【摘要】：Pu在人體肺部中的沉積常采用241Am進行替代測量，測量時胸壁厚度及成分對計算結(jié)果影響很大，這種影響用肌肉等效胸壁厚度（MEQ-CWT）進行統(tǒng)一標定。為測定這一物理量通常會引入醫(yī)學成像設(shè)備，對人體胸部進行掃描得到幾何胸壁厚度后，再結(jié)合肌肉和脂肪相關(guān)參數(shù)算出MEQ-CWT，這種方法程序復雜、增加額外成本且不能直接給出MEQ-CWT的結(jié)果。針對這一問題，本文采取峰谷比法，，研究利用肺部計數(shù)器測量放射性的同時對肌肉等效胸壁厚度進行直接測量。 本論文主要研究的內(nèi)容包括： 1、對峰谷比法測量肌肉等效胸壁厚度的問題進行了適當?shù)暮喕⒘撕喕Ｐ秃忘c源模型，并分別推導了兩種模型下利用峰谷比計算MEQ-CWT的理論公式，利用MCNP程序模擬了簡化模型下峰谷比與肌肉等效胸壁厚度間的函數(shù)關(guān)系，證明了峰谷比法測量MEQ-CWT的理論可行性； 2、對峰谷比法中的重要參量k因子進行了計算公式推導與蒙卡模擬驗證，得到了k因子的計算方法。 3、利用點源模型進行了峰谷比法測量介質(zhì)厚度的實驗研究，設(shè)計了實驗測量方案，進行了峰谷比法測量譜的解譜技術(shù)研究，獲得了谷峰比測量鋁片厚度的值，驗證了方法的實踐可行性。 4、應用肺部計數(shù)系統(tǒng)和仿真人體軀干模型，測量研究了人體肌肉等效胸壁厚度MEQ-CWT同谷峰比Q的關(guān)系，由點源模型理論公式計算了MEQ-CWT，并進行了誤差分析，分析了峰谷比法理論公式在肺部Am存量估算中存在的不足，指出了利用峰谷比法測量等效胸壁厚度的可行方法。
[Abstract]:The deposition of Pu in human lung is usually measured by 241Am. The thickness and composition of chest wall have great influence on the calculation results. This effect is calibrated by muscle equivalent chest wall thickness (MEQ-CWT). In order to measure this physical quantity, the medical imaging equipment is usually introduced, the thickness of the geometric chest wall is obtained by scanning the chest of the human body, and then the MEQ-CWTs are calculated by combining the parameters of muscle and fat. The procedure of this method is complicated. Additional costs are added and the results of MEQ-CWT cannot be directly given. In order to solve this problem, the peak to valley ratio method is adopted to measure radioactivity in lung counter and to measure the thickness of muscle equivalent chest wall directly. The main contents of this thesis are as follows: 1. The problem of measuring the equivalent chest wall thickness of muscle by peak-valley ratio method is simplified, and a simplified model and a point source model are established. The theoretical formulas of calculating MEQ-CWT by peak-to-valley ratio under two kinds of models are derived, and the functional relationship between the ratio of peak to valley and the thickness of muscle equivalent chest wall under the simplified model is simulated by using MCNP program. The theoretical feasibility of MEQ-CWT measurement by peak-to-valley ratio method is proved. 2. The important parameter k factor in the peak-valley ratio method is deduced and verified by Monka simulation. The calculation method of k factor is obtained. 3. The experimental research on measuring the thickness of medium by peak-valley ratio method is carried out by using point source model, and the experimental measurement scheme is designed, and the despectral technique of peak-valley ratio method is studied. The practical feasibility of the method is verified. 4. Using the lung counting system and the simulated human torso model, the relationship between MEQ-CWT and the ratio Q of human muscle equivalent chest wall is measured and studied. Based on the theoretical formula of point source model, the MEQ-CWTs are calculated, and the error analysis is carried out. The shortcomings of the theoretical formula of peak-valley ratio method in estimating the lung am stock are analyzed, and the feasible method for measuring the equivalent chest wall thickness by using the peak-to-valley ratio method is pointed out.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R144

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