本文選題：意外傷害 + 中學(xué)生�。� 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的為制定上海市黃浦區(qū)學(xué)校預(yù)防學(xué)生意外傷害的綜合措施,減少意外傷害對(duì)青少年健康的危害提供科學(xué)依據(jù)。 方法收集2006-2010學(xué)年中學(xué)生傷害個(gè)案報(bào)告524例,按照同性別、同年齡、同班級(jí)進(jìn)行1：1配對(duì)的方式選擇傷害組和對(duì)照組共240例進(jìn)行意外傷害相關(guān)影響因素調(diào)查；采用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)觀察法對(duì)所有中學(xué)進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)調(diào)查；采用分層隨機(jī)抽樣方法抽取班主任、體育老師、衛(wèi)生老師和分管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)作為訪談對(duì)象開展小組訪談和深入訪談。對(duì)問卷調(diào)查等定量資料使用EpiData軟件錄入,用SPSS軟件進(jìn)行分析。專題小組訪談等定性資料輸入電腦進(jìn)行類屬分析。 結(jié)果 1、中學(xué)生意外傷害發(fā)生的現(xiàn)狀 2006-2010學(xué)年黃浦區(qū)在校中學(xué)生意外傷害平均發(fā)生率為4.09‰,男生意外傷害發(fā)生率高于女生。意外傷害發(fā)生時(shí)段以上課、課間休息時(shí)段為主,每學(xué)期均有傷害發(fā)生；意外傷害發(fā)生的最主要場(chǎng)所是學(xué)校,其次是家庭和其他公共場(chǎng)所。意外傷害發(fā)生時(shí)中學(xué)生從事前三位的活動(dòng)為消遣活動(dòng)、體育活動(dòng)和日常起居活動(dòng)。意外傷害發(fā)生類型排在前五位的依次為跌落/倒、碰撞/擠壓傷、打/踢/擰/咬/抓傷、刀/銳器傷和交通事故。意外傷害的傷害性質(zhì)主要以骨折和脫位/扭傷/拉傷為主,發(fā)生的部位依次為四肢遠(yuǎn)端、四肢、頭面部。 2、中學(xué)生意外傷害發(fā)生的危險(xiǎn)因素 傷害組和對(duì)照組比較,單因素分析在父母的婚姻狀況、學(xué)生BMI指數(shù)、夜間睡眠質(zhì)量、學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)、“做任何事前停下來(lái)思考”和“為不該做而做了的事,不該說而說了的話緊張”的問題、攀爬屋頂?shù)任ｋU(xiǎn)地方、與他人動(dòng)手打架、喝酒等危險(xiǎn)行為、運(yùn)動(dòng)前不熱身、在疲倦時(shí)運(yùn)動(dòng)無(wú)老師指導(dǎo)做高難度運(yùn)動(dòng)和無(wú)防護(hù)做器械鍛煉等運(yùn)動(dòng)危險(xiǎn)行為、過馬路闖紅燈和不走人行道等不安全交通行為方面有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異。多因素分析BMI上升1個(gè)單位,傷害發(fā)生的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)上升1.062倍；睡眠狀況差的學(xué)生發(fā)生傷害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是睡眠狀況好的1.913倍；不會(huì)為自己不該做而做了的事,不該說而說了的話而緊張的學(xué)生發(fā)生傷害的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大,是另一類學(xué)生的2.784倍。 3、中學(xué)意外傷害防制的現(xiàn)狀 學(xué)校已制定意外傷害相關(guān)制度,開展健康教育和意外傷害監(jiān)測(cè)工作,具有一定應(yīng)急處置能力。但環(huán)境觀察結(jié)果顯示87.50%的學(xué)校大門沿馬路；學(xué)校大門無(wú)減速帶的學(xué)校占58.33%;學(xué)校周邊有賣油炸食品流動(dòng)小攤點(diǎn)的學(xué)校占33.33%；操場(chǎng)未設(shè)有塑膠跑道等防護(hù)設(shè)施的學(xué)校占33.33%；體育防護(hù)設(shè)備固定放置的占37.50%；課間休息有學(xué)生打鬧或追逐現(xiàn)象的學(xué)校占20.83%,課間休息有老師巡邏檢查的學(xué)校占62.50%;學(xué)生奔跑的學(xué)校占20.83%,有安全警示標(biāo)志的70.83%, 訪談對(duì)象認(rèn)為學(xué)生意外傷害現(xiàn)狀與問卷調(diào)查結(jié)果一致,意外傷害給學(xué)生及其家庭和學(xué)校都造成一定影響；學(xué)生體質(zhì)差、課外運(yùn)動(dòng)前準(zhǔn)備不足和自我保護(hù)意識(shí)差是導(dǎo)致學(xué)生意外傷害發(fā)生的原因；預(yù)防學(xué)生意外傷害要進(jìn)行社會(huì)和新聞界的呼吁,以及輿論的導(dǎo)向,應(yīng)該各部門動(dòng)員,而不僅僅是學(xué)校。 結(jié)論 中學(xué)生意外傷害監(jiān)測(cè)納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)應(yīng)進(jìn)一步統(tǒng)一,應(yīng)控制漏報(bào)現(xiàn)象。中學(xué)生意外傷害具有一些流行病學(xué)特征。父母的婚姻狀況、學(xué)生身體健康和心理健康、個(gè)人危險(xiǎn)行為和運(yùn)動(dòng)危險(xiǎn)行為和交通不安全行為與中學(xué)生意外傷害發(fā)生有關(guān)。目前我區(qū)中學(xué)學(xué)校意外傷害防制仍存在一些問題,需要在制度落實(shí)管理、宣傳教育形式內(nèi)容改善、健全監(jiān)測(cè)系統(tǒng)和排除安全隱患上進(jìn)行改善。
[Abstract]:Objective to provide a scientific basis for formulating comprehensive measures to prevent students from accidental injury in schools in Huangpu District, Shanghai, and to reduce the harm of accidental injury to adolescents' health.
Methods 524 cases of injury cases of middle school students in the 2006-2010 school year were collected. According to the sex, the same age, the same age, and the 1:1 in the same class, 240 cases of the injury related factors were investigated. All secondary schools were investigated by the field observation method, and the stratified random sampling method was used to extract the class. The director, the physical education teacher, the health teacher and the division leader conducted group interviews and in-depth interviews. The quantitative data, such as the questionnaire survey, were recorded in EpiData software and analyzed with SPSS software. Qualitative data such as topic group interview were entered into a computer class analysis.
Result
1, the present situation of accidental injury in middle school students
The average incidence of accidental injuries in Huangpu District middle school students in the 2006-2010 school year is 4.09 per thousand, and the incidence of accidental injuries in boys is higher than that of girls. The classes above the time of accidental injury, the rest period between classes are mainly injuries, the most important place for accidental injury is school, followed by family and other public places. At the time of injury, middle school students engaged in the first three activities for recreational activities, sports activities and daily living activities. The first five cases of accidental injury were fall / fall, collision / crush injury, playing / kicking / screwing / biting / scratching, knife / sharp injury and traffic accidents. The main injuries of accidental injuries were mainly fracture and dislocation / sprain / pull. The locations were limbs distal, limbs, head and face.
2, the risk factors of accidental injury in middle school students
The injury group was compared with the control group. The single factor analysis was dangerous for the parents' marital status, the student BMI index, the night sleep quality, the learning achievement, "do anything before thinking" and "do things that should not be done, not to say and say tense", climb the roof and other dangerous places, fight with others, drink and so on. To do not warm up before exercise, when tired, exercise without teacher guidance to do high difficulty exercise and non protective equipment exercise, such as exercise dangerous behavior, crossing the street red light and not walk the sidewalk unsafe traffic behavior has statistical difference. Multifactor analysis BMI rises 1 units, the risk of injury occurrence rises 1.062 times; sleep condition is poor. The risk of a student's injury is 1.913 times as good as the sleep condition; it will not be done for himself, not to say it, and the stress of a student is more risky, 2.784 times more than the other class.
3, the current situation of accident prevention and control in middle school
The school has set up an accident injury related system, carry out health education and accident injury monitoring, and have a certain capacity for emergency disposal. However, the environmental observation results show that 87.50% of the school gates along the road; the school gate without deceleration belt of the school accounts for 58.33%; the schools around the school have 33.33% schools selling frying food stalls; the playground is not set up. There are 33.33% schools with protective facilities such as plastic runways, 37.50% of fixed sports protection equipment, 20.83% schools for students to play or chase after class, 62.50% in schools with teachers' patrols, 20.83% for students to run and 70.83% for safety warning signs.
The interviewees agree that the present situation of students' accidental injuries is consistent with the results of the questionnaire survey. Accidental injuries have a certain impact on students and their families and schools. Poor physical fitness, inadequate preparation before extracurricular sports and poor self-protection consciousness are the causes of accidental injury to students; the pre prevention and prevention of accidental injuries to students should be carried out in the society and the press. The appeal and guidance of public opinion should be mobilized by all departments, not just schools.
conclusion
The accidental injury monitoring of middle school students should be further unified, and the phenomenon of missed reporting should be controlled. The accidental injuries of middle school students have some epidemiological characteristics. The marital status of the parents, the physical health and mental health of the students, the personal dangerous behavior and the dangerous behavior of sports and traffic unease are related to the accident injury of middle school students. There are still some problems in the prevention and control of accidental injury in middle school schools. It is necessary to improve the system, improve the form of propaganda and education, improve the monitoring system and eliminate the hidden dangers of security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R179

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