本文選題：地震 + 衛(wèi)生服務需求　； 參考：《中國全科醫(yī)學》2017年27期

【摘要】：目的了解四川省地震后極重災區(qū)、一般災區(qū)居民兩周患病率和慢性病患病率情況,并分析其影響因素,以期為政府制定衛(wèi)生政策提供理論依據(jù)。方法 2016年10—12月以受災程度為分層因素,對極重災區(qū)(汶川縣、安縣、什邡市、茂縣)、一般災區(qū)[南充市轄三區(qū)(順慶區(qū)、高坪區(qū)、嘉陵區(qū))、廣安市廣安區(qū)、遂寧市安居區(qū)]的常住居民(年齡45歲)進行問卷調(diào)查,其中極重災區(qū)、一般災區(qū)分別納入調(diào)查對象600例、550例。采用自行設計的《居民衛(wèi)生服務需求和利用狀況調(diào)查問卷》進行自填問卷為主、當面訪問為輔的問卷調(diào)查,問卷內(nèi)容主要包括居民的一般資料、衛(wèi)生服務需求情況(兩周患病情況、慢性病患病情況及自評健康狀況),并分析極重災區(qū)、一般災區(qū)居民兩周患病情況、慢性病患病情況的影響因素。結果極重災區(qū)共發(fā)放問卷600份,回收問卷532份,問卷回收率88.7%;其中有效問卷521份,有效回收率86.8%。一般災區(qū)共發(fā)放問卷550份,回收問卷550份,問卷回收率100.0%;有效問卷516份,有效回收率93.8%。極重災區(qū)居民兩周患病率、慢性病患病率分別為41.8%、26.5%,一般災區(qū)居民兩周患病率、慢性病患病率分別為27.3%、37.2%。極重災區(qū)居民兩周患病率高于一般災區(qū),慢性病患病率低于一般災區(qū)(χ~2值分別為22.992、11.677,P值分別為0.001、0.009)。多因素Logistic回歸分析結果顯示,養(yǎng)老保險類型(城鎮(zhèn)居民養(yǎng)老保險)、自評健康狀況是極重災區(qū)居民兩周患病率的影響因素(P0.05);職業(yè)(事業(yè)單位人員、企業(yè)員工)、自評健康狀況(較差、很差)是一般災區(qū)居民兩周患病率的影響因素(P0.05);自評健康狀況(一般、較差、很差)是極重災區(qū)居民慢性病患病情況的影響因素(P0.05);文化程度(小學及以下)、職業(yè)(事業(yè)單位人員)是一般災區(qū)居民慢性病患病情況的影響因素(P0.05)。結論四川省地震后極重災區(qū)、一般災區(qū)居民兩周患病率、慢性病患病率均處于較高水平。同時極重災區(qū)、一般災區(qū)居民兩周患病率的影響因素分別為養(yǎng)老保險類型、自評健康狀況,職業(yè)、自評健康狀況;極重災區(qū)、一般災區(qū)居民慢性病患病率的影響因素分別為自評健康狀況,文化程度、職業(yè)。因此應明確重點人群的衛(wèi)生服務需求,加強健康管理,穩(wěn)步控制兩類地區(qū)居民患病率。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence rate of two weeks and chronic diseases among the residents in the disaster areas after the earthquake in Sichuan Province, and to analyze the influencing factors so as to provide theoretical basis for the government to formulate health policies. Methods from October to December 2016, the disaster level was taken as a stratified factor, and the disaster areas (Wenchuan County, an County, Shifang City, Maoxian County) and the general disaster area [Nanchong City] were divided into three districts (Shunqing District, Gaoping District, Jialing District, Guang'an District, Guang'an District). A questionnaire survey was carried out among the residents (aged 45 years) in the Anju District of Suining City. Among them, there were 600 or 550 cases in the disaster area, which were included respectively in the general disaster area. Using the self-designed questionnaire on the demand and Utilization of residents' Health Services, the questionnaire was mainly self-filled, supplemented by in-person interviews. The contents of the questionnaire mainly included the general information of the residents. Health service demand (2 weeks prevalence, chronic disease and self-assessment of health status) and analysis of the extremely hard disaster area, the general disaster area residents two weeks disease situation, chronic disease prevalence factors. Results A total of 600 questionnaires were sent out, 532 questionnaires were collected, and the recovery rate was 88.70.Among them, 521 were valid questionnaires, and the effective recovery rate was 86.80.Results A total of 550 questionnaires were sent out, 550 questionnaires were collected, and the rate of recovery was 100.00.The effective questionnaires were 516, and the effective rate was 93.88. The prevalence rate of chronic diseases was 41.8% 26.5. the prevalence rate of general residents in the disaster area was 27.3% 37.2%, respectively. The two-week prevalence rate was higher and the prevalence rate of chronic diseases was lower than that in the general disaster areas (蠂 ~ 2 = 22.992n 11.677g P = 0.001). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the type of pension insurance (urban residents' old-age insurance, self-assessment of health status is the most serious disaster area residents' two-week prevalence rate is P0.05N), occupation (public institution personnel), Self-assessment of health status (poor, very poor) is the influence factor of two-week prevalence rate of the general disaster area residents (P0.05%), self-assessment of health status (average, poor) is a factor of affecting the general disaster area residents' two-week prevalence rate (average, poor, poor). Poor) is the influencing factor of the chronic disease condition of the residents in the most serious disaster area, and the educational level (primary school and below), occupation (the personnel of the institution) is the influencing factor of the chronic disease condition of the residents in the disaster area in general. Conclusion the prevalence rate of two weeks and chronic diseases of the residents in the disaster area after the earthquake in Sichuan Province are all at a high level. At the same time, the influencing factors of the two-week prevalence rate of the residents in the worst-hit areas and the general disaster areas were the types of old-age insurance, self-assessment of health status, occupation and self-assessment of health status. The influencing factors of chronic disease prevalence were self-rated health status, education level and occupation. Therefore, the health service needs of the key population should be defined, health management should be strengthened, and the prevalence rate of residents in the two areas should be controlled steadily.
【作者單位】： 川北醫(yī)學院管理學院;樂至縣中醫(yī)醫(yī)院;
【基金】：四川省基層衛(wèi)生事業(yè)發(fā)展研究中心課題(SWFZ15-Y-24)——分級診療制度下基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務需求與利用研究 四川省軟科學項目(2013ZR0088)——地震后中遠期社會支持網(wǎng)絡對災民衛(wèi)生服務利用行為的影響研究
【分類號】：R129

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