本文選題：食品添加劑 + 納米二氧化硅�。� 參考：《上海大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：二氧化硅(SiO_2)作為一種食品添加劑，已經在食品行業(yè)使用了很多年，作為抗結劑防止顆粒聚集結塊、保持食品松散或自由流動。隨著生產工藝的發(fā)展，食品添加劑SiO_2已經達到了納米尺寸，然而目前關于納米SiO_2的安全性研究大都從職業(yè)暴露角度出發(fā)，關于食品添加劑納米SiO_2的生物性安全數據卻很匱乏�？紤]到食品添加劑納米SiO_2會隨著食物經口進入到機體內，而胃腸道系統將會是最重要的吸收部位，因此，我們研究了食品添加劑納米SiO_2對胃腸道細胞的毒性。 首先，隨機從不同食品添加劑廠商購買了四種不同的食品添加劑二氧化硅(S1，S2，S3，S4)，利用TEM、XRD、FT-IR、DLS、BET等技術對其進行了全面的分析表征，發(fā)現四種食品添加劑SiO_2粒徑均在10-50nm，在納米尺寸范圍，比表面積較大，表面基團是羥基，，顆粒帶負電。 在此基礎上，本論文研究了這四種食品添加劑納米SiO_2對人胃粘膜上皮細胞GES-1和人結腸癌細胞Caco-2的毒性影響及作用機制。納米SiO_2對細胞活力的影響存在劑量和時間效應，樣品之間有差異。納米SiO_2不造成細胞膜損傷、形態(tài)改變、細胞的凋亡與壞死，但會抑制細胞的增殖。納米SiO_2會被胃腸道細胞大量攝入，而且導致輕微的氧化應激反應。納米SiO_2對兩種細胞的毒性影響和機制相似，主要通過阻滯細胞停留在S期來抑制細胞的增殖，但是GES-1細胞比Caco-2細胞要敏感一些。總體來說，低劑量下的食品添加劑納米SiO_2是比較安全的。本論文還研究了納米SiO_2在Caco-2細胞單層膜的跨膜情況，發(fā)現納米SiO_2穿膜率很低，說明納米SiO_2很難穿越小腸膜。 此外，本論文還對從口香糖中提取的納米TiO_2的胃腸道細胞的毒性進行了初步的研究，發(fā)現提取出的納米TiO_2相對比較安全。 本論文為納米食品添加劑的生物安全性評價提供了基礎而重要的數據。
[Abstract]:As a food additive, SiO2 has been used in the food industry for many years, as an anti-agglomeration agent to prevent particles from agglomeration and to keep food loose or free flow. With the development of production technology, the food additive SiOSnap2 has reached nanometer size. However, at present, most of the research on the safety of nano-SiOStack2 is based on occupational exposure, but the biological safety data on food additive nano-SiOStack2 is very scarce. Considering that the food additive nano-SiO2 will enter the body with food through the mouth and the gastrointestinal system will be the most important absorption site, we have studied the toxicity of nano-SiO-2 to gastrointestinal cells. First of all, four different kinds of food additive silicon dioxide (S1S2OS3S4) were purchased randomly from different food additive manufacturers. They were characterized by TEMX XRDU FT-IRT-DLSSET and other techniques. It was found that SiO2 of the four kinds of food additives were all in the range of 10-50 nm, in the nanoscale size range. The specific surface area is large, the surface group is hydroxyl, and the particles are negatively charged. On this basis, the toxic effects and mechanism of these four food additives, nano-SiOSTA2, on human gastric mucosal epithelial cells GES-1 and human colon cancer cell line Caco-2 were studied in this paper. The effects of nano-SiO _ 2 on cell viability have dose and time effects, and there are differences among the samples. Nano-SiO _ 2 did not cause cell membrane damage, morphological changes, cell apoptosis and necrosis, but inhibited cell proliferation. Nano-SiO-2 is heavily ingested by gastrointestinal cells and causes a slight oxidative stress response. The toxic effect and mechanism of nano-SiO-2 on the two kinds of cells were similar, mainly by stopping cells in S phase to inhibit cell proliferation, but GES-1 cells were more sensitive than Caco-2 cells. In general, low-dose food additive nano-SiO-2 is relatively safe. In this paper, we also studied the transmembrane of nano-SiOstack _ 2 in Caco-2 cell monolayer. It was found that nano-SiO-2 has a low penetration rate, which indicates that nano-SiO-2 is difficult to penetrate the small intestinal membrane. In addition, the toxicity of nano-TiO-2 extracted from chewing gum was studied, and it was found that the extracted nano-TiO-2 was relatively safe. This paper provides basic and important data for biological safety evaluation of nano-food additives.
【學位授予單位】：上海大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R114;TS202.3

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