【摘要】：目的調(diào)查農(nóng)村社區(qū)老年男性吸煙人群的尼古丁依賴程度,分析不同依賴程度對(duì)其吸煙、戒煙行為以及吸煙危害認(rèn)知等方面的影響。方法采取多階段抽樣方法,對(duì)上海市嘉定區(qū)769名免費(fèi)體檢的老人進(jìn)行一對(duì)一詢問方式的問卷調(diào)查。描述性分析老年男性吸煙者的尼古丁依賴程度現(xiàn)狀;根據(jù)尼古丁依賴檢測(cè)量表(FIND)評(píng)分進(jìn)行分組,并對(duì)尼古丁依賴程度與認(rèn)知行為進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析,對(duì)尼古丁依賴程度的人口學(xué)影響因素進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果根據(jù)769名老年男性吸煙者的尼古丁依賴程度,分為低依賴組519例(67.5%),高依賴組250例(32.5%)。家庭人均月收入低于中位數(shù)是尼古丁高依賴的危險(xiǎn)因素(OR=1.984,P0.001);其他社會(huì)人口學(xué)因素對(duì)尼古丁依賴程度均無影響。尼古丁高依賴組與低依賴組比較,認(rèn)為吸煙有益/無所謂者較多(r=-0.173),開始吸煙年齡較早(r=0.086),平均每月吸煙花費(fèi)較多(r=-0.295),吸煙持續(xù)年限較長(zhǎng)(r=-0.088),未嘗試過戒煙的比例較高(r=0.076),最近一次戒煙持續(xù)時(shí)間較短(r=0.140),社交最頻繁的5人中吸煙者人數(shù)較多(r=-0.151),休閑娛樂方式為打麻將或打牌者較多(r=0.095),飲酒過量者較多(r=-0.171),差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論社會(huì)人口學(xué)因素對(duì)尼古丁依賴程度的影響甚微;尼古丁依賴程度對(duì)認(rèn)知具有一定影響,對(duì)吸煙、戒煙行為及生活方式具有重要影響。要改變農(nóng)村老年男性吸煙人群的吸煙行為,促成戒煙,除提供健康教育及社會(huì)支持外,有必要進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)呐R床尼古丁戒斷治療。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the nicotine dependence of elderly male smokers in rural communities and to analyze the effects of different degree of dependence on smoking, smoking cessation behavior and smoking hazard cognition. Methods A one-to-one questionnaire survey was conducted on 769 old people with free physical examination in Jiading District of Shanghai. Descriptive analysis of the current status of nicotine dependence in elderly male smokers, according to the nicotine dependence test scale (FIND) score, and the relationship between nicotine dependence and cognitive behavior. The demographic factors of nicotine dependence were analyzed. Results according to the nicotine dependence degree of 769 old male smokers, 519 cases (67.5%) were divided into low dependence group (67.5%) and high dependence group 250 cases (32.5%). The risk factors of high nicotine dependence were found to be below the median per capita monthly income (OR 1.984, P 0.001), while other social demographic factors had no effect on nicotine dependence. The nicotine high dependence group was compared with the low dependent group. More people thought that smoking was beneficial / indifferent (r = 0.173), the age of smoking was earlier (r = 0.086), the average monthly smoking cost was higher (r = 0.295), the duration of smoking was longer (r = 0.088), the proportion of people who had not tried to quit smoking was higher (r = 0.076), the last time to quit smoking was shorter (r = 0.140). Among the five most frequent smokers, the number of smokers was more (r-0.151), the way of leisure and entertainment was playing mahjong or card playing more (r-0.095), the number of excessive drinkers was more (r-0.171), the difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Conclusion Socio-demographic factors have little effect on nicotine dependence, and nicotine dependence has some influence on cognition, smoking, smoking cessation behavior and lifestyle. In order to change the smoking behavior of the aged male smokers in rural areas and promote smoking cessation, it is necessary to provide health education and social support, as well as appropriate clinical nicotine abstinence treatment.
【作者單位】： 上海交通大學(xué)公共衛(wèi)生學(xué)院;
【基金】：國家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目(14CGL077) 上海交通大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院研究基金項(xiàng)目(13XJ10043)~~
【分類號(hào)】：R163

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