risk was evaluated. [results] the occupational exposure level of tungsten and its compounds in workers' workplaces was 0.015 ~ 6.46 mg/m (3 median 0.09 mg/m~3). The occupational exposure level of cobalt and its compounds was 0.0070.677 mg/m~3 (median 0.017 mg/m~3). The occupational exposure level of cobalt and its compounds exceeded the standard. There were significant differences in blood tungsten and its compounds and cobalt and its compounds between workers of different technological processes (P0.05). According to the results of risk assessment, ingredients and wet grinding operations, spray drying is a high-risk operation. [conclusion] Tungsten and its compounds and cobalt compounds in workers' workplaces exceed the standard to a certain extent. Ingredients and wet grinding operation post, spray drying, sintering, finished product machine and finished product packaging post as the key control position of occupational hazards in the industry.
【作者單位】： 湖南省職業(yè)病防治院職業(yè)衛(wèi)生科;株洲市勞動(dòng)衛(wèi)生職業(yè)病防治中心職業(yè)衛(wèi)生綜合科;中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心職業(yè)衛(wèi)生與中毒控制所;
【基金】：新增法定職業(yè)病防治關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究項(xiàng)目(編號(hào):20140021)
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R134.4
，

本文編號(hào)：2253256