本文選題：兒童 + 家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:嬰幼兒期是兒童早期發(fā)育、情緒社會性發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵時期。作為這一時期兒童的主要生活環(huán)境,家庭環(huán)境在兒童早期神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育和情緒社會性發(fā)展中起著至關(guān)重要的作用。作為家庭環(huán)境的重要的非物質(zhì)組成部分,家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境在其中所起到的作用越來越引起人們的重視。因此,本文的目的是探討早期家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境對兒童早期發(fā)育商(Developmental Quotients DQ)和情緒社會性發(fā)展的影響,為兒童早期發(fā)展提升提供更多可靠的依據(jù)。方法:采用隨機(jī)原則,抽取2013年-2015年期間在山東省婦幼保健院接受健康管理的健康嬰兒,共188名,所有兒童均為足月分娩。依據(jù)知情同意原則詳細(xì)告知兒童家長研究情況,由課題協(xié)作組人員向父母介紹研究目的、問卷填寫要求和需要注意的其他事項。首先,受試兒童的父母應(yīng)熟悉兒童情況,在兒童3月齡時填寫自擬的《家庭基本情況調(diào)查表》和《0-1歲兒童家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境量表》;他們在兒童12月齡時完成《1-3歲兒童家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境量表》測評;在兒童24月齡時完成《12-36月齡兒童情緒社會性評估量表》的填寫,同時由經(jīng)過相關(guān)專業(yè)培訓(xùn)的工作人員使用《0-6歲小兒神經(jīng)心理發(fā)育診斷量表》對兒童進(jìn)行發(fā)育測試,現(xiàn)場核查并收回問卷。早期家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境與兒童早期發(fā)育、情緒社會性發(fā)展之間關(guān)系的分析使用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件完成。結(jié)果:3月齡時家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境量表中的感知/認(rèn)知因素、人際互動/喂養(yǎng)因素、環(huán)境總分和12月齡時其中的語言/認(rèn)知因素與兒童2歲時發(fā)育商即DQ和大部分功能區(qū)的得分之間存在顯著的呈正相關(guān);12月齡中的社會適應(yīng)/自理因素與2歲兒童的語言得分有著顯著正相關(guān)。3月齡時的環(huán)境總分與兒童2歲時情緒量表中的外顯行為域、失調(diào)域的得分存在明顯負(fù)相關(guān);3月齡情感溫暖與2歲時內(nèi)隱行為域、失調(diào)域分值呈負(fù)相關(guān);3月齡感知/認(rèn)知與2歲時社會能力域分值呈正相關(guān);3月齡人際互動/喂養(yǎng)與2歲時外顯行為域分值呈負(fù)相關(guān);3月齡忽視/限制與2歲時外顯行為域、內(nèi)隱行為域、失調(diào)域分值均呈正相關(guān)。12月齡時社會適應(yīng)/自理、環(huán)境總分與兒童2歲時情緒量表中的外顯行為域、失調(diào)域呈負(fù)相關(guān);12月齡忽視/懲罰與2歲時外顯行為域、失調(diào)域分值呈正相關(guān),與社會能力域呈負(fù)相關(guān);12月齡情感溫暖/環(huán)境氣氛與2歲時失調(diào)域分值呈負(fù)相關(guān),與社會能力域呈正相關(guān);12月齡語言/認(rèn)知與2歲時社會能力域分值呈正相關(guān)。3月齡時人際互動/喂養(yǎng)因素、環(huán)境總分和12月齡時除忽視/懲罰外的所有環(huán)境因素均與兒童2歲時情緒量表中的外顯行為域的攻擊性/反抗性維度有著負(fù)相關(guān);3月齡忽視/限制因素和12月齡忽視/懲罰因素與攻擊性/反抗性維度呈正相關(guān)。12月齡時忽視/懲罰因素與活動度/沖動性維度呈正相關(guān)。3月齡時養(yǎng)育環(huán)境中的情感溫暖因素與兒童2歲時分離焦慮維度、新事物退縮維度存在顯著負(fù)相關(guān);3月齡忽視/限制因素和12月齡家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境中忽視/懲罰因素均與2歲時內(nèi)隱行為域的焦慮、新事物退縮維度為正相關(guān)。3月齡養(yǎng)育環(huán)境各因素與兒童2歲時失調(diào)域各維度呈分散的個別相關(guān)。12月齡家養(yǎng)育環(huán)境中除忽視/懲罰因素外的所有因素都與兒童2歲時的負(fù)性情緒、飲食維度呈負(fù)相關(guān),忽視/懲罰因素與負(fù)性情緒維度存在顯著正相關(guān)。12月齡家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境總分、情感溫暖/環(huán)境氣氛因素與睡眠維度為負(fù)相關(guān),12月齡忽視/懲罰因素與睡眠維度呈正相關(guān)。3月齡時的環(huán)境總分與兒童2歲時的注意力、依從性、移情、模仿/游戲、掌握動機(jī)維度存在正相關(guān)關(guān)系;此外,3月齡時的感知/認(rèn)知因素與兒童2歲時的依從性、模仿/游戲、注意力、移情、掌握動機(jī)維度為正相關(guān)。12月齡家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境除忽視/懲罰外各因素與兒童2歲時社會能力域的幾乎所有維度均為正相關(guān),忽視/懲罰因素與社會能力域的大多數(shù)維度呈負(fù)相關(guān)。DQ及大部分發(fā)育能區(qū)在兒童2歲時與其社會能力域存在正相關(guān)。發(fā)育因素中的語言與外顯行為域的攻擊性/反抗性維度呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;發(fā)育因素中的大運(yùn)動與內(nèi)隱行為域的憂郁/退縮維度呈負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系;適應(yīng)能力、語言、社交行為、DQ因素與社會能力域中的模仿/游戲、依從性、移情維度呈正相關(guān);適應(yīng)能力、語言、發(fā)育商因素和社會能力域中的親社會同伴關(guān)系維度呈正相關(guān)。結(jié)論:早期家庭養(yǎng)育對兒童發(fā)育水平和情緒社會性發(fā)展有顯著影響作用。為促進(jìn)兒童早期發(fā)育和情緒社會性的早期發(fā)展,改善家庭養(yǎng)育環(huán)境做得越早越好。
[Abstract]:Objective: infantile period is the key period of early childhood development and emotional social development. As the main living environment of children in this period, the family environment plays a vital role in the early childhood neuropsychological development and emotional sociality development. As the important and non material component of the family environment, the family parenting environment is in the early stage. The purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of early family parenting environment on early childhood development quotient (Developmental Quotients DQ) and emotional social development, and to provide more reliable evidence for the promotion of early childhood development. Method: using random principles to extract the year of 2013 -2015 During the period, 188 healthy infants received health management in the maternal and child health care hospital of Shandong province. All children were born in full term. According to the principle of informed consent, the children's parents were informed in detail. The research purpose was introduced to the parents by the cooperation group. The questionnaire filled out the requirements and other matters to be paid attention to. First, the parents of the children. We should be familiar with the situation of children and fill in the self-designed family basic situation questionnaire and the family parenting environment scale for children aged <0-1 in 3 month old hours. They completed the scale of family parenting environment for children <1-3 years old and completed the questionnaire for the emotional sociality assessment scale for children of <12-36 months of age at the time of 12 month old. The staff trained by the relevant professional training used the <0-6 years old children's neuropsychological development diagnosis scale, the development test of children, the field verification and the recovery of the questionnaire. The analysis of the relationship between the early family nurturing environment and the early development of children, the relationship between the emotional and social development was completed by the SPSS17.0 statistical software. Results: the family rearing ring was 3 month old. The perception / cognitive factors, interpersonal interaction / feeding factors, environmental total score, and 12 month old of the language / cognitive factors were positively correlated with the score of DQ and most functional areas at the age of 2, and the social adaptation / self-care factors in 12 month old had a significant positive correlation with the language scores of 2 year old children. The total score of the environment at the age of 2 was negatively correlated with the score of the explicit behavior domain and the imbalance domain in the emotional scale of children at the age of 2. 3 month old the emotional warmth was negatively correlated with the implicit behavior domain at 2, and 3 month old perception / cognition and the social ability domain at the age of 2; 3 month old interpersonal interaction / feeding and explicit behavior at the age of 2. There was a negative correlation between domain score and 3 month old neglect / restriction and explicit behavioral domain at the age of 2, the implicit behavior domain and misadjusted domain score were positively correlated with social adaptation / self-care at.12 month old. The total environmental score was negatively correlated with the explicit behavior domain in the emotional scale of children at the age of 2, and 12 month old ignored and punished the explicit behavior domain at the age of 2, and the misaligned domain score was positive. The correlation was negatively correlated with the social ability domain; 12 month old the emotional warmth / environment atmosphere was negatively correlated with the 2 year imbalance domain, and was positively correlated with the social capacity domain; the 12 month old language / cognition was positively correlated with the social ability domain score at the age of 2, with the.3 month old interpersonal interaction / feeding factor, the total annulus score and the 12 month old annulus except for neglect / punishment. There is a negative correlation with the aggressive / resistance dimensions of the explicit behavior domain in the emotional scale of children at the age of 2. 3 month old neglect / restriction factor, 12 month old neglect / punishment factor and aggressive / resistance dimension are positively related to the.12 months of age, while the neglect / penalty factor is positively related to the activity degree / impulsivity dimension in the.3 month rearing environment. The emotional warmth factors were negatively correlated with the separation anxiety dimension of children at the age of 2, and there was a significant negative correlation between the shrinking dimension of new things. 3 month old the neglect / restriction factors and the 12 month old family parenting environment were all with the anxiety of the implicit behavior domain at the age of 2, the new dimension of the new things was related to the factors of.3 month old rearing environment and the children's maladjustment at the age of 2. All the factors except the neglect / punishment factors in the individual related.12 month old family nurture environment were negatively correlated with the negative emotion of children at the age of 2, and there was a significant positive correlation between the neglecting / punishing factors and negative emotional dimensions in the.12 month old family parenting environment, emotional warmth / Environmental climate factors and sleep. The dimension was negative correlation, and the 12 month old neglect / penalty factor was positively related to the sleep dimension at.3 months, and the children's attention at the age of 2, compliance, empathy, imitation / game, and the positive correlation with the motivation dimension; in addition, the perception / cognitive factors at 3 month old and the children's compliance at the age of 2, imitation / game, attention, empathy, The motivation dimension is positive correlation.12 month old family parenting environment except neglect / punishment, all factors are positively correlated with children's almost all dimensions of social ability domain at the age of 2, while neglecting / punishing factors are negatively correlated with most dimensions of social ability domain and most developmental energy areas are positively related to their social ability domain when children are 2 years old. The language of developmental factors is negatively related to the aggressive / resistance dimension of the explicit behavior domain; the big movement in the developmental factors is negatively related to the melancholy / shrinking dimension of the implicit behavior domain; adaptation, language, social behavior, and DQ factors are positively related to the imitation / game, compliance, and empathy dimension in the social competence domain; adaptable energy There is a positive correlation between force, language, developmental quotient factors and pro social peer relationship dimensions in social competence. Conclusion: early family parenting has a significant impact on the development level and emotional sociality of children. In order to promote early development of children and emotional sociality, the earlier the better the family rearing environment is better.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R179

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