發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-25 04:33

  本文選題：吸煙 + 視覺(jué)前注意�。� 參考：《西南醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:吸煙是一個(gè)普遍存在的社會(huì)問(wèn)題,嗜煙是由于人體對(duì)煙堿物質(zhì)依賴。目前研究已明確長(zhǎng)期的煙堿依賴對(duì)心腦血管及肺功能有損害作用,然而關(guān)于煙堿對(duì)認(rèn)知功能(記憶、注意、情緒等)影響的研究尚無(wú)定論,且為研究熱點(diǎn)。本研究通過(guò)對(duì)吸煙患者進(jìn)行視覺(jué)前注意加工事件相關(guān)電位的研究,旨在進(jìn)一步探討吸煙是否對(duì)注意功能造成影響及影響特征。方法:選取內(nèi)江市第二人民醫(yī)院體檢科40-65歲健康志愿者為研究對(duì)象。其中21例無(wú)吸煙的男性為正常對(duì)照組;44例長(zhǎng)期(20年以上)大量吸煙(20支/天以上)男性為觀察組,其中20例為實(shí)驗(yàn)前2小時(shí)以內(nèi)未吸煙的長(zhǎng)期大量吸煙者,稱為吸煙觀察組;24例為試驗(yàn)前15分鐘內(nèi)吸煙的長(zhǎng)期大量吸煙者,稱為吸煙后觀察組。所有患者均行MMSE評(píng)定,并進(jìn)行漢密爾頓焦慮及抑郁量表篩選后入組,同時(shí)排除有物質(zhì)濫用(除外吸煙)、其他神經(jīng)、精神及嚴(yán)重內(nèi)科疾病史者。采用E-prime軟件oddball范式呈現(xiàn)視覺(jué)刺激(圖片)。試驗(yàn)對(duì)象需要做的是觀看屏幕上呈現(xiàn)的刺激圖片,并對(duì)圖片刺激做出規(guī)定的反應(yīng)動(dòng)作,即如果視野中心出現(xiàn)的是紅色靶刺激圖片,則立即做出按鍵動(dòng)作,忽略視野周邊的其它圖片刺激。同時(shí)使用E-prime軟件記錄試驗(yàn)對(duì)象的做出按鍵反應(yīng)的時(shí)間及正確率。同時(shí)采用德國(guó)BP Brain Vision Recorder 32導(dǎo)腦電記錄儀同步記錄腦電圖數(shù)據(jù),存盤(pán)后采用Analyzer 2.0分析處理事件相關(guān)電位,用統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法分析試驗(yàn)對(duì)象的行為學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)(按鍵反應(yīng)時(shí)間及正確率)及視覺(jué)失匹配負(fù)波(Visual Mismatch Negativity,v MMN)的波幅(Amplitude,Amp)及峰潛伏期(Peak Latency,PL)。在本試驗(yàn)中應(yīng)用的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法有:T檢驗(yàn)、方差分析和秩和檢驗(yàn)。結(jié)果:1、正常對(duì)照組與吸煙后觀察組行為學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)(按鍵反應(yīng)時(shí)間、正確率)的差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);吸煙觀察組分別與正常對(duì)照組、吸煙后觀察組在按鍵反應(yīng)時(shí)間、正確率方面的比較有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。2、所有實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)象均成功誘發(fā)出v MMN波。正常對(duì)照組、吸煙后觀察組、吸煙觀察組的v MMN波幅逐漸降低,吸煙觀察組較正常對(duì)照組、吸煙觀察組較吸煙后觀察組v MMN波幅降低均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。吸煙后觀察組較正常對(duì)照組v MMN波幅降低有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P0.05)。各組間的v MMN峰潛伏期差異分析無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論:1、長(zhǎng)期吸煙者存在視覺(jué)前注意自動(dòng)加工障礙。2、v MMN波幅為反映其前注意自動(dòng)加工障礙的較敏感的電生理指標(biāo)。3、長(zhǎng)期吸煙者行為學(xué)檢查反應(yīng)時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)、正確率降低。4、短時(shí)間的煙堿刺激可能部分改善長(zhǎng)期吸煙者的前注意自動(dòng)加工功能。
[Abstract]:Objective: smoking is a common social problem, smoking is due to dependence on nicotine. At present, it has been clear that nicotine dependence has harmful effects on cardiovascular and pulmonary function. However, the effect of nicotine on cognitive function (memory, attention, emotion, etc.) has not been concluded, and has become a hot research topic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects and characteristics of smoking on attention function. Methods: 40-65 year-old healthy volunteers from the Department of physical examination of the second people's Hospital of Neijiang City were selected as the study objects. Among them, 21 cases of non-smoking male were the normal control group 44 cases of long-term (more than 20 years) heavy smoking (more than 20 / day) male as the observation group, 20 cases of long-term smokers who did not smoke within 2 hours before the experiment. There were 24 cases of long-term smokers who smoked in 15 minutes before the experiment, and were called the observation group after smoking. All patients were assessed by MMSE and were selected by Hamilton anxiety and Depression scale and were excluded from substance abuse (except smoking), other neurological, mental and severe medical diseases. Visual stimuli were presented using E-prime software oddball paradigm (picture). What the subjects need to do is to look at the stimuli on the screen and react to the stimuli, that is, if a red target stimulus appears in the center of the field of vision, then the button action is made immediately. Ignore the stimulation of other images around the field of vision. At the same time, E-prime software is used to record the time and accuracy of keystroke response. At the same time, the EEG data were recorded synchronously by BP Brain Vision Recorder 32 guide EEG recorder in Germany, and the event-related potentials were analyzed and processed by Analyzer 2.0 after storage. The behavioral data (keystroke response time and correct rate), the amplitude of visual mismatch negative wave (MMN) and peak latency (peak latency) were analyzed by statistical method. The statistical methods used in this experiment are the: t test, ANOVA and rank sum test. Results there was no significant difference in behavioral data (keystroke reaction time, correct rate) between normal control group and smoking observation group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference between smoking observation group and normal control group in keystroke response time after smoking (P0.05). There was significant difference in accuracy (P0.05). All subjects successfully induced vMMN wave. The amplitude of vMMN decreased gradually in normal control group, smoking observation group and smoking observation group, and the amplitude of vMMN in smoking observation group was significantly lower than that in smoking observation group (P0.05). The amplitude of v MMN in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the normal control group after smoking (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the latency of v MMN between groups (P 0.05). Conclusion: 1. The amplitude of MMN amplitude is a more sensitive electrophysiological index, and the reaction time of behavioral examination in long-term smokers is longer than that of long-term smokers, and the amplitude of MMN is a more sensitive electrophysiological index to reflect the disorder of pre-attention automatic processing. The accuracy rate was decreased by .4.The short-term nicotine stimulation may partially improve the pre-attention automatic processing function of long-term smokers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R163;R749.2

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本文編號(hào)：2064592