本文選題：學(xué)齡前兒童 + 意外傷害��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的了解臨安市學(xué)齡前兒童家長有關(guān)兒童意外傷害的知識(shí)、行為的現(xiàn)狀,分析兒童年齡、兒童性別、家長人口學(xué)特征、管教方式、預(yù)防意外傷害的知識(shí)和行為等與學(xué)齡前兒童意外傷害的關(guān)系,了解家長對(duì)意外傷害知識(shí)的需求及意愿情況,明確在健康教育中需重點(diǎn)關(guān)注的內(nèi)容和目標(biāo)人群,為開展有效的健康教育和干預(yù)提供參考依據(jù)。 方法采用隨機(jī)整群分層抽樣法。在臨安市六片區(qū)所屬幼兒園中隨機(jī)抽取6所幼兒園,每所幼兒園分別隨機(jī)抽取大中小班各一個(gè),共18個(gè)班級(jí),以這18個(gè)班級(jí)兒童的家長作為研究對(duì)象,共487名。采用自編《兒童意外傷害知識(shí)調(diào)查問卷》對(duì)被調(diào)查兒童家長進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一問卷調(diào)查。 結(jié)果 1、意外傷害發(fā)生情況：本次研究實(shí)際調(diào)查學(xué)齡前兒童家長487人,收回有效問卷451份,兒童意外傷害發(fā)生率為38.6%。其中男孩為39.3%,女孩為37.7%。在發(fā)生過意外傷害的174人兒童中,發(fā)生1次傷害的比例占65.4%,有34.6%的學(xué)齡前兒童曾發(fā)生過不只一次的意外傷害。發(fā)生地點(diǎn)從多到少依此是家里(55.3%)、路上(14.1%)、校外活動(dòng)場所(14.1%)、幼兒園(13.6%)、其他(2.9%)。意外傷害發(fā)生種類前五位的是摔傷、扭傷和脫臼等(54.8%)、燒燙傷(27.6%)、利器割傷(8.5%)、異物吸入(5.1%)和交通事故4.0%)。 2.家長的意外傷害知識(shí)知曉情況：平均知識(shí)分33.3分；平均行為分61.5分。其中預(yù)防性知識(shí)條目中正確知曉率低于60%的條目分別是：不應(yīng)該給孩子吃瓜子、花生等堅(jiān)果食物(37.4%),孩子不可以單獨(dú)進(jìn)廚房(59.8%)。急救性知識(shí)條目中正確知曉率低于60%的條目分別是：會(huì)做心肺復(fù)蘇(12.7%),煤氣中毒時(shí)首先脫離現(xiàn)場(22.6%),知道且會(huì)做氣管異物的急救(22.7%),正確處理孩子誤吃藥品或有毒物品(23.4%),正確處理外傷導(dǎo)致淤血瘀斑(55.4%),骨折時(shí)首先固定骨折處(45.1%)。 3.家長的意外傷害預(yù)防行為情況：行為條目中正確率低于60%的條目是：從不給孩子吃花生、堅(jiān)果類食物(15.7%),有兒童專用座椅(26.9%),家中配備基本外用急救藥物(29.4%),洗滌劑放在孩子夠不到的地方(52.3%),孩子睡覺時(shí)口鼻在被子外面(57.2%)。 4.家長意外傷害知識(shí)Logistic回歸模型顯示,兒童年齡大、家長預(yù)防行為得分越高、父母管教方式為耐心說服、有意外傷害史的兒童家長,家長知識(shí)得分高。 5.家長意外傷害預(yù)防行為Logistic回歸模型顯示,母親的文化程度高、父母管教方式為耐心說服、家長的知識(shí)得分越高有意外傷害史的兒童家長,預(yù)防行為得分越高。 6.家長獲得知識(shí)途徑：目前家長的知識(shí)來源主要是書刊雜志(53.5%)、電視(2.8%)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)(48.1%),只有38.4%和28.4%的家長是從醫(yī)院和社區(qū)的宣傳獲得相關(guān)知識(shí),通過醫(yī)務(wù)人員家庭訪視獲得知識(shí)的只占12.8%,說明家長缺乏系統(tǒng)、全面、專業(yè)的意外傷害知識(shí)教育,而希望通過醫(yī)院、社區(qū)宣傳和家庭訪視獲得相關(guān)知識(shí)的家長分別占67.5%、65.5%和21.9%。說明家長對(duì)從專業(yè)人員處獲得相關(guān)知識(shí)的需求很大。 7.家長自覺參加意外傷害健康教育項(xiàng)目的意愿較高。在調(diào)查的451位家長中有94.2%的家長表示愿意參加健康教育。 結(jié)論學(xué)齡前兒童意外傷害發(fā)生率較高,與兒童家長意外傷害知識(shí)欠缺、意識(shí)不夠和不良行為有關(guān)�，F(xiàn)階段的健康教育服務(wù)沒有滿足兒童家長的需要,有關(guān)單位和工作者應(yīng)加強(qiáng)兒童意外傷害的預(yù)防工作,根據(jù)相關(guān)影響因素有針對(duì)性的進(jìn)行健康教育,在教育中需重視家長的知識(shí)和行為狀況,以促進(jìn)家長不良行為的改變,預(yù)防兒童意外傷害的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Objective To understand the knowledge and behavior of children ' s accidental injury in preschool children in Linan City , analyze the relationship between children ' s age , child sex , parents ' demographic characteristics , management style , knowledge and behavior of preventing accidental injury and the accidental injury of preschool children , understand the needs and willingness of parents to the accidental injury knowledge , and make clear the content and target population that need to be focused on in health education , and provide reference for effective health education and intervention .

Methods Six kindergartens were randomly selected in six kindergartens in Linan City . Each kindergarten was randomly divided into 18 classes , with a total of 18 classes .

Results

1 . The incidence of accidental injury occurred : 487 children from pre - school children were surveyed , 451 were recovered , and the incidence of accidental injury of children was 38.6 % . Among 174 children who had suffered accidental injuries , there were not only accidental injuries among the 174 children who had suffered accidental injuries . The number of accidents occurred in the first five places in the family ( 55.3 % ) , the road ( 14.1 % ) , the campus activity ( 14.1 % ) , the kindergarten ( 13.6 % ) , the other ( 2.9 % ) .

2 . Knowledge of accidental injury of parents : average knowledge is 33.3 points ;
The average behavior was 61.5 points . The items with the correct awareness rate of less than 60 % in the preventive knowledge items were : the children should not eat nuts such as melon seeds , peanuts and the like ( 37.4 % ) , and the children could not be fed into the kitchen alone ( 59.8 % ) . The correct understanding rate in the first aid sexual knowledge entry was lower than 60 % . The correct treatment of the children by mistake of drugs or toxic substances ( 23.4 % ) , the correct treatment of the trauma resulted in congestion of blood stasis ( 55.4 % ) , and the fracture was first fixed at the fracture site ( 45.1 % ) .

3 . The prevention behavior of accidental injury of parents : the correct rate of less than 60 % in the behavior items is : never to eat peanuts , nut - like foods ( 15.7 % ) for children , child - specific chairs ( 29.9 % ) , home - equipped first - aid drugs ( 29.4 % ) , and detergents placed outside the quilt ( 52.3 % ) , and children ' s mouth nose outside the quilt ( 57.2 % ) .

4 . The Logistic regression model of parents ' accidental injury shows that the higher the age of the child , the higher the parents ' prevention behavior score , the parents ' management style is patient persuasion , the child parents with the history of accidental injury , the parents knowledge score is high .

5 . The Logistic regression model of parents ' accidental injury prevention shows that the higher the mother ' s culture and the parenting style of parents , the higher the parents ' knowledge score , the higher the parents who have the history of accidental injury , the higher the prevention behavior score .

6 . Parents have access to knowledge : parents ' knowledge sources are mainly magazines ( 53.5 per cent ) , television ( 2.8 per cent ) and networks ( 48.1 per cent ) . Only 38.8 per cent of parents receive knowledge through family visits in hospitals and communities , while parents lack systematic , comprehensive and professional knowledge education , while parents who wish to obtain relevant knowledge through hospitals , community advocacy and family visits account for 67.5 per cent , 65.5 per cent and 29.9 per cent , respectively .

7 . The willingness of parents to participate in accidental injuries to health education projects was high . 94.2 per cent of the 451 parents surveyed expressed their willingness to participate in health education .

Conclusion The incidence of accidental injuries among preschool children is relatively high , and the lack of knowledge , lack of consciousness and bad behavior are related to the accidental injury of children ' s parents . At present , the health education service does not meet the needs of children ' s parents . Relevant units and workers should strengthen the prevention work of children ' s accidental injury , and pay attention to the knowledge and behavior of parents according to the relevant factors , so as to promote the change of parents ' bad behavior and prevent the accidental injury of children .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R179

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本文編號(hào)：1962956