本文選題：肺結(jié)核 + 治愈��； 參考：《青島大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的：調(diào)查了解肺結(jié)核患者愈后健康狀況、膳食營養(yǎng)狀況及存在的相關問題,為促進肺結(jié)核患者愈后健康恢復及防止復發(fā)提供參考。方法：在臨沂市市隨機選取兩縣,抽取部分鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)選取愈后肺結(jié)核患者1261例為病例組和1261例非肺結(jié)核人群作為對照組,由經(jīng)統(tǒng)一培訓的調(diào)查員進行相關體格檢查和問卷調(diào)查。主要內(nèi)容包括：一般狀況、臨床體征、家庭、社會經(jīng)濟狀況、膳食營養(yǎng)等存在問題。結(jié)果：愈后組有乏力癥狀者占44.2%,明顯高于對照組22.9%(p0.01)；愈后組有呼吸困難癥狀者占20.3%,明顯高于對照組6.3%(p0.01)；愈后組消瘦者檢出率11.3%,明顯高于對照組4.4%(p0.01)；愈后組超重或肥胖者225例,占17.8%,明顯低于對照組31.9%(p0.01)。肺結(jié)核患者治愈1年內(nèi)存在呼吸困難人數(shù)26.3%,1～5年內(nèi)為22.3%,高于其他治愈后觀察時間組,隨著治愈時間延長,呼吸困難人數(shù)總體呈減少趨勢；治愈后1年內(nèi)存在消瘦癥狀者最多,治愈時間在1-5年間存在消瘦癥狀者比例較低。愈后組平均家庭年收入明顯低于對照組(p0.01)；愈后組未婚者比例為10.8%,明顯高于對照組5.6%(p0.01),而愈后組離婚者比例為1.4%,明顯高于對照組0.2%(p0.01)；愈后組從事中、重體力活動者分別為43.1%和9.4%,均低于對照組的52.6%和12.5%。肺結(jié)核患者治愈后一周膳食中食物種類5種者占30.8%,很少吃奶、蛋、肉類者占22.9%,食欲不振者占10.8%,均明顯高于對照組(p0.01)愈后組出現(xiàn)視物模糊者占36.3%,明顯高于對照組27.2%。肺結(jié)核患者治愈后復發(fā)114例,占6.2%,治愈后一年內(nèi)復發(fā)率最高為18.1%。結(jié)論：肺結(jié)核患者在治愈后健康狀況仍比正常人群差,膳食營養(yǎng)狀況有待提高,且在治愈后其自身、家庭乃至社會生活仍受到不同程度影響,應給予這部分人群更多關注,保障其生活質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Objective: To investigate the health status of the patients with pulmonary tuberculosis, the nutritional status of the diet and the related problems, and to provide reference for the health recovery and prevention of relapse in the patients with tuberculosis. Methods: two counties were selected randomly in the city and city of Linyi, and 1261 cases of pulmonary nodules were selected and 1261 cases of non tuberculosis were selected. As the control group, the related physical examination and questionnaire survey were carried out by the unified trainer. The main contents include: general condition, clinical sign, family, social and economic condition, diet nutrition. Results: the patients with fatigue symptoms in the after group are 44.2%, and the obvious is higher than the control group 22.9% (P0.01); the later group has dyspnea. The symptoms were 20.3%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (6.3%) (P0.01), and the rate of emaciation in the later group was 11.3%, significantly higher than that of the control group (4.4%) (P0.01); 225 cases of overweight or obesity in the later group were 17.8%, obviously lower than the control group (31.9%) (P0.01). The number of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in 1 years was 26.3%, and 1~5 years was 1~5 years, higher than the other cure. In the observation time group, the number of people with dyspnea showed a decreasing trend as the cure time was prolonged; the most thin symptoms in the 1 years after the cure and the lower rate of emaciation symptoms in the 1-5 years were lower. The average annual income of the later group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.01), and the proportion of unmarried people in the later group was 10.8%, obviously higher than the control group. Group 5.6% (P0.01), and after the recovery group, the proportion of divorced persons was 1.4%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (0.2% (P0.01)), and those in the later group were 43.1% and 9.4% with heavy physical activity, respectively, which were lower than 52.6% and 12.5%. in the control group. 5 kinds of food in the diet were 30.8% in the week after the cure, and there were little milk, eggs, meat, 22.9%, and poor appetite. 10.8%, obviously higher than the control group (P0.01) after the treatment group of 36.3%, obviously higher than the control group 27.2%. tuberculosis patients relapsed 114 cases, accounting for 6.2%, the highest recurrence rate within a year after the cure was 18.1%. conclusion: pulmonary tuberculosis patients are still worse than normal people after the cure, dietary nutritional status needs to be improved, and in After cure, their own family and social life are still affected to varying degrees. This group of people should be given more attention to ensure their quality of life.
【學位授予單位】：青島大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R153.9;R521

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本文編號：1970918